HURST Exam Review Questions with Verified
Correct Answers
what are the causes of respiratory alkalosis ?
- hyperventilation
- hysterical ( situation)
- acute aspirin overdose
is a patient is hysterical and has acute aspirin overdose the client is breathing _______
and therefore, removing ___________
- fast
- CO2
what are the signs and symptoms of resp. alkalosis?
- lightheaded or faint feeling
- peri-oral numbness and tingling in the fingers and toes
what is the treatment for resp. alkalosis ?
- may have to SEDATE client to decrease resp. rate
- treat the cause
- monitor ABGs
what is the cause of metabolic acidosis?
- DKA
- Starvation
- Renal failure
- severe diarrhea ( lower GI think BASE, LOSING BASE)
,because of DKA and starvation cells are _____ because glucose is not available. the body
will break down fat for energy. as a result of fat breakdown, ________ are produced
causing acidosis
- starving
- acid
what are the signs and symptoms of metabolic acidosis ?
- depend on the CAUSE
- hyperkalemia ( muscle twitching, muscle weakness, flaccid paralysis, and ARRYTHMIAS)
- increased resp. rate ( KUSSMAUL RESP)
what are kussmaul resp?
deep and labored breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis,
particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also kidney failure.
what is the treatment for metabolic acidosis?
- treat the PROBLEM/CAUSE
what are the causes of metabolic alkalosis?
- loss of upper GI contents; UPPER GI THINK ACID , LOSING ACID
-too many antacids...... too much BASE
what are the signs and symptoms of metabolic alkalosis?
- depends on the cause
- observe LOC
- serum potassium will go UP metabolic acidosis and go DOWN in metabolic alkaosis
- monitor for MUSCLE CRAMPS and life threatening
, what is the treatment for metabolic alkalosis ?
- fix the problem
- replace POTASSIUM
metabolic acidosis = _____________
HYPERkalemia
metabolic Alkalosis = ____________
HYPOkalemia
problem:
pH- 7.32
PCO2- 41
HCO3- 20
metabolic compensation
problem:
pH- 7.56
PCO2- 31
HCO3- 25
resp. alkalosis
problem:
pH- 7.26
PCO2- 54
HCO3- 26
resp. acidosis
Correct Answers
what are the causes of respiratory alkalosis ?
- hyperventilation
- hysterical ( situation)
- acute aspirin overdose
is a patient is hysterical and has acute aspirin overdose the client is breathing _______
and therefore, removing ___________
- fast
- CO2
what are the signs and symptoms of resp. alkalosis?
- lightheaded or faint feeling
- peri-oral numbness and tingling in the fingers and toes
what is the treatment for resp. alkalosis ?
- may have to SEDATE client to decrease resp. rate
- treat the cause
- monitor ABGs
what is the cause of metabolic acidosis?
- DKA
- Starvation
- Renal failure
- severe diarrhea ( lower GI think BASE, LOSING BASE)
,because of DKA and starvation cells are _____ because glucose is not available. the body
will break down fat for energy. as a result of fat breakdown, ________ are produced
causing acidosis
- starving
- acid
what are the signs and symptoms of metabolic acidosis ?
- depend on the CAUSE
- hyperkalemia ( muscle twitching, muscle weakness, flaccid paralysis, and ARRYTHMIAS)
- increased resp. rate ( KUSSMAUL RESP)
what are kussmaul resp?
deep and labored breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis,
particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also kidney failure.
what is the treatment for metabolic acidosis?
- treat the PROBLEM/CAUSE
what are the causes of metabolic alkalosis?
- loss of upper GI contents; UPPER GI THINK ACID , LOSING ACID
-too many antacids...... too much BASE
what are the signs and symptoms of metabolic alkalosis?
- depends on the cause
- observe LOC
- serum potassium will go UP metabolic acidosis and go DOWN in metabolic alkaosis
- monitor for MUSCLE CRAMPS and life threatening
, what is the treatment for metabolic alkalosis ?
- fix the problem
- replace POTASSIUM
metabolic acidosis = _____________
HYPERkalemia
metabolic Alkalosis = ____________
HYPOkalemia
problem:
pH- 7.32
PCO2- 41
HCO3- 20
metabolic compensation
problem:
pH- 7.56
PCO2- 31
HCO3- 25
resp. alkalosis
problem:
pH- 7.26
PCO2- 54
HCO3- 26
resp. acidosis
