HURST Review Questions with Verified
Correct Answers
fluid volume excess also another word for ?
- HYPERvolemia
definition of fluid volume excess
- too much fluid in the vascular space ( any vessel in our body ex: vein , artery)
what are 2 causes of fluid volume excess?
- heart failure
- renal failure
heart failure ( HF) means what?
- the heart is weak
- the cardiac output is DOWN
- kidney perfusion is DOWN
- urinary output is DOWN
- the volume stays in the vascular space
renal failure( RF) means what?
- kidneys arent working
what are three things that contain A LOT of sodium?
- canned process foods
- IVF with sodium
- fleet enemas
Aldosterone ( steroid, mineralocorticoid) is found where?
,- adrenal glands ( on top of the kidneys)
what is the normal action of aldosterone ?
When your blood volume gets low through for example vomiting or hemorrhage, the
aldosterone secretion increases and makes your body retain sodium and water and therefore
increases the blood volume
aldosterone makes us retain what?
SODIUM AND WATER
when aldosterone secretion increases ----> retain sodium/water---> blood volume goes
________ ----> retain in ______________________
- up
- vascular space
what two diseases have too much aldosterone?
- cushings ( too much steroids)
- hyperaldosterosteronism ( aka: CONNS)
what disease has too little aldosterone?
- Addisons disease ( not enough aldosterone means you lose NA & water directly from the
vascular space)
when taking a Anti-diuretic hormone ( ADH) do you retain or diurese?
- retain
when taking a anti-diuretic what do you retain ?
- water
, when you have too much ADH what happens in the body ?
- RETAIN water
- fluid volume EXCESS
- Syndrome of inappropriate ADH ( TOO MANY LETTERS TOO MUCH WATER )
- urine is CONCENTRATED ( too much ADH and NA )
- blood is DILUTED
when you have not enough ADH what happens in the body ?
- DIURESE water
- fluid volume DEFICIT
- DI ( diabetes insipidus) DIurese
- urine is DILUTED
- blood is CONCENTRATED
when checking the urine specific gravity, sodium, and hematocrit on lets say a urine test
strip if the urine is concentrated will it make the numbers go up or down?
- UP
when checking the urine specific gravity, sodium, and hematocrit on lets say a urine test
strip if the urine is diluted will it make the numbers go up or down?
- down
where is ADH found ?
- pituitary gland
what should you think about first when you think your patient has a ADH problem?
head injuries ( craniotomy, increase ICP )
Correct Answers
fluid volume excess also another word for ?
- HYPERvolemia
definition of fluid volume excess
- too much fluid in the vascular space ( any vessel in our body ex: vein , artery)
what are 2 causes of fluid volume excess?
- heart failure
- renal failure
heart failure ( HF) means what?
- the heart is weak
- the cardiac output is DOWN
- kidney perfusion is DOWN
- urinary output is DOWN
- the volume stays in the vascular space
renal failure( RF) means what?
- kidneys arent working
what are three things that contain A LOT of sodium?
- canned process foods
- IVF with sodium
- fleet enemas
Aldosterone ( steroid, mineralocorticoid) is found where?
,- adrenal glands ( on top of the kidneys)
what is the normal action of aldosterone ?
When your blood volume gets low through for example vomiting or hemorrhage, the
aldosterone secretion increases and makes your body retain sodium and water and therefore
increases the blood volume
aldosterone makes us retain what?
SODIUM AND WATER
when aldosterone secretion increases ----> retain sodium/water---> blood volume goes
________ ----> retain in ______________________
- up
- vascular space
what two diseases have too much aldosterone?
- cushings ( too much steroids)
- hyperaldosterosteronism ( aka: CONNS)
what disease has too little aldosterone?
- Addisons disease ( not enough aldosterone means you lose NA & water directly from the
vascular space)
when taking a Anti-diuretic hormone ( ADH) do you retain or diurese?
- retain
when taking a anti-diuretic what do you retain ?
- water
, when you have too much ADH what happens in the body ?
- RETAIN water
- fluid volume EXCESS
- Syndrome of inappropriate ADH ( TOO MANY LETTERS TOO MUCH WATER )
- urine is CONCENTRATED ( too much ADH and NA )
- blood is DILUTED
when you have not enough ADH what happens in the body ?
- DIURESE water
- fluid volume DEFICIT
- DI ( diabetes insipidus) DIurese
- urine is DILUTED
- blood is CONCENTRATED
when checking the urine specific gravity, sodium, and hematocrit on lets say a urine test
strip if the urine is concentrated will it make the numbers go up or down?
- UP
when checking the urine specific gravity, sodium, and hematocrit on lets say a urine test
strip if the urine is diluted will it make the numbers go up or down?
- down
where is ADH found ?
- pituitary gland
what should you think about first when you think your patient has a ADH problem?
head injuries ( craniotomy, increase ICP )
