CHEM 103 FINAL EXAM
Lewis Structures represents the transfer or the sharing of electrons in chemical bonds
octet rule EVERY ATOM WANTS 8 ELECTRONS IN THEIR OUTERSHELL
ionic bonding chemical bond formed through the transfer of one or more electrons from one
atom or group of atoms to another group
EX : NaBr
metals give
nonmetals take
oxidation number the superscript indicating the charge on an ion
ion atom with either positive or negative charge
binary compound compounds in which 2 elements are present , metal and non metal - nonmetal
changes to ide
ionization energy energy required to remove the most loosley held electron from outer shell ; up
and to the right
polyatomic molecule nonmetals that form one ion
covalent bond sharing of electrons
EX : CO2
polyatomic ions Ag silver ion
Fe 2+ ferrous ion
Fe 3+ ferric ion
Cu 1+ cuprous ion
Cu 2+ cupric ion
binary molecule 1st word : prefix and full name
2nd word : prefix and stem and ide
mono 1
di 2
, CHEM 103 FINAL EXAM
tri 3
tetra 4
penta 5
hexa 6
hepta 7
octa 8
ennea 9
deca 10
bonding electrons pairs of valence electrons that are shared between pairs
non bonding electrons lone pairs that
are not involved in electron sharing
Linus Pauling Nobel prize Chemist
electronegativity measure of atoms attraction for electrons it shares with another atom in a
chemical bond
electronegativity increases left to right
electronegativity decreases top to bottom
repulsion gives molecule shape, describes distance b/w bonding and non bonding pairs of
electrons
molecular geometry 3 dimensional arrangement of atom within a molecule
, CHEM 103 FINAL EXAM
VSEPR valence shell electron pair repulsion theory - set of procedures for predicting a 3
dimensional geometry molecule
NH4 ammonium with 1 superscript
OH 1 hydroxide
NO2 nitrite with -1 superscript
NO3 nitrate with -1 superscript
C2H3O2 acetate with -1 superscript
HCO3 bicarbonate with -1 superscript
CO3 carbonate with -2 superscript
SO3 sulfite with -2 superscript
SO4 sulfate with -2 superscript
PO4 phosphate with -3 superscript
CN 1 cyanide
molar mass sum of all atomic masses in a compound
moles conversion division
( mass )
over
( atomic mass )
grams conversion multiplication
(moles) ( atomic mass )
write balanced equation step 1
Lewis Structures represents the transfer or the sharing of electrons in chemical bonds
octet rule EVERY ATOM WANTS 8 ELECTRONS IN THEIR OUTERSHELL
ionic bonding chemical bond formed through the transfer of one or more electrons from one
atom or group of atoms to another group
EX : NaBr
metals give
nonmetals take
oxidation number the superscript indicating the charge on an ion
ion atom with either positive or negative charge
binary compound compounds in which 2 elements are present , metal and non metal - nonmetal
changes to ide
ionization energy energy required to remove the most loosley held electron from outer shell ; up
and to the right
polyatomic molecule nonmetals that form one ion
covalent bond sharing of electrons
EX : CO2
polyatomic ions Ag silver ion
Fe 2+ ferrous ion
Fe 3+ ferric ion
Cu 1+ cuprous ion
Cu 2+ cupric ion
binary molecule 1st word : prefix and full name
2nd word : prefix and stem and ide
mono 1
di 2
, CHEM 103 FINAL EXAM
tri 3
tetra 4
penta 5
hexa 6
hepta 7
octa 8
ennea 9
deca 10
bonding electrons pairs of valence electrons that are shared between pairs
non bonding electrons lone pairs that
are not involved in electron sharing
Linus Pauling Nobel prize Chemist
electronegativity measure of atoms attraction for electrons it shares with another atom in a
chemical bond
electronegativity increases left to right
electronegativity decreases top to bottom
repulsion gives molecule shape, describes distance b/w bonding and non bonding pairs of
electrons
molecular geometry 3 dimensional arrangement of atom within a molecule
, CHEM 103 FINAL EXAM
VSEPR valence shell electron pair repulsion theory - set of procedures for predicting a 3
dimensional geometry molecule
NH4 ammonium with 1 superscript
OH 1 hydroxide
NO2 nitrite with -1 superscript
NO3 nitrate with -1 superscript
C2H3O2 acetate with -1 superscript
HCO3 bicarbonate with -1 superscript
CO3 carbonate with -2 superscript
SO3 sulfite with -2 superscript
SO4 sulfate with -2 superscript
PO4 phosphate with -3 superscript
CN 1 cyanide
molar mass sum of all atomic masses in a compound
moles conversion division
( mass )
over
( atomic mass )
grams conversion multiplication
(moles) ( atomic mass )
write balanced equation step 1
