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psychology science of behavior and mental processes
Behavior anything an organism does
mental processes internal, subjective experiences we infer from behavior
biological influences, psychological influences, social-cul-
levels of analysis
tural influences
integrates all three levels; provides more complete pic-
biopsychosocial approach
tures of behaviors and processes.
multiply determined, psychological influences are rarely
Unique challenges of psychology independent, individual ditterences, people often influ-
ence one another, culture and gender.
a fantastic album produced by the glamour hip hop
culture group: Migos. jk, it's enduring behavior, ideas, traditions,
attitudes, and values.
Gender cultural role of "masculine" or "feminine"
gender socialization expectations, descriptions, etc.
naive realism our belief that the world is the way we see it. (gut feeling)
after learning outcome, we believe we could have predict-
hindsight bias
ed it.
overconfidence we tend to think we know more than we actually do
answering questions based on observation and experi-
empirical approach
mentation
statements that summarize past research, give direction to
theory
future research
hypothesis stable prediction; implied by theory
tendency to pay attention to info that fits our beliefs; dis-
confirmation bias
miss info that doesn't.
, Psychology 2000 - Jennifer Knapp - Exam 1 Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027
Exams Includes Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED 100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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approach of evaluating all claims with an open mind but
scientific skepticism
insisting on persuasive evidence before accepting them
an early school of psychology that used introspection to
structuralism
explore the elemental structure of the human mind
introspection examination of one's own thoughts and feelings
too subjective, too concerned with internal behaviors, can-
criticism of structuralism
not directly observe thoughts.
A school of psychology that focused on how our mental
functionalism and behavioral processes function - how they enable us
to adapt, survive, and flourish.
inherent ditterences came about that enabled individuals
natural selection
more likely to survive and reproduce
the view that psychology (1) should be an objective sci-
ence that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental
Behaviorism
processes. Most research psychologists today agree with
(1) but not with (2).
The shift away from strict behaviorism, begun in the
1950s, characterized by renewed interest in fundamental
Cognitive Revolution
problems of consciousness and internal mental process-
es.
cognitive neuroscience study of brain activity linked with cognition
Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and
actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the tech-
psychoanalysis
niques used in treating psychological disorders by seek-
ing to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
Eros life instinct; creation, connections, sex
Thanatos death instinct; destruction, separation, violence