NUR 214 Exam 4 – Nursing Questions and Answers Study Guide

NUR1141 Exam 4

L.S. is a 55-year-old male patient who is seeing his family physician today. The patient's wife, who
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is a nurse, believes L.S. has type 2 diabetes. When the physician questions the patient about his
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symptoms, the patient reports that his wife commented on how much water he was drinking and
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that he had to urinate frequently. He has had an 8-lb weight loss as well. L.S.'s wife performed
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fingerstick blood glucose levels on the patient, and the results were 160 mg/dL and 180 mg/dL
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on separate days. Today his blood sugar is 176 mg/dL. The physician prescribes glimepiride
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(Amaryl).
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The patient asks how a pill will lower his blood sugar. How will the nurse respond? - CORRECT
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ANSWER-Glimepiride (Amaryl) will stimulate cells in the pancreas to produce more insulin,
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which will reduce blood sugar
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-The drug binds to specific receptors on beta cells within the pancreas to stimulate insulin
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release, and decrease glucagon secretion
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At the patient's next visit, his A1C level is 6%. How will the nurse interpret this finding? - CORRECT
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ANSWER-Gone from diabetic to prediabetic, the medication is working and he is on the right
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track
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-5.7-6.4= prediabetic A1C level ***technically normal
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-A1C is an indicator of glycemic control for 3 months
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N.B., who has type 2 diabetes, is 26 weeks pregnant and placed on insulin therapy during
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pregnancy. She asks about why she is unable to take her oral medication as usual. What is the
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nurse's best response? - CORRECT ANSWER-Since insulin is given intravenously, it only affects
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the mother
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-Oral medications enter the GI tract and can affect mother and the baby
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, N.B. is concerned about how her diabetes can affect her baby. What teaching points would the
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nurse provide? - CORRECT ANSWER-stillbirth
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-preterm labor B




-various birth defects (especially at the time of conception)
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-formation of the heart, brain, spinal cord, urinary tract, and gastrointestinal system.
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-gestational diabetes causes few birth defects because blood glucose levels are usually normal
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during the period that the above systems are being developed
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-macrosomia- diabetes in the mother can cause larger babies after birth
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N.B. asks why her insulin dose continues to increase after 20 weeks of gestation and is worried
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something is wrong. What information should be provided to N.B.? - CORRECT ANSWER-Most
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people with type 2 diabetes need more insulin during pregnancy because the mother becomes
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resistant to the insulin as the pregnancy continues
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-The placenta hormone, as well as high cortisol levels, causes the resistance
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The patient has a cold and is complaining of a "stuffy nose." The healthcare provider suggests
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that the patient use an antihistamine. The nurse recognizes which of the following drugs is an
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antihistamine. - CORRECT ANSWER-Loratidine
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Which of the following is needed for glucose to enter the cells? - CORRECT ANSWER-insulin
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When giving dextromethorphan, the nurse understands that this drug suppresses the cough
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reflex by which mechanism of action? - CORRECT ANSWER-Having direct action on the cough
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center
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Mom reports that her 8-year-old child has not been growing and she is worried about her child's
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height. The child is being treated with somatropin. In follow-up visits, the nurse will monitor for
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which expected outcome? - CORRECT ANSWER-increased growth
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