Test Bank for Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children, 8th Edition – McCance & Huether (ISBN: 9780323583473) – All Chapters Covered

TEST BANK FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH
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w1 EDITION McCANCE ALL CHAPTERS 1-50
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w1 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2025.
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,Chapter1-49 w
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Chapter01: Cellular Biology w1 w1 w1




Rogers: McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology, 9thEdition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE w1




1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
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a. Cells can produce proteins. w1 w1 w1




b. Cells can secrete digestive w1 w1 w1




enzymes. w1




c. Cells can take in and use w1 w1 w1 w1 w1




nutrients. w1




d. Cells can synthesize fats. w1 w1 w1




ANS: w 1 C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other
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substances from their surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive
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in their descriptions of cellular metabolic absorption.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering w1 w1




2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
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a. Mitochond
ria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: w 1 C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely
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of RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the
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histones, which regulate its activity. The mitochondria are responsible for
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cellular respiration and energy production.
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Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. w1 w1 w1 w1 w1 w1 w1 w1 w1 w1




Lysosomes function as the intracellular digestive system.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering w1 w1




3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
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oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
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reaction?
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a. Lysosome
s
b. Peroxisom
es
c. Ribosome

, s
d. Endosome
ANS: w 1 B

, Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to
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remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces
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H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or
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escapes from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins)
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that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in
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the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures
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that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzymes
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called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and
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carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the cellular
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membrane.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering w1 w1




4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is
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released during cell injury?
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a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex w1




c. Smooth endoplasmic w1




reticulum
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d. Lysosomes
ANS: w 1 D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful
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digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their
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leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane by various
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treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal enzymes,
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which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-
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digestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular
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protein synthesis. The Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth
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vesicles and membranes often located near the cell nucleus. The smooth
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endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid hormone production and
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removing toxic substances from the cell.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering w1 w1




5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
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a. Increased heart rate and force of w1 w1 w1 w1 w1




contraction
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b. Secretion of cortisol w1 w1




c. Increased retention of water w1 w1 w1




d. Breakdown of fat w1 w1




ANS: w 1 C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. w1 w1 w1 w1 w1 w1 w1 w1 w1 w1




Epinephrine causes increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased
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cortisol secretion is due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering w1 w1




6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
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