is the most common acute life-threatening complication of diabetes
A. Diabetic ketoacidosis
A. Diabetic ketoacidosis
-MC seen in type 1 diabetes but may occur in type 2
B. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma
DKA is caused by deficiency and excess
A. Insulin, glucagon A. Insulin, glucagon
B. Glucagon, insulin
DKA is diagnosed with all the following EXCEPT
A. Significant dehydration
B. Acidosis pH < 8.3
B. Acidosis pH < 8.3
-pH < 7.3 & low HCO3-
C. Elevated blood glucose > 250
D. Electrolyte abnormalities
Signs and symptoms of DKA include all of the following EXCEPT
A. Fatigue
B. Tachypnea - Kussmauls respirations
C. Tachycardia
F. Diarrhea
D. Altered mental status
-VOMITTING is another sign
E. Abdominal pain
F. Diarrhea
G. Polyuria
H. Polydipsia
In DKA the bodys cells are hypoglycemic so they respond by and sending them to
the liver
A. Breaking down triglycerides
C. A & B
B. Increasing free fatty acids
C. A & B
In DKA proteolysis occurs to increase the amount of amino acids the liver receives. These are
A. Changed into ketoacids A. Changed into ketoacids
B. Esterified back to triglycerides
Increased ketogenesis from increased free fatty acids causes ketonuria which father increases
blood glucose causing
A. Glucosuria
, B. Osmolar diuresis
C. A & B
C. A & B
Counter regulatory mechanisms result in becoming ketogenic
A. Epinephrine
B. Glucagon D. All of the above
C. Cortisol
D. All of the above
In DKA severe dehydration ensues and are eliminated in the urine
A. K+
D. All of the above
B. Na+
-Leads to hyperosmolarity
C. Cl-
D. All of the above
DKA is commonly seen in new onset DM1 and with patients who are not compliant with their
insulin. The MC stressor is
A. Meds
B. Infection - gastroeneritis, UTI, pneumonia
B. Infection - gastroeneritis, UTI, pneumonia
-Can also be idiopathic
C. GI bleed
D. Stroke/sepsis
E. Pregnancy, trauma, PE
Dehydration in DKA will cause all of the following EXCEPT
A. Very dry tongue
B. Thirst
E. Bradycardia
C. Polyuria
-TACHYcardia
D. Low blood pressure
E. Bradycardia
F. All of the above
Other clinical manifestations of DKA include which of the following
A. Hypercatecholimenergic state - diaphoresis
F. All of the above
B. Weight loss
C. N/V - ketoacidosis
A. Diabetic ketoacidosis
A. Diabetic ketoacidosis
-MC seen in type 1 diabetes but may occur in type 2
B. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma
DKA is caused by deficiency and excess
A. Insulin, glucagon A. Insulin, glucagon
B. Glucagon, insulin
DKA is diagnosed with all the following EXCEPT
A. Significant dehydration
B. Acidosis pH < 8.3
B. Acidosis pH < 8.3
-pH < 7.3 & low HCO3-
C. Elevated blood glucose > 250
D. Electrolyte abnormalities
Signs and symptoms of DKA include all of the following EXCEPT
A. Fatigue
B. Tachypnea - Kussmauls respirations
C. Tachycardia
F. Diarrhea
D. Altered mental status
-VOMITTING is another sign
E. Abdominal pain
F. Diarrhea
G. Polyuria
H. Polydipsia
In DKA the bodys cells are hypoglycemic so they respond by and sending them to
the liver
A. Breaking down triglycerides
C. A & B
B. Increasing free fatty acids
C. A & B
In DKA proteolysis occurs to increase the amount of amino acids the liver receives. These are
A. Changed into ketoacids A. Changed into ketoacids
B. Esterified back to triglycerides
Increased ketogenesis from increased free fatty acids causes ketonuria which father increases
blood glucose causing
A. Glucosuria
, B. Osmolar diuresis
C. A & B
C. A & B
Counter regulatory mechanisms result in becoming ketogenic
A. Epinephrine
B. Glucagon D. All of the above
C. Cortisol
D. All of the above
In DKA severe dehydration ensues and are eliminated in the urine
A. K+
D. All of the above
B. Na+
-Leads to hyperosmolarity
C. Cl-
D. All of the above
DKA is commonly seen in new onset DM1 and with patients who are not compliant with their
insulin. The MC stressor is
A. Meds
B. Infection - gastroeneritis, UTI, pneumonia
B. Infection - gastroeneritis, UTI, pneumonia
-Can also be idiopathic
C. GI bleed
D. Stroke/sepsis
E. Pregnancy, trauma, PE
Dehydration in DKA will cause all of the following EXCEPT
A. Very dry tongue
B. Thirst
E. Bradycardia
C. Polyuria
-TACHYcardia
D. Low blood pressure
E. Bradycardia
F. All of the above
Other clinical manifestations of DKA include which of the following
A. Hypercatecholimenergic state - diaphoresis
F. All of the above
B. Weight loss
C. N/V - ketoacidosis
