NU 150 - Galen - Pharm Test 3-Study
Guide with Complete Elaborated
Answers.
NSAIDs (actions) - Answer Actions: Does not belong to steroid group of drugs Inhibit
prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting an enzyme that triggers pain and inflammation.
NSAIDs (Therapeutic class) - Answer Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic, Analgesic
NSAIDs (examples) - Answer ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) indomethacin (Indocin) ketorolac
(Toradol) naproxen (Naprosyn) piroxicam (Feldene) celecoxib (Celebrex)
NSAIDs (uses) - Answer Mild to moderate pain Rheumatoid Arthritis Osteoarthritis
Dysmenorrhea
Morphine (uses) - Answer Prototype or "model" opioid
Effective for moderately severe to severe pain Relief of severe cough (codeine) Pulmonary
Edema (morphine) Obstetric Analgesia (nubain) Pre-operative to lessen anxiety and sedate
Morphone (actions) - Answer Actions on organs:
CNS: drowsiness, euphoria, sedation, mental clouding
Eye: pupil constriction (pinpoint pupil) (miosis)
Resp: depressed rate/depth of respirations and aggravation of asthma: suppress cough reflex
(codeine)
GIT = ↓peristalsis in stomach & intestines; gastric, ↓pancreas/bile secretions; gallbladder
spasm (morphine) GUT = bladder contraction/spasm (urinary retention)
Skin: itching and rash
Morphone (adverse reactions) - Answer Adverse reactions:
Physical dependence
Possible withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuing.
Opioid tolerance
Need to address the patient's pain because it takes priority over concerns about drug addiction
or physical dependence.
Symptoms of opioid withdrawal - Answer Early signs
Yawning, perspiring, tearing, nasal drainage
,Followed by:
Gooseflesh (goosebumps) • Abdominal cramps • Bone and muscle pain (rebound pain) • N/V,
diarrhea • Mydriasis (pupil dilation) • Intense craving for drug • Agitation • Elevated BP,
tachycardia • Seizures
Morphone (precautions) - Answer Use cautiously in individuals with head injury, morbid
obesity, and sleep apnea.
Precautions: Elderly: extreme confusion and hallucinations; smaller doses than younger adult
Undiagnosed abdominal pain Liver disease
Home use: Drug may cause drowsiness, dizziness • Caution with driving • Avoid alcohol • Take
med as directed • Explain how-to put-on patch
Patient education on PCA machine: - Answer Location of buttons • Regulation of dose and
time interval • Assure machine will not deliver dose until correct time • Pain relief should occur
shortly after pushing button • Inform nurse if pain not relieved after two doses
Naloxone (Narcan) (Use) - Answer Complete or partial reverse of opioid effects after surgery or
overdose
Naloxone (Narcan) (adverse reaction) - Answer n/v, tachycardia, hypertension, return of
postoperative pain, fever and dizziness
Hydrocodone (use) - Answer severe pain
Hydrocodone (adverse reaction) - Answer Sedation, sweating, headache, vertigo, lethargy,
confusion, lightheadedness, nausea, vomiting
Meperidine (Demerol) opioid (use) - Answer Acute moderate to severe pain, preoperative
sedation, anesthetic adjunct
Meperidine (Demerol) opioid (adverse reaction) - Answer Lightheadedness, constipation,
dizziness, N/V, respiratory depression
Anticholinergic (glycopyrrolate) cholinergic blocking drug (uses) - Answer Parasympathetic
drug (rest and digestion)
Oral: peptic ulcer
Parenteral: in conjunction with anesthesia to reduce bronchial and oral secretions, to block
cardiac vagal
, DRY "Can't see, pee, sh*t, spit" Hot as a Hare Dry as a Bone Blind as a Bat Red as a Beet Mad as
a Hatter
CV: increase heart rate Resp: dry mucus membranes; bronchial dilation
GIT: decrease GI motility, secretions and salivation
GUT-decrease bladder contraction, urinary retention
Eye: pupil dilation, increase in intraocular pressure
Anticholinergic (glycopyrrolate) cholinergic blocking drug (indications) - Answer Indications:
↓ muscle rigidity and diminishes tremors (Parkinson's)
inhibit the vagal stimulus (increase HR in bradycardia)
Bronchospasm (dilate bronchioles in asthma)
irritable bowel syndrome (relief of diarrhea S/S)
Urinary incontinence (relief of urgency in urination)
↓gastric & pancreatic secretions (acute pancreatitis)
↓ reduce respiratory secretions (pre-op)
Anticholinergic (glycopyrrolate) cholinergic blocking drug (teaching) - Answer Patient and
family teaching
Inform provider of adverse reactions
Photophobia = sunglasses, soft light
Dry mouth = frequent sips of water during the day; chew gum or dissolve hard candy
Constipation = drink plenty of fluids, increase fiber in diet
Heat prostration = fans, sponge bath
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) (antidote) - Answer Antidote : acetylcysteine
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) (uses) - Answer Mild to Moderate Pain
Reduce body temperature
Used when allergic to ASA
Used when on anticoagulant therapy
Recent minor surgical procedures
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) (adverse reactions) - Answer Adverse reactions
Few when taken as directed
Urticaria (hives)
Guide with Complete Elaborated
Answers.
NSAIDs (actions) - Answer Actions: Does not belong to steroid group of drugs Inhibit
prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting an enzyme that triggers pain and inflammation.
NSAIDs (Therapeutic class) - Answer Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic, Analgesic
NSAIDs (examples) - Answer ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) indomethacin (Indocin) ketorolac
(Toradol) naproxen (Naprosyn) piroxicam (Feldene) celecoxib (Celebrex)
NSAIDs (uses) - Answer Mild to moderate pain Rheumatoid Arthritis Osteoarthritis
Dysmenorrhea
Morphine (uses) - Answer Prototype or "model" opioid
Effective for moderately severe to severe pain Relief of severe cough (codeine) Pulmonary
Edema (morphine) Obstetric Analgesia (nubain) Pre-operative to lessen anxiety and sedate
Morphone (actions) - Answer Actions on organs:
CNS: drowsiness, euphoria, sedation, mental clouding
Eye: pupil constriction (pinpoint pupil) (miosis)
Resp: depressed rate/depth of respirations and aggravation of asthma: suppress cough reflex
(codeine)
GIT = ↓peristalsis in stomach & intestines; gastric, ↓pancreas/bile secretions; gallbladder
spasm (morphine) GUT = bladder contraction/spasm (urinary retention)
Skin: itching and rash
Morphone (adverse reactions) - Answer Adverse reactions:
Physical dependence
Possible withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuing.
Opioid tolerance
Need to address the patient's pain because it takes priority over concerns about drug addiction
or physical dependence.
Symptoms of opioid withdrawal - Answer Early signs
Yawning, perspiring, tearing, nasal drainage
,Followed by:
Gooseflesh (goosebumps) • Abdominal cramps • Bone and muscle pain (rebound pain) • N/V,
diarrhea • Mydriasis (pupil dilation) • Intense craving for drug • Agitation • Elevated BP,
tachycardia • Seizures
Morphone (precautions) - Answer Use cautiously in individuals with head injury, morbid
obesity, and sleep apnea.
Precautions: Elderly: extreme confusion and hallucinations; smaller doses than younger adult
Undiagnosed abdominal pain Liver disease
Home use: Drug may cause drowsiness, dizziness • Caution with driving • Avoid alcohol • Take
med as directed • Explain how-to put-on patch
Patient education on PCA machine: - Answer Location of buttons • Regulation of dose and
time interval • Assure machine will not deliver dose until correct time • Pain relief should occur
shortly after pushing button • Inform nurse if pain not relieved after two doses
Naloxone (Narcan) (Use) - Answer Complete or partial reverse of opioid effects after surgery or
overdose
Naloxone (Narcan) (adverse reaction) - Answer n/v, tachycardia, hypertension, return of
postoperative pain, fever and dizziness
Hydrocodone (use) - Answer severe pain
Hydrocodone (adverse reaction) - Answer Sedation, sweating, headache, vertigo, lethargy,
confusion, lightheadedness, nausea, vomiting
Meperidine (Demerol) opioid (use) - Answer Acute moderate to severe pain, preoperative
sedation, anesthetic adjunct
Meperidine (Demerol) opioid (adverse reaction) - Answer Lightheadedness, constipation,
dizziness, N/V, respiratory depression
Anticholinergic (glycopyrrolate) cholinergic blocking drug (uses) - Answer Parasympathetic
drug (rest and digestion)
Oral: peptic ulcer
Parenteral: in conjunction with anesthesia to reduce bronchial and oral secretions, to block
cardiac vagal
, DRY "Can't see, pee, sh*t, spit" Hot as a Hare Dry as a Bone Blind as a Bat Red as a Beet Mad as
a Hatter
CV: increase heart rate Resp: dry mucus membranes; bronchial dilation
GIT: decrease GI motility, secretions and salivation
GUT-decrease bladder contraction, urinary retention
Eye: pupil dilation, increase in intraocular pressure
Anticholinergic (glycopyrrolate) cholinergic blocking drug (indications) - Answer Indications:
↓ muscle rigidity and diminishes tremors (Parkinson's)
inhibit the vagal stimulus (increase HR in bradycardia)
Bronchospasm (dilate bronchioles in asthma)
irritable bowel syndrome (relief of diarrhea S/S)
Urinary incontinence (relief of urgency in urination)
↓gastric & pancreatic secretions (acute pancreatitis)
↓ reduce respiratory secretions (pre-op)
Anticholinergic (glycopyrrolate) cholinergic blocking drug (teaching) - Answer Patient and
family teaching
Inform provider of adverse reactions
Photophobia = sunglasses, soft light
Dry mouth = frequent sips of water during the day; chew gum or dissolve hard candy
Constipation = drink plenty of fluids, increase fiber in diet
Heat prostration = fans, sponge bath
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) (antidote) - Answer Antidote : acetylcysteine
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) (uses) - Answer Mild to Moderate Pain
Reduce body temperature
Used when allergic to ASA
Used when on anticoagulant therapy
Recent minor surgical procedures
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) (adverse reactions) - Answer Adverse reactions
Few when taken as directed
Urticaria (hives)
