What are the 3 parental administration methods
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1. intravenous
2. intramuscular- drug injected deep into a muscle
3. subcutaneous- drug injected into deepest layer of skin
Absorption of alcohol (where, rate)
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-ethanol absorbed rapidly from stomach + sm. intestine
-rate affected by: stomach emptying time, [ethanol] in GI, presence of food
-last drink: max [blood alc] is 30-90 mins
,How does pregnancy affect caffeine mechanisms
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caffeine metabolism slower during pregnancy (2x longer during 2nd
trimester, 3x during third)
Inherent harmfulness of barbituates
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very high - fatal risk from respiratory depression + withdrawal - lethality
common, has low therapeutic index
Name 6 advertising techniques
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-before/after
-fear
-offer an easy solution
-attention catching
-celeb endorsement
-discredit other manufacturers
What are the CNS effects of amphetamines
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, EXCITATION = decreased threshold from sensory info transmission to CC
-euphoria + reward feelings
-temp. regulation + feeding centre mods
-aggressive behaviour + mood swings
Short-term effects of barbituates
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tranquility, relaxation, mild euphoria, dizziness, mild impairement, sleep
induction w/ sufficient dose
Cerebral cortex contains:
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sensory/motor coordination, intelligence, memory, vision
How are diuretics used as doping?
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enhance excretion of salt and water through kidneys, decr body water =
compete @ lower body weight
General dosage + effects of sedative-hypnotics
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low: anti-anxiety - GAD, OCD
low-med: sedation
med-high: hypnosis - sleep onset
high: general anesthesia
Metabolism/excretion of nicotine
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rapidly metabolized by liver
excreted in urine (1/2 life = 2 hrs)
4 drugs that bind to Cl- channels
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1. Benzodiazepines (anti-anxiety)
2. Flumazepil (treats benzo overdose)
3. Zolpidem (very sedative)
4. Barbituates (anesthesia, seizures)
Anabolic steroid effects in males
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1. intravenous
2. intramuscular- drug injected deep into a muscle
3. subcutaneous- drug injected into deepest layer of skin
Absorption of alcohol (where, rate)
Give this one a try later!
-ethanol absorbed rapidly from stomach + sm. intestine
-rate affected by: stomach emptying time, [ethanol] in GI, presence of food
-last drink: max [blood alc] is 30-90 mins
,How does pregnancy affect caffeine mechanisms
Give this one a try later!
caffeine metabolism slower during pregnancy (2x longer during 2nd
trimester, 3x during third)
Inherent harmfulness of barbituates
Give this one a try later!
very high - fatal risk from respiratory depression + withdrawal - lethality
common, has low therapeutic index
Name 6 advertising techniques
Give this one a try later!
-before/after
-fear
-offer an easy solution
-attention catching
-celeb endorsement
-discredit other manufacturers
What are the CNS effects of amphetamines
Give this one a try later!
, EXCITATION = decreased threshold from sensory info transmission to CC
-euphoria + reward feelings
-temp. regulation + feeding centre mods
-aggressive behaviour + mood swings
Short-term effects of barbituates
Give this one a try later!
tranquility, relaxation, mild euphoria, dizziness, mild impairement, sleep
induction w/ sufficient dose
Cerebral cortex contains:
Give this one a try later!
sensory/motor coordination, intelligence, memory, vision
How are diuretics used as doping?
Give this one a try later!
enhance excretion of salt and water through kidneys, decr body water =
compete @ lower body weight
General dosage + effects of sedative-hypnotics
, Give this one a try later!
low: anti-anxiety - GAD, OCD
low-med: sedation
med-high: hypnosis - sleep onset
high: general anesthesia
Metabolism/excretion of nicotine
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rapidly metabolized by liver
excreted in urine (1/2 life = 2 hrs)
4 drugs that bind to Cl- channels
Give this one a try later!
1. Benzodiazepines (anti-anxiety)
2. Flumazepil (treats benzo overdose)
3. Zolpidem (very sedative)
4. Barbituates (anesthesia, seizures)
Anabolic steroid effects in males
Give this one a try later!
