Exploring Art chapter 3: media| Defined Terms With Well Explained Solutions

Exploring Art chapter 3: media| Defined Terms With Well Explained Solutions Etching - ANSWER -Type of intaglio, A metal plate is coated with a sticky protective ground, into which the artists scratches a design. The plate is then placed into an acid bath that eats away the exposed metal surface. The etched areas hold the ink during printing Aquatint - ANSWER -Type of intaglio, Areas of the metal plate are partly covered with a powder of acid-resistant resin. Heat is applied to the plate which melts the resin and makes it adhere to the plate surface. The non-resin areas are totally covered with a protective substance then the plate is placed in an acid bath Lithography - ANSWER -Starts with a drawing created with an oily crayon pencil or liquid on either a limestone slab or metal surface. Gum Arabic is then applied to the entire surface except where the oily marks resist it. Next the stone or plate is inked with oil based ink which adheres only to the greasy marks drawn on the surface. Serigraphy - ANSWER -Screen printing, a stencil is attached over a price of finely woven fabric and stretched over a frame. Ink is squeezed through the open areas then deposited on the surface below Photo silk screens - ANSWER -Variations on the regular screen printing process. Use special chemicals instead of stencils to block ink Monotype - ANSWER -Only makes one impression of the image, a drawing or painting is done with printing ink on a sheet of plexiglass or metal and paper is placed on top and hand rubbed or put through the press to make the transfer Pigments - ANSWER -Intense colors in powder form, derived from animals, plants, minerals and synthetic chemicals Binder - ANSWER -The substance that holds the components of pigment together once it dries Slip - ANSWER -A liquid clay Encaustic - ANSWER -Painting style where pigments are mixed into hot beeswax, the paints can be blended until they cool Fresco - ANSWER -Used for large murals, applied directly to walls Fresco secco - ANSWER -Paint is applied to a dry plaster wall, artists have more time to paint but the finished product is not very durable Buon fresco - ANSWER -True fresco, the plaster on the wall is wet and the wet pigment suspended in water is applied to and soaks the surface, which results in a very durable painting Tempera - ANSWER -A paint consisting of pigments mixed with egg yolk Watercolors - ANSWER -A paint with pigments suspended in gum Arabic binder Gouache - ANSWER -Watercolor with white chalk added to create an opaque paint, thicker consistency which makes it easier to control Glazes - ANSWER -Nearly transparent layers that leave a hint of color on the underpainting Alla prima - ANSWER -A technique of painting in a direct style without layers, in which an artist often finished a work in a single sitting Oil paint - ANSWER -Powdered pigments are ground into a slow drying oil, most often on a support of wood of canvas and are solvable in turpentine or mineral spirits Acrylic paint - ANSWER -Made with a pigment that has been ground with a synthetic polymer liquid binder that quickly dries into a flexible film and can be applied to almost any support, water soluble Airbrush - ANSWER -A small spray gun, compressed air is forced through which atomizes the liquid paint, allowing it to be sprayed onto a surface Freestanding - ANSWER -Objects meant to be seen from all sides and could conceivably be placed in many different settings Relief sculpture - ANSWER -Meant to be seen only from the front Site specific sculpture - ANSWER -Designed for a particular place Kinetic works - ANSWER -Actual movement is part of the piece Carving - ANSWER -Artists remove unwanted material from a large block of stone, wood or styrofoam Subtractive process - ANSWER -Material is taken away Modeling - ANSWER -Pushing and pulling of a malleable substance such as clay or wax Additive process - ANSWER -Material is built up to create the final structural form Trompe l'oil - ANSWER -Fool the eye Cire Perdue (lost wax casting) - ANSWER -A thin layer of wax is suspended between an exterior and interior mold. The wax is then melted out of the mold and replaced with molten metal Classical - ANSWER -Greek art Mixed media - ANSWER -Mixing up methods and media within a work Found objects/ ready mades - ANSWER -Already existing objects that can be incorporated into pieces Assemblages - ANSWER -The resulting works of found objects Combines - ANSWER -Both painting and sculpture Fabricated - ANSWER -Using industrial and commercial processes such as welding or neon lighting Performance - ANSWER -A live action event that is staged as an artwork