PATH 370 - DISEASE PREVENTION, CELLULAR ADAPTATIONS, AND
CANCER BASICS QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST
UPDATE 2026
Primary prevention - Answers Example like vaccinations, educational courses to
prevent illness (person does not have the illness yet)
Secondary prevention - Answers Prescription to prevent illness from getting worse
(can be a lifestyle modification such as low sodium, exercise, low sugar, weight
loss...does not have to be medication)
Tertiary prevention - Answers Examples like counseling on medications; Prescription
to control illness in order to prevent episode that might lead to death.
Latent - Answers Time between exposure of tissues to injurious agent and first
appearance of sign or symptom. (when you are exposed and don't know it)
Prodromal - Answers Time during which first sign and or symptoms appear
indicating onset of disease. (usually the time when you feel something is happening
with your body)
Endemic - Answers A disease that is native to a particular region.
Subclinical - Answers The stage during which the patient functions normally,
although the disease processes are well established.
Etiology - Answers The cause of the disease.
Allostasis - Answers The overall process of adaptive change necessary to maintain
survival and well-being (homeostasis).
Sympathetic pathway - Answers Faster response mediated by catecholamines:
epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Corticosteroids - Answers Cortisol and cortisone.
Selye's three phases of stress - Answers Alarm: initial trigger of stress; Resistance:
body fights back to find homeostasis; Exhaustion: if the stressor is not removed.
Sympathetic nervous system - Answers Mediated by norepinephrine/epinephrine
(catecholamines).
Types of intracellular accumulations - Answers Cellular response indicative of injury
due to faulty metabolism.
Hypertrophy - Answers Cells have increased in size to adapt to the new workload.
Metaplasia - Answers Conversion of one cell type to another.
Dysplasia - Answers Disorganized cells look nothing like the original cells,
Precancerous (preneoplastic).
Atrophy - Answers Decreased in size in cells.
Hyperplasia - Answers Increased number of cells.
Coagulative necrosis - Answers Caused by interrupted blood supply.
Apoptosis - Answers Programmed cell death.
Paraneoplastic syndrome - Answers Hypercalcemia, hyponatremia, cushing
syndrome; Cancer cells could secrete hormones that mimic the hormone that your
body naturally makes.
Tumor suppressor gene - Answers P53 (most common) and Rb.
Chemotherapy - Answers Kill rapidly dividing cells.
Side effects of chemotherapy - Answers Include anemia, nausea, bleeding, and
infections.
Cancer terminology - Answers Oma, carcinoma, and sarcoma; usually benign tumor
such as adenoma.
CANCER BASICS QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST
UPDATE 2026
Primary prevention - Answers Example like vaccinations, educational courses to
prevent illness (person does not have the illness yet)
Secondary prevention - Answers Prescription to prevent illness from getting worse
(can be a lifestyle modification such as low sodium, exercise, low sugar, weight
loss...does not have to be medication)
Tertiary prevention - Answers Examples like counseling on medications; Prescription
to control illness in order to prevent episode that might lead to death.
Latent - Answers Time between exposure of tissues to injurious agent and first
appearance of sign or symptom. (when you are exposed and don't know it)
Prodromal - Answers Time during which first sign and or symptoms appear
indicating onset of disease. (usually the time when you feel something is happening
with your body)
Endemic - Answers A disease that is native to a particular region.
Subclinical - Answers The stage during which the patient functions normally,
although the disease processes are well established.
Etiology - Answers The cause of the disease.
Allostasis - Answers The overall process of adaptive change necessary to maintain
survival and well-being (homeostasis).
Sympathetic pathway - Answers Faster response mediated by catecholamines:
epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Corticosteroids - Answers Cortisol and cortisone.
Selye's three phases of stress - Answers Alarm: initial trigger of stress; Resistance:
body fights back to find homeostasis; Exhaustion: if the stressor is not removed.
Sympathetic nervous system - Answers Mediated by norepinephrine/epinephrine
(catecholamines).
Types of intracellular accumulations - Answers Cellular response indicative of injury
due to faulty metabolism.
Hypertrophy - Answers Cells have increased in size to adapt to the new workload.
Metaplasia - Answers Conversion of one cell type to another.
Dysplasia - Answers Disorganized cells look nothing like the original cells,
Precancerous (preneoplastic).
Atrophy - Answers Decreased in size in cells.
Hyperplasia - Answers Increased number of cells.
Coagulative necrosis - Answers Caused by interrupted blood supply.
Apoptosis - Answers Programmed cell death.
Paraneoplastic syndrome - Answers Hypercalcemia, hyponatremia, cushing
syndrome; Cancer cells could secrete hormones that mimic the hormone that your
body naturally makes.
Tumor suppressor gene - Answers P53 (most common) and Rb.
Chemotherapy - Answers Kill rapidly dividing cells.
Side effects of chemotherapy - Answers Include anemia, nausea, bleeding, and
infections.
Cancer terminology - Answers Oma, carcinoma, and sarcoma; usually benign tumor
such as adenoma.
