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NR 511 NP Cafe Final Exam Concept Review
Lachman maneuver
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) - (Knee exam)
McMurray Sign
Injury to the meniscus (knee exam)
Cause of meniscus injury
suddenly planting leg on the ground and twisting
Symptoms of meniscus injury
> immediate pain in the planted leg
> inability to bear weight
> can lock up when trying to straighten it
Phalen's test
Numbness & tingling in the first 3 digits when pressing the dorsal surface of both hands
together in a forced wrist flexion for at least 1 minute (wrist exam)
Radial head fracture
palpate for tenderness, swelling, & crepitus just distal to the lateral epicondyle
What is the difference between articular & non-articular musculoskeletal complaints?
non-articular complaints involves a point or focal tenderness
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Bulge test
use to check for knee joint effusion
carpal tunnel syndrome
Inflammation of the median nerve
Tx of carpal tunnel syndrome
> initial Tx is wrist splint & NSAID
What is the most common area of a herniated disk
L4-L5
Common symptom of a herniated disc
weakness in great toe
Straight leg test
> w/ patient in supine position, elevate affected leg; if this elicits back & sciatic nerve
pain, this is a positive test for
herniated disc
Cause of shoulder dislocation
Excessive pressure put on the shoulders
Assessment of shoulder dislocation
Pain noted when shrugging shoulders
Degrees of ankle sprains
First: ligaments are stretched but not torn
Second: most common; partial tearing of the ligament
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Third: most severe; ligament is torn completely
Cause of muscle strains
> not warming up prior to exercise
How to know pt has a muscle strain...
> Look for location
[e.g. acute low back strain not associated w/ sciatica]
> Aggravated by sitting, standing, & certain movements
> Alleviated w/ rest
> Pain locally on palpation
> Muscle spasms are felt
Tx of muscle strain
> NSAID
> Low-back strengthening exercises (depending on pain tolerance)
> Be careful not to add insult to injury!
Cause of Cauda Equina Syndrome
> Occurs when the bundle of nerves below the end of the spinal cord known as cauda
equina is damaged
Symptoms of Cauda Equina Syndrome
> Low back pain
> Pain that radiates down the leg
https://www.stuvia.com/user/allatopnotch https://www.stuvia.com/user/allatopnotch https://www.stuvia.com/user/allatopnotch
NR 511 NP Cafe Final Exam Concept Review
Lachman maneuver
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) - (Knee exam)
McMurray Sign
Injury to the meniscus (knee exam)
Cause of meniscus injury
suddenly planting leg on the ground and twisting
Symptoms of meniscus injury
> immediate pain in the planted leg
> inability to bear weight
> can lock up when trying to straighten it
Phalen's test
Numbness & tingling in the first 3 digits when pressing the dorsal surface of both hands
together in a forced wrist flexion for at least 1 minute (wrist exam)
Radial head fracture
palpate for tenderness, swelling, & crepitus just distal to the lateral epicondyle
What is the difference between articular & non-articular musculoskeletal complaints?
non-articular complaints involves a point or focal tenderness
https://www.stuvia.com/user/allatopnotch https://www.stuvia.com/user/allatopnotch https://www.stuvia.com/user/allatopnotch
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/allatopnotch https://www.stuvia.com/user/allatopnotch https://www.stuvia.com/user/allatopnotch
Bulge test
use to check for knee joint effusion
carpal tunnel syndrome
Inflammation of the median nerve
Tx of carpal tunnel syndrome
> initial Tx is wrist splint & NSAID
What is the most common area of a herniated disk
L4-L5
Common symptom of a herniated disc
weakness in great toe
Straight leg test
> w/ patient in supine position, elevate affected leg; if this elicits back & sciatic nerve
pain, this is a positive test for
herniated disc
Cause of shoulder dislocation
Excessive pressure put on the shoulders
Assessment of shoulder dislocation
Pain noted when shrugging shoulders
Degrees of ankle sprains
First: ligaments are stretched but not torn
Second: most common; partial tearing of the ligament
https://www.stuvia.com/user/allatopnotch https://www.stuvia.com/user/allatopnotch https://www.stuvia.com/user/allatopnotch
, https://www.stuvia.com/user/allatopnotch https://www.stuvia.com/user/allatopnotch https://www.stuvia.com/user/allatopnotch
Third: most severe; ligament is torn completely
Cause of muscle strains
> not warming up prior to exercise
How to know pt has a muscle strain...
> Look for location
[e.g. acute low back strain not associated w/ sciatica]
> Aggravated by sitting, standing, & certain movements
> Alleviated w/ rest
> Pain locally on palpation
> Muscle spasms are felt
Tx of muscle strain
> NSAID
> Low-back strengthening exercises (depending on pain tolerance)
> Be careful not to add insult to injury!
Cause of Cauda Equina Syndrome
> Occurs when the bundle of nerves below the end of the spinal cord known as cauda
equina is damaged
Symptoms of Cauda Equina Syndrome
> Low back pain
> Pain that radiates down the leg
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