,Chapter 01: Introduction to Pathophysiology
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Banasik: Pathophysiology, 8th Edition P! P! P! !P
MULTIPLE CHOICE P!
1. C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed
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apharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3 F, skin rash, dys
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phagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat, malaise,
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and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have been prescrib
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ed.
The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is
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a. a sore throat.
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b. streptococcal infection. P!
c. genetic susceptibility. P!
d. pharyngitis.
ANS: B P!
Etiology refers to the proposed cause or causes of a particular disease process. A sore throat is th
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e manifestation of the disease process. Genetic susceptibility refers to inherited tendency to devel
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op adisease. Pharyngitis refers to inflammation of the throat and is also a clinical manifestation of
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the disease process.
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2. A 17-year-old college- P! P!
bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causesmeningitis. This is an exam
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ple of P!
a. primary prevention. P!
b. secondary prevention. P!
c. tertiary prevention. P!
d. disease treatment P!
.ANS: A
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NURSINGTB.COM
Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for suscep
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tible individuals by providing vaccination. Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening,and
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management of the disease. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and
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,attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involv
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esmanagement of the disease once it has developed.
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3. An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-
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calorie diet and exerciseprogram. This is an example of
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a. primary prevention. P!
b. secondary prevention. P!
c. tertiary prevention. P!
d. disease treatment P!
.ANS: B
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Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease such
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asprescribing diet and exercise for an individual who has already developed obesity.
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Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susce
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ptible individuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts toalle
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viate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the dis
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ease once it has developed.
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4. A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodi
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umintake. This is an example of
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a. primary prevention. P!
b. secondary prevention. P!
c. tertiary prevention. P!
d. disease treatment P!
.ANS: B
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Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease, such as by
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prescribing sodium restriction for high blood pressure. Primary prevention is prevention of disease b
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y altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Tertiary prevention includes
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rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioni
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ng.Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.
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, 5. After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-
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loweringmedication. This is an example of
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a. primary prevention. P!
b. secondary prevention. P!
c. tertiary prevention. P!
d. disease treatment P!
.ANS: C
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Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability a
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ndrestore effective functioning such as prescribing a cholesterol-lowering
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medication following a heart attack. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susce
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ptibility or reducing expUosuSre fNor sTusceptibOle individuals. Secondary prevention is the
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early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Disease treatment involves management
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ofthe disease once it has developed.
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6. A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs
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ofthis disease. This stage of illness is called the
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a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence !P
ANS: B P!
Incubation refers to the interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the first app
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earance of signs and symptoms. In infectious diseases, this period is often called the incubation (late
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nt) period. Prodromal refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms indicating the onseto
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f a disease. These are often nonspecific, such as headache, malaise, anorexia, and nausea, which are
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associated with a number of different diseases. P! P! P! P! P! P!
Sequela refers to subsequent pathologic condition resulting from a disease. Convalescence is the sta
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geof recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation.
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7. A disease that is native to a particular region is called
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a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
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Banasik: Pathophysiology, 8th Edition P! P! P! !P
MULTIPLE CHOICE P!
1. C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
apharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3 F, skin rash, dys
P! !P P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
phagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat, malaise,
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have been prescrib
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
ed.
The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is
P! P! P! P! P!
a. a sore throat.
P! P!
b. streptococcal infection. P!
c. genetic susceptibility. P!
d. pharyngitis.
ANS: B P!
Etiology refers to the proposed cause or causes of a particular disease process. A sore throat is th
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
e manifestation of the disease process. Genetic susceptibility refers to inherited tendency to devel
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
op adisease. Pharyngitis refers to inflammation of the throat and is also a clinical manifestation of
P! !P P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P
the disease process.
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2. A 17-year-old college- P! P!
bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causesmeningitis. This is an exam
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! !P P! P! P! P!
ple of P!
a. primary prevention. P!
b. secondary prevention. P!
c. tertiary prevention. P!
d. disease treatment P!
.ANS: A
!P P!
NURSINGTB.COM
Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for suscep
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
tible individuals by providing vaccination. Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening,and
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management of the disease. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
,attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involv
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
esmanagement of the disease once it has developed.
!P P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
3. An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
calorie diet and exerciseprogram. This is an example of
P! P! P! !P P! P! P! P! P!
a. primary prevention. P!
b. secondary prevention. P!
c. tertiary prevention. P!
d. disease treatment P!
.ANS: B
!
P P!
Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease such
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P
asprescribing diet and exercise for an individual who has already developed obesity.
! !P P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susce
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
ptible individuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts toalle
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! !P
viate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the dis
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
ease once it has developed.
P! P! P! P!
4. A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodi
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
umintake. This is an example of
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a. primary prevention. P!
b. secondary prevention. P!
c. tertiary prevention. P!
d. disease treatment P!
.ANS: B
!P P!
Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease, such as by
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
prescribing sodium restriction for high blood pressure. Primary prevention is prevention of disease b
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
y altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Tertiary prevention includes
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioni
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
ng.Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.
!P P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
, 5. After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
loweringmedication. This is an example of
!P P! P! P! P! P!
a. primary prevention. P!
b. secondary prevention. P!
c. tertiary prevention. P!
d. disease treatment P!
.ANS: C
!P P!
Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability a
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
ndrestore effective functioning such as prescribing a cholesterol-lowering
!P P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
medication following a heart attack. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susce
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
ptibility or reducing expUosuSre fNor sTusceptibOle individuals. Secondary prevention is the
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Disease treatment involves management
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P
ofthe disease once it has developed.
! !P P! P! P! P! P!
6. A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
ofthis disease. This stage of illness is called the
P! !P P! stage. P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence !P
ANS: B P!
Incubation refers to the interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the first app
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
earance of signs and symptoms. In infectious diseases, this period is often called the incubation (late
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
nt) period. Prodromal refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms indicating the onseto
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! !P
f a disease. These are often nonspecific, such as headache, malaise, anorexia, and nausea, which are
P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P! P!
associated with a number of different diseases. P! P! P! P! P! P!
Sequela refers to subsequent pathologic condition resulting from a disease. Convalescence is the sta
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geof recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation.
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7. A disease that is native to a particular region is called
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a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
