Page 1 of 49
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Paper 1
GRADE 12
Prelim Exam 2026
IMAGES: AI Generated. Based on typical examination questions
Important:
These study notes are revised and updated annually to align with the CAPS curriculum and
current exam requirements. This document is based on past examination papers.
Content was adapted and structured for exam preparation purposes. AI tools were used to
assist with formatting, rephrasing and differentiation.
These notes are designed to help learners:
• Understand key concepts
• Practise exam-style questions
• Identify important themes and patterns in assessments
To ensure learners work with the most relevant and up-to-date content, parents and
learners are encouraged to confirm that they are using the latest version of the notes. If you
are unsure whether you have the latest version, please feel free to contact me at:
Please note that these notes are compiled as a structured study aid for exam preparation
and do not replace the prescribed textbook or classroom instruction. IMAGES: Canva & AI Generated
REMEMBER: You must study Term 1, 2 and 3 ’s STUDY NOTES for the Prelim Exam.
Good luck
Juffrou Ansie
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. Alle regte voorbehou. Hierdie materiaal mag nie sonder skriftelike toestemming gereproduseer of versprei word nie.
Kontak
, Page 2 of 49
Content:
Animal nutrition 3
Feed components, types and supplements 3
Digestibility, energy value, nutritional ratio, Pearson square 11
Energy loss, deficits and symptoms 17
Animal production, protection and control 21
Production systems and handling (facilities, behaviour) 21
Housing and disease control 28
Parasites, sustainable medication use, poisonous plants 30
Reproduction 39
Reproductive systems and hormones 39
Oestrus cycle 43
Reproductive techniques (AI, embryo harvesting/transplantation, synchronization) 44
Pregnancy, birth and milk production 46
_____________________________________________________________
Short questions:
Subsistence The system in which the production of animals and crops must
farming primarily feed the family
Dystocia The condition in which female animals experience problems during
parturition
Loss of libido The condition in bulls characterized by absence of sex drive
A feed flow A feed flow program is a strategic plan for a livestock farmer to
program ensure the availability of feed to meet the animals' needs
throughout the year.
Chronic diseases Chronic diseases are long-lasting and occur repeatedly in the same
animal.
Scrotum The scrotum is a protective bilobed sac that encloses and protects
the testis.
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. Alle regte voorbehou. Hierdie materiaal mag nie sonder skriftelike toestemming gereproduseer of versprei word nie.
Kontak
, Page 3 of 49
Placenta The placenta is a vascular membranous organ that brings the blood
of the mother and the foetus into close contact.
Implantation Implantation is the process when blastocyst attaches to the walls
of the uterus.
Animal nutrition
Feed components, types and supplements
The lower incisors of a pig
The lower incisors of the pig are almost horizontal and the lower jaw acts as a “shovel” for
food intake.
Parts into which the small intestine (number 2) is subdivided.
• Duodenum
• Jejunum
• Ileum
Digestive juices deposited in the small intestine
DBE/November 2021
• Bile
• Pancreatic juice
________________________________________________________________
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. Alle regte voorbehou. Hierdie materiaal mag nie sonder skriftelike toestemming gereproduseer of versprei word nie.
Kontak
, Page 4 of 49
Basic guidelines when transporting farm animals. (EC/SEPTEMBER 2023)
• Pregnant and injured animals should not be transported.
• Animals of different ages and sexes should be separated.
• Avoid whistling and cracking whips during transport.
______________________________________________________________
The digestive tracts of farm animals DBE/November 2020 & SACAI SEP 2022
____________________________________________________
The digestive tract of poultry(SACAI 2022)
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. Alle regte voorbehou. Hierdie materiaal mag nie sonder skriftelike toestemming gereproduseer of versprei word nie.
Kontak
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Paper 1
GRADE 12
Prelim Exam 2026
IMAGES: AI Generated. Based on typical examination questions
Important:
These study notes are revised and updated annually to align with the CAPS curriculum and
current exam requirements. This document is based on past examination papers.
Content was adapted and structured for exam preparation purposes. AI tools were used to
assist with formatting, rephrasing and differentiation.
These notes are designed to help learners:
• Understand key concepts
• Practise exam-style questions
• Identify important themes and patterns in assessments
To ensure learners work with the most relevant and up-to-date content, parents and
learners are encouraged to confirm that they are using the latest version of the notes. If you
are unsure whether you have the latest version, please feel free to contact me at:
Please note that these notes are compiled as a structured study aid for exam preparation
and do not replace the prescribed textbook or classroom instruction. IMAGES: Canva & AI Generated
REMEMBER: You must study Term 1, 2 and 3 ’s STUDY NOTES for the Prelim Exam.
Good luck
Juffrou Ansie
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. Alle regte voorbehou. Hierdie materiaal mag nie sonder skriftelike toestemming gereproduseer of versprei word nie.
Kontak
, Page 2 of 49
Content:
Animal nutrition 3
Feed components, types and supplements 3
Digestibility, energy value, nutritional ratio, Pearson square 11
Energy loss, deficits and symptoms 17
Animal production, protection and control 21
Production systems and handling (facilities, behaviour) 21
Housing and disease control 28
Parasites, sustainable medication use, poisonous plants 30
Reproduction 39
Reproductive systems and hormones 39
Oestrus cycle 43
Reproductive techniques (AI, embryo harvesting/transplantation, synchronization) 44
Pregnancy, birth and milk production 46
_____________________________________________________________
Short questions:
Subsistence The system in which the production of animals and crops must
farming primarily feed the family
Dystocia The condition in which female animals experience problems during
parturition
Loss of libido The condition in bulls characterized by absence of sex drive
A feed flow A feed flow program is a strategic plan for a livestock farmer to
program ensure the availability of feed to meet the animals' needs
throughout the year.
Chronic diseases Chronic diseases are long-lasting and occur repeatedly in the same
animal.
Scrotum The scrotum is a protective bilobed sac that encloses and protects
the testis.
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. Alle regte voorbehou. Hierdie materiaal mag nie sonder skriftelike toestemming gereproduseer of versprei word nie.
Kontak
, Page 3 of 49
Placenta The placenta is a vascular membranous organ that brings the blood
of the mother and the foetus into close contact.
Implantation Implantation is the process when blastocyst attaches to the walls
of the uterus.
Animal nutrition
Feed components, types and supplements
The lower incisors of a pig
The lower incisors of the pig are almost horizontal and the lower jaw acts as a “shovel” for
food intake.
Parts into which the small intestine (number 2) is subdivided.
• Duodenum
• Jejunum
• Ileum
Digestive juices deposited in the small intestine
DBE/November 2021
• Bile
• Pancreatic juice
________________________________________________________________
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. Alle regte voorbehou. Hierdie materiaal mag nie sonder skriftelike toestemming gereproduseer of versprei word nie.
Kontak
, Page 4 of 49
Basic guidelines when transporting farm animals. (EC/SEPTEMBER 2023)
• Pregnant and injured animals should not be transported.
• Animals of different ages and sexes should be separated.
• Avoid whistling and cracking whips during transport.
______________________________________________________________
The digestive tracts of farm animals DBE/November 2020 & SACAI SEP 2022
____________________________________________________
The digestive tract of poultry(SACAI 2022)
© 2026 Juffrou Ansie Study Notes. Alle regte voorbehou. Hierdie materiaal mag nie sonder skriftelike toestemming gereproduseer of versprei word nie.
Kontak
