TEST BANK Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing Practice 4th Edition by Butts & Rich, All Chapters 1-26 Chapters Covered, Verified Latest Newest 2026 Edition ISBN 9781284228823 Pdf

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PHILOSOPHIES AND THEORIES FOR ADVANCED
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j1 NURSING PRACTICE 4TH EDITION /ALL CHAPTERS
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Chapter 1 – Philosophy of Science: An Introduction j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1




1. Why are natural sciences also referred to as ―pure‖ sciences?
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A. They are considered stand-alone bodies of unique knowledge.
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B. They are the only sciences to which the scientific method can be applied.
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C. They are the original sciences upon which all others are based.
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D. They are not affected by subjectivity in the way other sciences are.
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Accurate answer:-A j1




2. Which is not an example of an applied science as used in health care today?
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A. Social work j1



B. Psychotherapy
C. Examination of care j1 j1



disparitiesD. Pathology
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Accurate answer:-D j1




3. Roberta firmly believes that individual experiences are the source of all knowledge in
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theworld. As a scientist, she acknowledges her role as a participant in the experiments she
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performs and does consider herself merely a disconnected observer of phenomenon.
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Roberta’s views are most closTeE
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A. Natural
ScienceB. Human
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Science
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C. Applied Science
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D. Soft
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j1 ScienceAccurate j1




j1 answer:-B

4. What is the ultimate goal of the scientific method?
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A. Application of scientific results to a related body of knowledge in order to meet
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sometype of human need.
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B. Examination of the decisions made by a scientist to understand the ways in j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1



whichsubjectivity was introduced to the experiment.
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C. Reproducible experimental results that do not take researcher individuality into account. j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1



D. Improving the situation or process used in the experiment to yield more accurate results
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in repeat experiments.
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Accurate answer:-C j1




5. Which of the following best describes the aim of natural sciences?
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A. Affirmation of the importance of cultural understanding by uncovering the j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1



commonsubjective biases of different disciplines.
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B. Improvement of the quality of life by understanding what helps people maximize j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1



theirfunctional abilities.
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C. Utilization of knowledge by applying it to a specific aim in order to better a situationor
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change viewpoints.
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D. Development of knowledge for the sake of developing knowledge, discovering truth, j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1 j1



andcontrolling outcomes.
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Accurate answer:-D j1




6. Gretchen and Peter are graduate students in the same Physics lab. Their supervisor has
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asked both of them to perform the same experiment using the same procedure and
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equipment. After they’ve both completed their task, the compare their results and
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discoverthat they are nearly identical. Which of the five criteria for science does Gretchen
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and
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Peter’s discovery exemplify? j1 j1




A. Intersubjective testability j1



B. Reliability
C. Definiteness and precision j1 j1



D. Coherence

Accurate answer:-A j1




7. Which statement does not describe a general characteristic of philosophy?
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A. Thinking for the sake of thinking. j1 j1 j1 j1 j1



B. Utilization of process and outcome. j1 j1 j1 j1



C. Demarcation of wholeness and holism. j1 j1 j1 j1



D. Application of epistemology and ontology. j1 j1 j1 j1




Accurate answer:-C j1




8. Repetitive patterns of behavior dictated by past experiences is an example of which
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sourceof knowledge?
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A. Doctrine
B. Common
senseC. Tradition
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D.

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ccurate

answer:-C
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