HDFS 210 EXAM 2: 300 CORRECT
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS WITH
DETAILED EXPLANATIONS [LATEST
UPDATE
2026/2027\VERIFIED\ALREADY
GRADED A+]
Prenatal Development and Infancy
1. The germinal period of prenatal development lasts
approximately:
A) 1 week
B) 2 weeks
C) 4 weeks
D) 8 weeks
Answer: B) 2 weeks
Explanation: The germinal period lasts about 2 weeks, from
fertilization to implantation of the zygote in the uterine wall .
2. During the embryonic period, which structure develops
into the brain and spinal cord?
,A) Amnion
B) Chorion
C) Neural tube
D) Placenta
Answer: C) Neural tube
Explanation: The neural tube forms during the 3rd week of the
embryonic period and later becomes the central nervous system .
3. A teratogen is best defined as:
A) A genetic abnormality
B) Any agent causing developmental damage during the prenatal
period
C) A hormone supporting fetal growth
D) A type of ultrasound imaging
Answer: B) Any agent causing developmental damage during
the prenatal period
Explanation: Teratogens include alcohol, drugs, infections, and
environmental toxins that can disrupt fetal development .
4. Cephalocaudal development means:
A) Growth proceeds from head to tail
B) Growth proceeds from center outward
,C) Growth proceeds from feet upward
D) Growth proceeds randomly
Answer: A) Growth proceeds from head to tail
Explanation: Cephalocaudal means "head-to-tail" – infants gain
control of their head before arms, then trunk, then legs .
5. Proximodistal development means:
A) Growth proceeds from head to toe
B) Growth proceeds from inner to outer (center to extremities)
C) Growth proceeds from outer to inner
D) Growth proceeds from left to right
Answer: B) Inner to outer (center to extremities)
Explanation: Proximodistal growth starts at the core (spine, trunk)
and moves outward to fingers and toes .
6. At what age does an infant typically sit without support?
A) 2 months
B) 4 months
C) 6 months
D) 9 months
Answer: C) 6 months
, Explanation: Most infants sit independently around 6 months,
though the typical range is 5–8 months .
7. Which reflex is NOT typically present at birth?
A) Rooting reflex
B) Moro reflex
C) Grasping reflex
D) Pincer grasp
Answer: D) Pincer grasp
Explanation: The pincer grasp develops at 8–10 months, not at
birth. The other three are newborn reflexes .
8. The stepping reflex in newborns:
A) Continues throughout life
B) Disappears around 2 months and reappears later as voluntary
walking
C) Indicates brain damage
D) Is a sign of cerebral palsy
Answer: B) Disappears around 2 months and reappears later
as voluntary walking
Explanation: The stepping reflex disappears around 2 months due to
rapid leg weight gain but returns as voluntary walking .
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS WITH
DETAILED EXPLANATIONS [LATEST
UPDATE
2026/2027\VERIFIED\ALREADY
GRADED A+]
Prenatal Development and Infancy
1. The germinal period of prenatal development lasts
approximately:
A) 1 week
B) 2 weeks
C) 4 weeks
D) 8 weeks
Answer: B) 2 weeks
Explanation: The germinal period lasts about 2 weeks, from
fertilization to implantation of the zygote in the uterine wall .
2. During the embryonic period, which structure develops
into the brain and spinal cord?
,A) Amnion
B) Chorion
C) Neural tube
D) Placenta
Answer: C) Neural tube
Explanation: The neural tube forms during the 3rd week of the
embryonic period and later becomes the central nervous system .
3. A teratogen is best defined as:
A) A genetic abnormality
B) Any agent causing developmental damage during the prenatal
period
C) A hormone supporting fetal growth
D) A type of ultrasound imaging
Answer: B) Any agent causing developmental damage during
the prenatal period
Explanation: Teratogens include alcohol, drugs, infections, and
environmental toxins that can disrupt fetal development .
4. Cephalocaudal development means:
A) Growth proceeds from head to tail
B) Growth proceeds from center outward
,C) Growth proceeds from feet upward
D) Growth proceeds randomly
Answer: A) Growth proceeds from head to tail
Explanation: Cephalocaudal means "head-to-tail" – infants gain
control of their head before arms, then trunk, then legs .
5. Proximodistal development means:
A) Growth proceeds from head to toe
B) Growth proceeds from inner to outer (center to extremities)
C) Growth proceeds from outer to inner
D) Growth proceeds from left to right
Answer: B) Inner to outer (center to extremities)
Explanation: Proximodistal growth starts at the core (spine, trunk)
and moves outward to fingers and toes .
6. At what age does an infant typically sit without support?
A) 2 months
B) 4 months
C) 6 months
D) 9 months
Answer: C) 6 months
, Explanation: Most infants sit independently around 6 months,
though the typical range is 5–8 months .
7. Which reflex is NOT typically present at birth?
A) Rooting reflex
B) Moro reflex
C) Grasping reflex
D) Pincer grasp
Answer: D) Pincer grasp
Explanation: The pincer grasp develops at 8–10 months, not at
birth. The other three are newborn reflexes .
8. The stepping reflex in newborns:
A) Continues throughout life
B) Disappears around 2 months and reappears later as voluntary
walking
C) Indicates brain damage
D) Is a sign of cerebral palsy
Answer: B) Disappears around 2 months and reappears later
as voluntary walking
Explanation: The stepping reflex disappears around 2 months due to
rapid leg weight gain but returns as voluntary walking .
