For feminists the personal is the political
For Against
Point: the personal is political as the private sphere affects society and womens role Point: activism should be focused on the public sphere, the private sphere
within it should be left to the individual
Evidence: Simone de Beauvior believed that society is constructed in favour of men, as Evidence: liberal feminists, such as Harriet Taylor and her husband Mill,
seen by womens roles in the home. As she believed human beings have no nature, she focused on legal equality. This was seen as Mill introduced the 1867
believed femininity was a myth created by men to embed their role in society. This amendment to the Reform Act to call for female sufferage (although this was
concerns the private sphere as within the home, within a partiarcal state, men are rejected). In line with liberalism, liberal feminists emphais the importance of
considered the self and women the other. The self must control the other. Women are the liberty of individuals, and that the private shpere should not be
tied to this role through the reproductive process, seen by men as part of the other interfered with as individuals should be free to make their own decisions
Evidence: radical feminists, such Kate Millett,see the roots of oppression in the (negative liberty). Rather the state should allow for equality through
patriarchy, which is found in every sphere of life, including privare. Family is ‘a legislation – 1870 Married Women’s property Act, 1928 Equal Franchise Act
patriarchal unit in a patriarchal whole’. Millet see’s family and marriage as being am Evidence: Charlotte Perkins Gilman focused on womens economic
exchange of female domestic service and sex in return for financial support. This would independence, as this holds them back from social equality. She proposed
be solved by the ablishment of the sex role of women in the family this could be done through centralised nurseries and co-operative kitchens
For to create freedom for women
Point: the personal is political as the private sphere can dictate womens role in the Analyse: first wave feminists focus on legislation as it is fitting for the time
economy
Evidence: Socialist feminists, such as Shelia Rowbotham believe that as women are
Against:
responsible for child bearing and rearing they cannot progress within the economic
Point: feminism should look into all sections of society and focus on
sphere and often depend on men. Labour in the private sphere is not recognised, as it
minorities
is not paid, and is often seen as being worth less. Womens role within the home
Evidence: post modern feminists focus on different sectors of society and
prevent them having opportunities in the workplace. Groups such as the Chicago
how women within these are effected diiferently by the patriarchy. Believe
Women’s Liberation Union (1969) led the socialist feminist movement in the USA.
there is no single explanation for the oppression of women and no singular
Providing child care would give women time to work
uniting experience of oppression for women
Evidence: Marxist feminists believe families have moved away from being matrilineal
Evidence: bell hooks focused on the interlocking systems of ‘imperialist
to the man taking the commanding position. This has been caused by private property
white supremacist capitalist patriarchy’. Such systems leave black women as
and capitalism. Marriage seen as property owning bourgeoisie male and property less
the most marginalised in society
proletariat woman. Woman are therefore degraded at home. A solution to this is that
Analyse: by the time of third wave feminism, many of the objectives of
reproductive labour should either be recognised as productive and fairly paid or the
feminism had been met – allow for a focus on other issues
work should be socialised (carried out by wider society) to free women. Although
Marxist feminists do place class politics over sexual politics
, For feminists the personal is the political
For
Point: radical feminists emphasis on the priate sphere and the patriarchies role
within it
Explain: the patriarchy – the root cause of oppression – is in all spheres, so private
must also be aknowledged Against
Evidence: Firestone – women must be released from domestic responsibility of Point: liberal feminists focus on legislation and the state
women – socialised childcare Explain: idea of negalive liberty - individualism
Evidence: Kate Millet – sees the family and marriage as being an exchange of
female domestic service and sex in return for financial support. Family is a
‘patriarchal unit in a patriarchal whole’ – children are socialised into prescribed
gender roles, reinforced by wider culture
For
Point: socialist/marxist feminists emphasis on the private sphere effecting
womens economic position
Evidence: believe labour in the private sphere is not recognised and justifies those
who argue women should be kept out of jobs. Men are the
Against
Evidence: Rowbotham – women are still responsible for child bearing and rearing,
Point:
they therefore continue to need the support of men to survive
Evidence: marxist feminism – marriage is seen as the property owning
bourgeoisie male and property less proletariat. The woman is thereofre degraded
in the home – total solution is the abolition of private property capitalism and the
family as an economic unit
For Against
Point: the personal is political as the private sphere affects society and womens role Point: activism should be focused on the public sphere, the private sphere
within it should be left to the individual
Evidence: Simone de Beauvior believed that society is constructed in favour of men, as Evidence: liberal feminists, such as Harriet Taylor and her husband Mill,
seen by womens roles in the home. As she believed human beings have no nature, she focused on legal equality. This was seen as Mill introduced the 1867
believed femininity was a myth created by men to embed their role in society. This amendment to the Reform Act to call for female sufferage (although this was
concerns the private sphere as within the home, within a partiarcal state, men are rejected). In line with liberalism, liberal feminists emphais the importance of
considered the self and women the other. The self must control the other. Women are the liberty of individuals, and that the private shpere should not be
tied to this role through the reproductive process, seen by men as part of the other interfered with as individuals should be free to make their own decisions
Evidence: radical feminists, such Kate Millett,see the roots of oppression in the (negative liberty). Rather the state should allow for equality through
patriarchy, which is found in every sphere of life, including privare. Family is ‘a legislation – 1870 Married Women’s property Act, 1928 Equal Franchise Act
patriarchal unit in a patriarchal whole’. Millet see’s family and marriage as being am Evidence: Charlotte Perkins Gilman focused on womens economic
exchange of female domestic service and sex in return for financial support. This would independence, as this holds them back from social equality. She proposed
be solved by the ablishment of the sex role of women in the family this could be done through centralised nurseries and co-operative kitchens
For to create freedom for women
Point: the personal is political as the private sphere can dictate womens role in the Analyse: first wave feminists focus on legislation as it is fitting for the time
economy
Evidence: Socialist feminists, such as Shelia Rowbotham believe that as women are
Against:
responsible for child bearing and rearing they cannot progress within the economic
Point: feminism should look into all sections of society and focus on
sphere and often depend on men. Labour in the private sphere is not recognised, as it
minorities
is not paid, and is often seen as being worth less. Womens role within the home
Evidence: post modern feminists focus on different sectors of society and
prevent them having opportunities in the workplace. Groups such as the Chicago
how women within these are effected diiferently by the patriarchy. Believe
Women’s Liberation Union (1969) led the socialist feminist movement in the USA.
there is no single explanation for the oppression of women and no singular
Providing child care would give women time to work
uniting experience of oppression for women
Evidence: Marxist feminists believe families have moved away from being matrilineal
Evidence: bell hooks focused on the interlocking systems of ‘imperialist
to the man taking the commanding position. This has been caused by private property
white supremacist capitalist patriarchy’. Such systems leave black women as
and capitalism. Marriage seen as property owning bourgeoisie male and property less
the most marginalised in society
proletariat woman. Woman are therefore degraded at home. A solution to this is that
Analyse: by the time of third wave feminism, many of the objectives of
reproductive labour should either be recognised as productive and fairly paid or the
feminism had been met – allow for a focus on other issues
work should be socialised (carried out by wider society) to free women. Although
Marxist feminists do place class politics over sexual politics
, For feminists the personal is the political
For
Point: radical feminists emphasis on the priate sphere and the patriarchies role
within it
Explain: the patriarchy – the root cause of oppression – is in all spheres, so private
must also be aknowledged Against
Evidence: Firestone – women must be released from domestic responsibility of Point: liberal feminists focus on legislation and the state
women – socialised childcare Explain: idea of negalive liberty - individualism
Evidence: Kate Millet – sees the family and marriage as being an exchange of
female domestic service and sex in return for financial support. Family is a
‘patriarchal unit in a patriarchal whole’ – children are socialised into prescribed
gender roles, reinforced by wider culture
For
Point: socialist/marxist feminists emphasis on the private sphere effecting
womens economic position
Evidence: believe labour in the private sphere is not recognised and justifies those
who argue women should be kept out of jobs. Men are the
Against
Evidence: Rowbotham – women are still responsible for child bearing and rearing,
Point:
they therefore continue to need the support of men to survive
Evidence: marxist feminism – marriage is seen as the property owning
bourgeoisie male and property less proletariat. The woman is thereofre degraded
in the home – total solution is the abolition of private property capitalism and the
family as an economic unit
