BIO 669 UPDATED CORRECT ANSWERS AND QUESTIONS SET A.pdf

BIO 669 UPDATED CORRECT ANSWERS AND
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔The area that connects cardiac fibers to one another as well as electrically
connecting them is termed:

A. The z disc

B. The M line

C. The intercalated disk

D. The A band - ✔✔C. The intercalated disk

✔✔Which of the following effects does the renin angiotensin aldosterone system
(RAAS) NOT directly affect in the development of hypertension?

A. Salt, water and increased vascular resistance

B. Endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, and platelet aggregation

C. Arteriolar remodeling making the increase vascular resistance permanent

D. Increase in heart rate and stroke volume, thus increasing cardiac output - ✔✔D.
Increase in heart rate and stroke volume, thus increase in cardiac output

✔✔Myocardial stunning refers to the:

A. Myocardial cells that are persistently ischemic and undergo metabolic adaptation to
prolong survival

B. Hypertrophy that occurs with loss of contractile function

C. Temporary loss of contractile function that persists for hours to days after restoration
of perfusion

,D. Fibroblast proliferation and severe inflammatory response - ✔✔C. Temporary loss of
contractile function that persists for hours to days after restoration of perfusion

✔✔Identify the correct path of blood through the heart and lungs:

A. Vena cava → L Atrium → Tricuspid valve → L ventricle → Pulmonary artery→
Pulmonary vein → R atrium → Mitral valve → R Ventricle

B. Vena Cava → Right atrium → Tricuspid valve → Right ventricle → Pulmonary vein →
Pulmonary artery → Left Atrium → Mitral valve → Left Ventricle → Aorta

C. Vena Cava → R Atrium → Tricuspid valve → Right ventricle → Pulmonary artery-
Pulmonary vein → L Atrium → Mitral valve → L Ventricle → Aorta

D. Vena Cava → R atrium → Mitral valve → R Ventricle → Pulmonary artery →
Pulmonary vein → L atrium → Tricuspid valve → L Ventricle → Aorta - ✔✔C. Vena
Cava -> R Atrium -> Tricuspid Valve -> R ventricle -> Pulmonary Artery -> Pulmonary
vein -> L Atrium -> Mitral valve -> L ventricle -> Aorta

✔✔The innermost layer of the heart wall (inner lining layer) is the:

A. Epicardium

B. Myocardium

C. Endocardium

D. Pericardium - ✔✔C. Endocardium

✔✔Which of the following is most likely to increase ejection fraction?

A. Sympathetic nervous system activation

B. Parasympathetic nervous system activation

C. An acute MI affecting the left ventricle

D. Increased afterload - ✔✔A. Sympathetic nervous system activation

✔✔The volume/pressure inside the ventricle at the end of diastole is termed the:

A. Ejection fraction

b. Cardiac output

, c. Preload

d. Afterload - ✔✔c. Preload

✔✔Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement related to Poiseuille's law?

a. The resistance to flow is directly proportional to the vessel length

b. The resistance to flow is inversely proportional to blood viscosity.

c. The resistance of flow is inversely related to the radius of tube to the 4th power.

d. The flow of blood is directly to the flow of the lumen - ✔✔b. The resistance to flow is
inversely proportional to blood viscosity

✔✔Myocardial remodeling of the affected area is a process that results in:

a. Myocardial cells that are persistently ischemic and undergo metabolic adaptation to
prolong survival

b. Hypertrophy that occurs with loss of contractile function

c. temporary loss of contractile function that persists for hours to days after restoration
of perfusion

d. Fibroblast proliferation and severe inflammatory response - ✔✔b. Hypertrophy that
occurs with loss of contractile function

✔✔A hormone not involved in sugar metabolism is:

a. Insulin

b. Glucagon

c. Aldosterone

d. Cortisol - ✔✔c. Aldosterone

✔✔A possible symptom of an expanding pituitary tumor not related to hormones
includes:

a. Visual disturbances

b. Muscle weakness