BIO 669 STANDARD EXAMS ANSWERS AND
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔Which of the following can form an embolus?
A. Fat
B. Amniotic Fluid
C. Air
D. Bateria, especially within clots
E. All of the above can become an embolus - ✔✔E. All of the above can become an
embolus
✔✔An increase in Ca++ influx, brought about by catecholamines binding to beta
receptors on the myocardium will result in:
A. An increase in cardiac contractility
B. An increase in speed of heart rate and electrical conduction through the heart
C. An increase in preload
D. Both an increase in contractility and heart rate / conduction speed - ✔✔D. Both an
increase in contractility and heart rate / conduction speed
✔✔Myocardial infarction that shows an inverted T wave and ST segment depression is
most likely a result of:
A. Non-STEMI (Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction)
B. STEMI (ST segment elevation myocardial infarction)
,C. Transmural myocardial infarction
D. Myocardial stunning - ✔✔A. Non-STEMI (Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction)
✔✔The T wave is an electrical recording resulting from:
a. Ventricular depolarization
b. Ventricular repolarization
c. Atrial depolarization
d. Atrial repolarization - ✔✔a. Ventricular repolarization
✔✔As a result of the Starling effect, stroke volume should increase following an
increase in:
a. Mean arterial pressure (MAP)
b. Heart rate
c. Sympathetic activity
d. Afterload
e. Preload - ✔✔e. Preload
✔✔The light band in cardiac and skeletal muscle that varies by degree of contraction is
termed the:
a. I band
b. A band
c. M line
d. Z disc - ✔✔a. "I band"
✔✔A result of the action potential's long duration in stimulating muscle is that:
A. Summation cannot occur regardless of how strong the stimulus
B. Cardiac muscle cannot go into tetanus and lock up in contracted position
C. Cardiac muscle has a long refractory period
, D. All of the above are true. - ✔✔D. All of the above are true
✔✔What is the effect of decreasing O2 and increasing CO2 levels (hypoxemia) on
myocardial contractility?
A. Only decreases contractility
B. Only increases contractility
C. Decreases at less severe (O2 sat>50%) but increases at more severe hypoxemia
D. Increases at less severe (O2 sat>50%) but decreases at more severe hypoxemia. -
✔✔D. Increases at less severe (O2 sat > 50%) but decreases at more severe
hypoxemia
✔✔A common and overlooked cause of chronic orthostatic hypertension is:
A. Abdominal aneurysm
B. Cerebral aneurysm in the Circle of Willis
C. Increased peripheral resistance caused by peripheral vascular disease
D. Autonomic neuropathy in persons with diabetes. - ✔✔D. Autonomic neuropathy in
persons with diabetes
✔✔Secondary hypertension is best described as:
A. Of unknown causes
B. As a result of an identifiable condition such as pheochromocytoma.
C. The most common cause of hypertension in the United States.
D. Not likely to affect the heart. - ✔✔B. As a result of an identifiable condition such as
pheochromocytoma
✔✔Which of the following factors is NOT commonly associated with the development of
hypertension?
A. Obesity
B. Insulin resistance
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔Which of the following can form an embolus?
A. Fat
B. Amniotic Fluid
C. Air
D. Bateria, especially within clots
E. All of the above can become an embolus - ✔✔E. All of the above can become an
embolus
✔✔An increase in Ca++ influx, brought about by catecholamines binding to beta
receptors on the myocardium will result in:
A. An increase in cardiac contractility
B. An increase in speed of heart rate and electrical conduction through the heart
C. An increase in preload
D. Both an increase in contractility and heart rate / conduction speed - ✔✔D. Both an
increase in contractility and heart rate / conduction speed
✔✔Myocardial infarction that shows an inverted T wave and ST segment depression is
most likely a result of:
A. Non-STEMI (Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction)
B. STEMI (ST segment elevation myocardial infarction)
,C. Transmural myocardial infarction
D. Myocardial stunning - ✔✔A. Non-STEMI (Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction)
✔✔The T wave is an electrical recording resulting from:
a. Ventricular depolarization
b. Ventricular repolarization
c. Atrial depolarization
d. Atrial repolarization - ✔✔a. Ventricular repolarization
✔✔As a result of the Starling effect, stroke volume should increase following an
increase in:
a. Mean arterial pressure (MAP)
b. Heart rate
c. Sympathetic activity
d. Afterload
e. Preload - ✔✔e. Preload
✔✔The light band in cardiac and skeletal muscle that varies by degree of contraction is
termed the:
a. I band
b. A band
c. M line
d. Z disc - ✔✔a. "I band"
✔✔A result of the action potential's long duration in stimulating muscle is that:
A. Summation cannot occur regardless of how strong the stimulus
B. Cardiac muscle cannot go into tetanus and lock up in contracted position
C. Cardiac muscle has a long refractory period
, D. All of the above are true. - ✔✔D. All of the above are true
✔✔What is the effect of decreasing O2 and increasing CO2 levels (hypoxemia) on
myocardial contractility?
A. Only decreases contractility
B. Only increases contractility
C. Decreases at less severe (O2 sat>50%) but increases at more severe hypoxemia
D. Increases at less severe (O2 sat>50%) but decreases at more severe hypoxemia. -
✔✔D. Increases at less severe (O2 sat > 50%) but decreases at more severe
hypoxemia
✔✔A common and overlooked cause of chronic orthostatic hypertension is:
A. Abdominal aneurysm
B. Cerebral aneurysm in the Circle of Willis
C. Increased peripheral resistance caused by peripheral vascular disease
D. Autonomic neuropathy in persons with diabetes. - ✔✔D. Autonomic neuropathy in
persons with diabetes
✔✔Secondary hypertension is best described as:
A. Of unknown causes
B. As a result of an identifiable condition such as pheochromocytoma.
C. The most common cause of hypertension in the United States.
D. Not likely to affect the heart. - ✔✔B. As a result of an identifiable condition such as
pheochromocytoma
✔✔Which of the following factors is NOT commonly associated with the development of
hypertension?
A. Obesity
B. Insulin resistance
