PHLT 307 EXAM 1 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Why study Global Health?
Answer:
To understand:
-the progress that has already been made
-the challenges that still remain
-that diseases are not limited by national boundaries
-that there are disparities among groups
-the health-development link
-the need for different actors to work together
Question:
2. Health
Answer:
-state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or
infirmity
Question:
3. Public Healt
Answer:
-the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical health and mental health
and efficiency through organized community efforts toward a sanitary environment
Question:
4. Global Health
Answer:
-an area for study, research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in
health for all people worldwide
Question:
5. Key issues in global health
Answer:
-Environmental health
-Nutrition
-Women's health
-Child health
-Communicable diseases
-Noncommunicable diseases
-Injuries
Question:
6. Millennium Development Goals
,Answer:
-Goal 1: eradicate extreme hunger and poverty Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education Goal 3:
promote gender equality and empower women Goal 4: reduce child mortality Goal 5: Improve maternal
health Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases Goal 7: Ensure environmental stability Goal
8: develop a global partnership for development
Question:
7. Determinants of Health
Answer:
-the interconnected factors that determine an individuals health status
-determinants include personal and inborn features, SES, culture, environment, educational attainment,
health behaviors, childhood development, access to care, and government policy
-increasing attention is being paid to the social determinants of health
Question:
8. Health status indicators are useful for:
Answer:
-finding which diseases people suffer from
-determining the extent to which the disease causes death or disability
-carrying out disease surveillance
Question:
9. Vital Registration
Answer:
-vital registration systems record births, deaths, and causes of death
-an accurate system is key to having quality data on a population
-may low and middle income countries lack a vital registration system
-often there are cultural barriers to timely vital registration
Question:
10. Health adjusted life expectancy
Answer:
-summarizes expected # of years to be lived in what might be termed the equivalent of good health
-a health expectancy measure
-to calculate HALE: the years of ill health are weighted according to severity and subtracted from overall
life expectancy
Question:
11. Disability Adjusted life year
Answer:
-the sum of years lost due to premature death and years lived with disability. DALY's are also defined as
years of healthy life lost
-a health gap measure
-indicates losses due to illness, disability, and premature death in a population
Question:
12. Burden of disease data
, Answer:
Important to gain an understanding of:
-leading causes of illness, disability, and death in the world
-variations in these causes by age, sex, ethnicity, and SES
-Changes over time and how these causes might change in the future
Question:
13. Overview of patterns and trends in the burden of disease
Answer:
-people in much of the world are living longer than before and dying at lower rates than earlier
-as people live longer, there is an increase in the years people live w/ disability
-the burden of disease is predominantly noncommunicable in all world bank regions, except sub-saharan
africa
-over the last few decades, the burden of disease has shifted increasingly toward noncommunicable
diseases in all word bank regions
-this shift has been fueled, among other things, by a reduction in communicable diseases and the aging of
populations
Question:
14. causes of death by region
Answer:
-higher income countries tend to have a greater burden of noncommunicable diseases
-the lowest income countries have a greater burden of communicable diseases
-Africa and South Asia are set apart by their large burdens of communicable disease
Question:
15. The burden of deaths and diseases w/in low and middle income countries
Answer:
-rural people will be less happy
-disadvantaged ethnic minorities will be less healthy
-females will suffer from their weak social position
-poor people will be less healthy
-uneducated people will be less healthy
Question:
16. Risk Factors
Answer:
-an aspect or personal behavior or lifestyle, an environmental exposure, or an inborn or inherited
characteristic, that on the basis of epidemiological evidence, is known to be associated w/ health related
conditions considered important to prevent
Question:
17. Population Growth
Answer:
-current work pop is 7.2 billion
-majority of pop growth will occur in low and middle income countries
-this growth will put substantial pressure on the environment and infrastructure
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Why study Global Health?
Answer:
To understand:
-the progress that has already been made
-the challenges that still remain
-that diseases are not limited by national boundaries
-that there are disparities among groups
-the health-development link
-the need for different actors to work together
Question:
2. Health
Answer:
-state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or
infirmity
Question:
3. Public Healt
Answer:
-the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical health and mental health
and efficiency through organized community efforts toward a sanitary environment
Question:
4. Global Health
Answer:
-an area for study, research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in
health for all people worldwide
Question:
5. Key issues in global health
Answer:
-Environmental health
-Nutrition
-Women's health
-Child health
-Communicable diseases
-Noncommunicable diseases
-Injuries
Question:
6. Millennium Development Goals
,Answer:
-Goal 1: eradicate extreme hunger and poverty Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education Goal 3:
promote gender equality and empower women Goal 4: reduce child mortality Goal 5: Improve maternal
health Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases Goal 7: Ensure environmental stability Goal
8: develop a global partnership for development
Question:
7. Determinants of Health
Answer:
-the interconnected factors that determine an individuals health status
-determinants include personal and inborn features, SES, culture, environment, educational attainment,
health behaviors, childhood development, access to care, and government policy
-increasing attention is being paid to the social determinants of health
Question:
8. Health status indicators are useful for:
Answer:
-finding which diseases people suffer from
-determining the extent to which the disease causes death or disability
-carrying out disease surveillance
Question:
9. Vital Registration
Answer:
-vital registration systems record births, deaths, and causes of death
-an accurate system is key to having quality data on a population
-may low and middle income countries lack a vital registration system
-often there are cultural barriers to timely vital registration
Question:
10. Health adjusted life expectancy
Answer:
-summarizes expected # of years to be lived in what might be termed the equivalent of good health
-a health expectancy measure
-to calculate HALE: the years of ill health are weighted according to severity and subtracted from overall
life expectancy
Question:
11. Disability Adjusted life year
Answer:
-the sum of years lost due to premature death and years lived with disability. DALY's are also defined as
years of healthy life lost
-a health gap measure
-indicates losses due to illness, disability, and premature death in a population
Question:
12. Burden of disease data
, Answer:
Important to gain an understanding of:
-leading causes of illness, disability, and death in the world
-variations in these causes by age, sex, ethnicity, and SES
-Changes over time and how these causes might change in the future
Question:
13. Overview of patterns and trends in the burden of disease
Answer:
-people in much of the world are living longer than before and dying at lower rates than earlier
-as people live longer, there is an increase in the years people live w/ disability
-the burden of disease is predominantly noncommunicable in all world bank regions, except sub-saharan
africa
-over the last few decades, the burden of disease has shifted increasingly toward noncommunicable
diseases in all word bank regions
-this shift has been fueled, among other things, by a reduction in communicable diseases and the aging of
populations
Question:
14. causes of death by region
Answer:
-higher income countries tend to have a greater burden of noncommunicable diseases
-the lowest income countries have a greater burden of communicable diseases
-Africa and South Asia are set apart by their large burdens of communicable disease
Question:
15. The burden of deaths and diseases w/in low and middle income countries
Answer:
-rural people will be less happy
-disadvantaged ethnic minorities will be less healthy
-females will suffer from their weak social position
-poor people will be less healthy
-uneducated people will be less healthy
Question:
16. Risk Factors
Answer:
-an aspect or personal behavior or lifestyle, an environmental exposure, or an inborn or inherited
characteristic, that on the basis of epidemiological evidence, is known to be associated w/ health related
conditions considered important to prevent
Question:
17. Population Growth
Answer:
-current work pop is 7.2 billion
-majority of pop growth will occur in low and middle income countries
-this growth will put substantial pressure on the environment and infrastructure
