TEST BANK
Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 11th Edition by Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai & Henrickson
TEST BANK
,
,Chapter 01: Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai and Henrickson: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 11th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The principal function of the immune system is:
a. Defense against cancer
b. Repair of injured tissues
c. Defense against microbial infections
d. Prevention of inflammatory diseases
e. Protection against environmental toxins
ANS: C
The immune system has evolved in the setting of selective pressures imposed by microbi
al infections. Although immune responses to cancer may occur, the concept that ―immun
osurveillance‖ against cancer is a principal function of the immune system is controversi
al. Repair of injured tissues may be a secondary consequence of the immune responses a
nd inflammation. Although the immune system has regulatory features that are needed to
prevent excessive inflammation, prevention of inflammatory diseases is not a primary fu
nction. The immune system can protect against microbial toxins, but it generally does not
offer protection against toxins of nonbiologic origin.
2. Which of the following infectious diseases was prevented by the first successf
ul vaccination?
a. Polio
b. Tuberculosis
c. Smallpox
d. Tetanus
e. Rubella
ANS: C
In 1798, Edward Jenner reported the first intentional successful vaccination, which was a
gainst smallpox in a boy, using material from the cowpox pustules of a milkmaid. In 1980
, smallpox was reported to be eradicated worldwide by a vaccination program. Effective
vaccines against tetanus toxin, rubella virus, and poliovirus were developed in the 20th c
entury and are widely used. There is no effective vaccine against Mycobacterium tubercu
losis.
3. Which of the following is a unique property of the adaptive immune system?
a. Highly diverse repertoire of specificities for antigens
b. Self-nonself discrimination
c. Recognition of microbial structures by both cell-associated and soluble receptors
d. Protection against viral infections
e. Responses that have the same kinetics and magnitude on repeated exposure to t
he same microbe
ANS: A
, Highly diverse repertoires of specificities for antigens are found only in T and B lympho
cytes, which are the central cellular components of the adaptive immune system. Both th
e innate and the adaptive immune systems use cell-
associated and soluble receptors to recognize microbes, display some degree of self-
nonself discrimination, and protect against viruses. On repeated exposure to the same mi
crobe, the adaptive immune response becomes more rapid and of greater magnitude; this
is the manifestation of memory.
4. Antibodies and T lymphocytes are the respective mediators of which two types
of immunity?
a. Innate and adaptive
b. Passive and active
c. Specific and nonspecific
d. Humoral and cell-mediated
e. Adult and neonatal
ANS: D
Both B and T lymphocytes are principal components of adaptive immunity. B lymphocyte
s produce antibodies, which are the recognition and effector molecules of humoral immun
e responses to extracellular pathogens. T cells recognize and promote eradication of intrac
ellular pathogens in cell-
mediated immunity. Passive and active immunity both can be mediated by either B or T ly
mphocytes. Specific immunity is another term for adaptive immunity. Both B and T lymp
hocytes participate in adult adaptive immunity but are still developing in the neonatal peri
od.
5. The two major functional classes of effector T lymphocytes are:
a. Helper T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes
b. Natural killer cells and cytoWtoWxW
ic.TTlB
yS
mMph.oW
cyStes
c. Memory T cells and effector T cells
d. Helper cells and antigen-presenting cells
e. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells
ANS: A
T cells can be classified into effector subsets that perform different effector functions. Mo
st effector T cells are either helper T lymphocytes, which enhance the responses of other
immune cells, including phagocytes and B cells, to infections, or cytotoxic T lymphocyt
es, which directly kill infected cells. Natural killer cells are not T lymphocytes.
Antigen-presenting cells usually are not T cells. Memory T cells are not effector T cells.
6. Which of the following cell types is required for all adaptive humoral immune responses?
a. Natural killer cells
b. Dendritic cells
c. Cytolytic T lymphocytes
d. B lymphocytes
e. Helper T lymphocytes
ANS: D
Humoral immune responses are antibody-
mediated immune responses, and all antibodies are made by B lymphocytes and no oth
er cell type.
Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 11th Edition by Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai & Henrickson
TEST BANK
,
,Chapter 01: Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai and Henrickson: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 11th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The principal function of the immune system is:
a. Defense against cancer
b. Repair of injured tissues
c. Defense against microbial infections
d. Prevention of inflammatory diseases
e. Protection against environmental toxins
ANS: C
The immune system has evolved in the setting of selective pressures imposed by microbi
al infections. Although immune responses to cancer may occur, the concept that ―immun
osurveillance‖ against cancer is a principal function of the immune system is controversi
al. Repair of injured tissues may be a secondary consequence of the immune responses a
nd inflammation. Although the immune system has regulatory features that are needed to
prevent excessive inflammation, prevention of inflammatory diseases is not a primary fu
nction. The immune system can protect against microbial toxins, but it generally does not
offer protection against toxins of nonbiologic origin.
2. Which of the following infectious diseases was prevented by the first successf
ul vaccination?
a. Polio
b. Tuberculosis
c. Smallpox
d. Tetanus
e. Rubella
ANS: C
In 1798, Edward Jenner reported the first intentional successful vaccination, which was a
gainst smallpox in a boy, using material from the cowpox pustules of a milkmaid. In 1980
, smallpox was reported to be eradicated worldwide by a vaccination program. Effective
vaccines against tetanus toxin, rubella virus, and poliovirus were developed in the 20th c
entury and are widely used. There is no effective vaccine against Mycobacterium tubercu
losis.
3. Which of the following is a unique property of the adaptive immune system?
a. Highly diverse repertoire of specificities for antigens
b. Self-nonself discrimination
c. Recognition of microbial structures by both cell-associated and soluble receptors
d. Protection against viral infections
e. Responses that have the same kinetics and magnitude on repeated exposure to t
he same microbe
ANS: A
, Highly diverse repertoires of specificities for antigens are found only in T and B lympho
cytes, which are the central cellular components of the adaptive immune system. Both th
e innate and the adaptive immune systems use cell-
associated and soluble receptors to recognize microbes, display some degree of self-
nonself discrimination, and protect against viruses. On repeated exposure to the same mi
crobe, the adaptive immune response becomes more rapid and of greater magnitude; this
is the manifestation of memory.
4. Antibodies and T lymphocytes are the respective mediators of which two types
of immunity?
a. Innate and adaptive
b. Passive and active
c. Specific and nonspecific
d. Humoral and cell-mediated
e. Adult and neonatal
ANS: D
Both B and T lymphocytes are principal components of adaptive immunity. B lymphocyte
s produce antibodies, which are the recognition and effector molecules of humoral immun
e responses to extracellular pathogens. T cells recognize and promote eradication of intrac
ellular pathogens in cell-
mediated immunity. Passive and active immunity both can be mediated by either B or T ly
mphocytes. Specific immunity is another term for adaptive immunity. Both B and T lymp
hocytes participate in adult adaptive immunity but are still developing in the neonatal peri
od.
5. The two major functional classes of effector T lymphocytes are:
a. Helper T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes
b. Natural killer cells and cytoWtoWxW
ic.TTlB
yS
mMph.oW
cyStes
c. Memory T cells and effector T cells
d. Helper cells and antigen-presenting cells
e. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells
ANS: A
T cells can be classified into effector subsets that perform different effector functions. Mo
st effector T cells are either helper T lymphocytes, which enhance the responses of other
immune cells, including phagocytes and B cells, to infections, or cytotoxic T lymphocyt
es, which directly kill infected cells. Natural killer cells are not T lymphocytes.
Antigen-presenting cells usually are not T cells. Memory T cells are not effector T cells.
6. Which of the following cell types is required for all adaptive humoral immune responses?
a. Natural killer cells
b. Dendritic cells
c. Cytolytic T lymphocytes
d. B lymphocytes
e. Helper T lymphocytes
ANS: D
Humoral immune responses are antibody-
mediated immune responses, and all antibodies are made by B lymphocytes and no oth
er cell type.
