PSY 352-EXAM 1 NEWEST 2026-2027 ACTUAL
EXAM COMPLETE 220 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+ BRAND
NEW!!
__________ helps prevent order effects in an experiment. - CORRECT ANSWER:
Counterbalancing
__________ is the psychologist most closely associated with the trait perspective of personality.
- CORRECT ANSWER: Gordon Allport
__________ research is the type that is best suited to establish causation. - CORRECT
ANSWER: Experimental
6 components of temperament - CORRECT ANSWER: i. fearful distress/inhibition
ii. irritable distress
iii. attention span and persistence
iv. activity level
v. positive affect/approach orientation
vi. soothability
A __________ is the genetic material that an individual inherits, while a __________ is the
observable expression of that genetic material. - CORRECT ANSWER: genotype; phenotype
A __________ study is one that repeatedly tests the same group of participants over a long
period of time. - CORRECT ANSWER: longitudinal
,A person's level of self-esteem (high vs. low) is __________ correlated with self-esteem
variability (stable vs. fragile). - CORRECT ANSWER: not
A personality test that gives very inconsistent results would be said to have low __________. -
CORRECT ANSWER: reliability
According to research presented in class, __________ is the Big Five trait that is the best
predictor of workplace performance. - CORRECT ANSWER: conscientiousness
According to the Act Frequency Approach, the more prototypical that a behavior is of a trait,
__________. - CORRECT ANSWER: the more we attribute that trait to the acting person
Aggregation - CORRECT ANSWER: a. adding up multiple observations of personality.
"average"
Based on what other people have told you, you expect your new roommate to be quiet and shy.
As such, you are quiet and reserved around him, causing him to act quiet and shy himself.
This is an example of __________ in action. - CORRECT ANSWER: evocation
behavioral - CORRECT ANSWER: conditions, learned expectations
Behavioral Genetics - CORRECT ANSWER: Aims to determine degree of genetic basis (vs
environmental basis) for variability in behavior/trait/ability
Big 5 - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. Conscientiousness: how we control, direct, organize, regulate
our lives
2. Agreeableness: concern with cooperation and social harmony
3. Neuroticism: experience strong negative emotions
4. Openness: broad trait. Imaginative/creative people
,5. Extraversion: Engagement with the outside social world
biological - CORRECT ANSWER: inherited predispositions, physiological processes
Case studies are a useful research approach because they __________. - CORRECT ANSWER:
explore an individual in great depth
Cattell's Taxonomy - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. Used factor analysis to make more traits. Wasn't
very good
Chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER: Molecules of DNA in cell nucleus
-46 chromosomes, 23 pairs
Circumplex Taxonomy - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. "Circular personality model along 2
dimensions." Traits are dominant, hostile, submissive and friendly with many subcategories in
between
Circumplex trait taxonomies typically categorize traits along __________ dimensions. -
CORRECT ANSWER: 2
cognitive - CORRECT ANSWER: information processing
Correlation coefficient - CORRECT ANSWER: Statistic between -1 and +1 that indicates
direction and size of correlation
Describe the act frequency approach to defining traits. - CORRECT ANSWER: Act frequency
approach
a.Traits=categories of acts
b.More acts performed=stronger trait
, c.Prototypicality matters
d.Some members = "better" members of concept than others
e.Prototype: most typical example of a category
i.Closer to prototype=faster to identify, more confident in labeling object as part of concept
f.Act nomination (what kinds of rude people do and choose)--> prototypicality judgment (how
much of those actions qualify it as rude) -->act recording (observe and determine if person is
rude
Describe the lexical and statistical approaches to creating a trait taxonomy. - CORRECT
ANSWER: Lexical hypothesis: all important individual differences have been encoded in
language over time
-Meaningful difference noticed words invented to discuss differences
-"Natural selection for words"
Dizygotic twins share __________ of their genetic material. - CORRECT ANSWER: 50%
DNA - CORRECT ANSWER: Molecules that contain biochemical instructions for formation,
function of a person
Ellen considers herself to be a very blunt person. She speaks her mind, and doesn't hesitate to tell
others what she really thinks, even if it might upset them.
Based on this description, Ellen would likely score low on __________. - CORRECT ANSWER:
agreeableness
epigenetics - CORRECT ANSWER: System by which genes are activated/silenced by
environment
i. Genotype doesn't change but expression does
EXAM COMPLETE 220 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+ BRAND
NEW!!
__________ helps prevent order effects in an experiment. - CORRECT ANSWER:
Counterbalancing
__________ is the psychologist most closely associated with the trait perspective of personality.
- CORRECT ANSWER: Gordon Allport
__________ research is the type that is best suited to establish causation. - CORRECT
ANSWER: Experimental
6 components of temperament - CORRECT ANSWER: i. fearful distress/inhibition
ii. irritable distress
iii. attention span and persistence
iv. activity level
v. positive affect/approach orientation
vi. soothability
A __________ is the genetic material that an individual inherits, while a __________ is the
observable expression of that genetic material. - CORRECT ANSWER: genotype; phenotype
A __________ study is one that repeatedly tests the same group of participants over a long
period of time. - CORRECT ANSWER: longitudinal
,A person's level of self-esteem (high vs. low) is __________ correlated with self-esteem
variability (stable vs. fragile). - CORRECT ANSWER: not
A personality test that gives very inconsistent results would be said to have low __________. -
CORRECT ANSWER: reliability
According to research presented in class, __________ is the Big Five trait that is the best
predictor of workplace performance. - CORRECT ANSWER: conscientiousness
According to the Act Frequency Approach, the more prototypical that a behavior is of a trait,
__________. - CORRECT ANSWER: the more we attribute that trait to the acting person
Aggregation - CORRECT ANSWER: a. adding up multiple observations of personality.
"average"
Based on what other people have told you, you expect your new roommate to be quiet and shy.
As such, you are quiet and reserved around him, causing him to act quiet and shy himself.
This is an example of __________ in action. - CORRECT ANSWER: evocation
behavioral - CORRECT ANSWER: conditions, learned expectations
Behavioral Genetics - CORRECT ANSWER: Aims to determine degree of genetic basis (vs
environmental basis) for variability in behavior/trait/ability
Big 5 - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. Conscientiousness: how we control, direct, organize, regulate
our lives
2. Agreeableness: concern with cooperation and social harmony
3. Neuroticism: experience strong negative emotions
4. Openness: broad trait. Imaginative/creative people
,5. Extraversion: Engagement with the outside social world
biological - CORRECT ANSWER: inherited predispositions, physiological processes
Case studies are a useful research approach because they __________. - CORRECT ANSWER:
explore an individual in great depth
Cattell's Taxonomy - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. Used factor analysis to make more traits. Wasn't
very good
Chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER: Molecules of DNA in cell nucleus
-46 chromosomes, 23 pairs
Circumplex Taxonomy - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. "Circular personality model along 2
dimensions." Traits are dominant, hostile, submissive and friendly with many subcategories in
between
Circumplex trait taxonomies typically categorize traits along __________ dimensions. -
CORRECT ANSWER: 2
cognitive - CORRECT ANSWER: information processing
Correlation coefficient - CORRECT ANSWER: Statistic between -1 and +1 that indicates
direction and size of correlation
Describe the act frequency approach to defining traits. - CORRECT ANSWER: Act frequency
approach
a.Traits=categories of acts
b.More acts performed=stronger trait
, c.Prototypicality matters
d.Some members = "better" members of concept than others
e.Prototype: most typical example of a category
i.Closer to prototype=faster to identify, more confident in labeling object as part of concept
f.Act nomination (what kinds of rude people do and choose)--> prototypicality judgment (how
much of those actions qualify it as rude) -->act recording (observe and determine if person is
rude
Describe the lexical and statistical approaches to creating a trait taxonomy. - CORRECT
ANSWER: Lexical hypothesis: all important individual differences have been encoded in
language over time
-Meaningful difference noticed words invented to discuss differences
-"Natural selection for words"
Dizygotic twins share __________ of their genetic material. - CORRECT ANSWER: 50%
DNA - CORRECT ANSWER: Molecules that contain biochemical instructions for formation,
function of a person
Ellen considers herself to be a very blunt person. She speaks her mind, and doesn't hesitate to tell
others what she really thinks, even if it might upset them.
Based on this description, Ellen would likely score low on __________. - CORRECT ANSWER:
agreeableness
epigenetics - CORRECT ANSWER: System by which genes are activated/silenced by
environment
i. Genotype doesn't change but expression does
