ABSITE – ANORECTAL QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Anus Blood Supply - CORRECT ANSWER -artery - inferior rectal artery
vein, proximal to dentate - internal hemorrhoid plexus
vein, below dentate - external hemorrhoid plexus
Hemorrhoids - CORRECT ANSWER -hemorrhoid plexuses - leſt lateral, right anterior, right posterior
- radial appearance
*straining
- tx - fiber, stool soſteners, fluids
- Sitz baths
External Hemorrhoids - CORRECT ANSWER -- thrombosis --> pain
- swelling, itching
- tx <72 hrs --> lance
- tx >72 hrs --> elliptical excision
Internal Hemorrhoids - CORRECT ANSWER -- bleeding
- prolapse
Stage 1 - protrudes below dentate with strain
Stage 2 - prolapses and reduces spontaneously
Stage 3 - prolapse, reduces manually
Stage 4 - unable to reduce
- tx for Stage 1/2 - banding
, - tx for Stage 3/4 - resection, down to internal anal sphincter
Rectal Prolapse - CORRECT ANSWER -- starts 6-7 cm proximal from anal verge
- pudendal neuropathy, laxity of anal sphincters
- female gender, straining, chronic diarrhea, previous pregnancy, redundant sigmoid
- tx - high-fiber diet
- surgery - rectopexy
- rectopexy + LAR if constipation
- Altemeier if older/frail
AltemeierzProcedure
(perinealz rectosigmoidectomy)z -z CORRECTz ANSWERz --zlithotomyz position
- prolapsez rectum
- circularz incisionz throughz mucosaz 2z cmz proximalz toz dentatez line
- dissectz peritoneumz awayz fromz rectum
- ligatez mesorectum/mesosigmoid
- suturez peritoneumz toz anteriorz bowelz asz proximalz aszpossible
+/-zre-approximatez puborectalis
- incisez anteriorz redundantz bowelz 1z cmz distalz toz analz verge
- anchorz sutures
- resectz redundantz bowel
- colo-analz anastomosis
Condylomaz Acuminataz -z CORRECTz ANSWERz --z p/wz cauliflowerz mass
- duez toz HPV
- txz -z laserzsurgery
Analz Fissurez -z CORRECTz ANSWERz -=splitz inz anodermz fromz straining/constipation
- 90%z inz posteriorz midline
CORRECT ANSWERS
Anus Blood Supply - CORRECT ANSWER -artery - inferior rectal artery
vein, proximal to dentate - internal hemorrhoid plexus
vein, below dentate - external hemorrhoid plexus
Hemorrhoids - CORRECT ANSWER -hemorrhoid plexuses - leſt lateral, right anterior, right posterior
- radial appearance
*straining
- tx - fiber, stool soſteners, fluids
- Sitz baths
External Hemorrhoids - CORRECT ANSWER -- thrombosis --> pain
- swelling, itching
- tx <72 hrs --> lance
- tx >72 hrs --> elliptical excision
Internal Hemorrhoids - CORRECT ANSWER -- bleeding
- prolapse
Stage 1 - protrudes below dentate with strain
Stage 2 - prolapses and reduces spontaneously
Stage 3 - prolapse, reduces manually
Stage 4 - unable to reduce
- tx for Stage 1/2 - banding
, - tx for Stage 3/4 - resection, down to internal anal sphincter
Rectal Prolapse - CORRECT ANSWER -- starts 6-7 cm proximal from anal verge
- pudendal neuropathy, laxity of anal sphincters
- female gender, straining, chronic diarrhea, previous pregnancy, redundant sigmoid
- tx - high-fiber diet
- surgery - rectopexy
- rectopexy + LAR if constipation
- Altemeier if older/frail
AltemeierzProcedure
(perinealz rectosigmoidectomy)z -z CORRECTz ANSWERz --zlithotomyz position
- prolapsez rectum
- circularz incisionz throughz mucosaz 2z cmz proximalz toz dentatez line
- dissectz peritoneumz awayz fromz rectum
- ligatez mesorectum/mesosigmoid
- suturez peritoneumz toz anteriorz bowelz asz proximalz aszpossible
+/-zre-approximatez puborectalis
- incisez anteriorz redundantz bowelz 1z cmz distalz toz analz verge
- anchorz sutures
- resectz redundantz bowel
- colo-analz anastomosis
Condylomaz Acuminataz -z CORRECTz ANSWERz --z p/wz cauliflowerz mass
- duez toz HPV
- txz -z laserzsurgery
Analz Fissurez -z CORRECTz ANSWERz -=splitz inz anodermz fromz straining/constipation
- 90%z inz posteriorz midline