NSG 5442 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026/27 UPDATED 100%
CORRECT - SC.
200 QUESTIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Critically analyze complex patient data to Evaluate the ethical, legal, and policy
formulate differential diagnoses and dimensions of advanced nursing practice
Q1 - a patient with chronic heart Q24 - patient with a history of
Q2 - nurse practitioner is reviewing the Q25 - ventilator setting adjustment is most
Q3 - a community health program, the Q26 - patient with septic shock remains
Q4 - nurse practitioner is conducting a Q27 - assessment finding is most indicative
Q5 - patient with a diagnosis of Q28 - For a patient with hyperkalemia
Q6 - nurse practitioner is leading a Q29 - patient with cirrhosis and ascites
Q7 - of the following ethical frameworks Q30 - finding is most consistent with
Q8 - nurse practitioner is interpreting arterial Q31 - a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis,
Q9 - a patient with treatment-resistant depres... Q32 - nurse educator is explaining the
Q10 - nurse practitioner is evaluating a Q33 - pathophysiological mechanism is most resp...
Q11 - 68-year-old patient with type 2 Q34 - patient receiving a continuous infusion
Q12 - a patient with suspected acute Q35 - ventilator waveform finding is most
Q13 - 52-year-old patient with cirrhosis (Child... Q36 - finding is the earliest and
Q14 - 74-year-old patient with severe symptomatic Q37 - pharmacokinetic alteration most significa...
Q15 - 45-year-old with a history of Q38 - patient on a ketogenic diet
Q16 - 32-year-old woman with systemic lupus Q39 - electrocardiographic finding is most spec...
Q17 - 60-year-old with nonischemic cardiomyopat... Q40 - patient with acute respiratory distress
Q18 - 28-year-old with severe asthma is Q41 - a multivariate model, a nurse
Q19 - 47-year-old with type 2 diabetes Q42 - nurse-led quality improvement project red...
Q20 - 35-year-old with recurrent unprovoked venous Q43 - ethical principle is most directly
Q21 - a patient with suspected acute Q44 - hospital policy requires barcode verifica...
Q22 - patient on a continuous heparin Q45 - nurse educator is developing a
Q23 - For a patient with severe Q46 - a cohort study, the crude
Page 1
,Integrate current evidence and research to 27 Updated 100% Correct
optimize patient outcomes in diverse Q91 - a patient with suspected acute
Q47 - nurse wants to measure 'medication Q92 - ventilator setting adjustment is most
Q48 - a meta-analysis of nursing interventions Q93 - patient with cirrhosis and ascites
Q49 - quality improvement team uses a Q94 - laboratory value is most consistent
Q50 - study reports a hazard ratio Q95 - assessment finding is most indicative
Q51 - patient with end-stage renal disease Q96 - hemodynamic parameter is most consistent
Q52 - a patient with refractory septic Q97 - For a patient with severe
Q53 - pharmacokinetic parameter is most signifi... Q98 - finding indicates that a patient
Q54 - nurse practitioner is evaluating a Q99 - intervention is most likely to
Q55 - ethical principle is primarily challenged Q100 - patient develops acute delirium in
Q56 - patient with type 2 diabetes Q101 - patient with chronic kidney disease
Q57 - of the following best describes Q102 - study reports a relative risk
Q58 - patient on vancomycin has a Q103 - pathophysiological mechanism primarily ex...
Q59 - a patient with opioid use Q104 - nurse practitioner is considering a
Q60 - patient with heart failure with Q105 - a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis,
Q61 - advanced practice nursing, which ethical Q106 - ethical principle is most directly
Q62 - nurse practitioner is interpreting a Q107 - patient on warfarin presents with
Q63 - pathophysiological mechanism best explain... Q108 - assessment finding is most indicative
Q64 - pharmacokinetic parameter is most likely Q109 - medication is contraindicated in a
Q65 - a community health assessment, which Q110 - postpartum patient develops a pulmonary
Q66 - finding is most indicative of Q111 - patient presents with acute severe
Q67 - patient with type 2 diabetes Q112 - assessment finding is most indicative
Q68 - ethical principle is primarily being
Foundations of Nursing (Advanced Practice)
NSG 5442 Final Exam Questions and Q113 - patient has just returned from
Answers 2026 Q114 - patient with a history of
Q69 - a randomized controlled trial, which Q115 - laboratory value is most consistent
Q70 - patient presents with a blood Q116 - patient with septic shock has
Q71 - a patient with compensated heart Q117 - finding is most concerning in
Q72 - 5-year-old child presents with a Q118 - patient is receiving a continuous
Q73 - patient with chronic kidney disease Q119 - patient with acute pancreatitis develops
Q74 - patient with type 2 diabetes Q120 - patient is receiving a blood
Q75 - patient with an acute exacerbation Q121 - the context of advanced practice
Q76 - patient with sepsis is receiving Q122 - 68-year-old patient with atrial fibrillation
Q77 - postoperative patient develops sudden sho... Q123 - of the following best describes
Q78 - patient with atrial fibrillation is Q124 - a patient with type 2
Q79 - patient with severe sepsis is Q125 - nurse practitioner is evaluating a
Q80 - patient with chronic heart failure Q126 - patient on vancomycin has a
Q81 - a patient with suspected acute Q127 - of the following best exemplifies
Q82 - ethical principle is most directly Q128 - a patient with acute pancreatitis,
Q83 - randomized controlled trial reports a Q129 - 45-year-old patient with a history
Q84 - adjusting a patient's warfarin dose, Q130 - ethical principle is most directly
Q85 - pathophysiological mechanism best explain... Q131 - nurse is evaluating the effectiveness
Q86 - patient with chronic kidney disease Q132 - a patient with suspected sepsis,
Q87 - finding is most indicative of Q133 - nurse is assessing a client
Q88 - patient education point is essential Q134 - nursing home resident with advanced
Q89 - finding is most consistent with
Q90 - intervention is most appropriate for
Page 2
,Applied Nursing (Advanced Practice) Nursing (Advanced Practice) Review
Q135 - nurse is calculating the dose Q179 - of the following is the
Q136 - nurse is providing discharge teaching Q180 - patient with end-stage renal disease
Q137 - nurse is caring for a Q181 - a patient with refractory septic
Q138 - nurse is reviewing the medication Q182 - finding on an electrocardiogram (ECG)
Q139 - nurse is evaluating a patient's Q183 - patient on a continuous infusion
Q140 - nurse is providing end-of-life care Q184 - laboratory finding is most consistent
Q141 - a patient with suspected acute Q185 - patient with atrial fibrillation and
Q142 - patient with atrial fibrillation and Q186 - finding on a chest radiograph
Q143 - patient with type 2 diabetes Q187 - patient with acute pancreatitis develops
Q144 - a patient with acute decompensated Q188 - ventilator setting change is most
Q145 - patient with severe sepsis is Q189 - intervention has been shown to
Q146 - patient with community-acquired pneumonia is Q190 - patient on a norepinephrine infusion
Q147 - patient with acute pancreatitis has Q191 - a patient with acute respiratory
Q148 - patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary Q192 - finding is most indicative of
Q149 - patient with acute ischemic stroke Q193 - patient with cirrhosis and acute
Q150 - patient with sepsis and acute Q194 - hemodynamic parameter is most reliable
Q151 - a patient with chronic kidney Q195 - For a patient with severe
Q152 - patient presents with acute onset Q196 - a patient with suspected acute
Q153 - ethical principle is most directly Q197 - laboratory value is most consistent
Q154 - 45-year-old patient with hypertension is Q198 - intervention is most likely to
Q155 - of the following best describes Q199 - a patient with acute pancreatitis,
Q156 - of the following represents a Q200 - of the following is the
Advanced Nursing (Advanced Practice)
Q157 - of the following best exemplifies
Q158 - patient with type 2 diabetes
Q159 - of the following represents the
Q160 - of the following best describes
Q161 - a patient with refractory septic
Q162 - pathophysiological mechanism best explain...
Q163 - patient with severe metabolic acidosis
Q164 - finding on a transesophageal echocardiogram
Q165 - statement correctly reflects the 2023
Q166 - cluster of findings most strongly
Q167 - the management of a patient
Q168 - finding is most consistent with
Q169 - combination of ventilator settings is
Q170 - patient on vancomycin for methicillin-res...
Q171 - patient with type 2 diabetes
Q172 - a patient with suspected acute
Q173 - nurse is evaluating a patient
Q174 - patient is receiving an intravenous
Q175 - laboratory value is most indicative
Q176 - patient with acute pancreatitis develops
Q177 - patient with chronic heart failure
Q178 - patient with septic shock remains
Page 3
, Q1 CRITICALLY ANALYZE COMPLEX PATIENT DATA TO FORMULATE DIFFERENTIAL
DIAGNOSES AND TREATMENT PLANS
In a patient with chronic heart failure, the nurse practitioner notes a new onset of
atrial fibrillation. Which of the following pathophysiological mechanisms most
directly explains the increased risk of thromboembolism in this setting?
A. Loss of atrial contraction leading to blood stasis in the atria CORRECT
B. Increased platelet aggregation due to sympathetic activation
C. Endothelial injury from elevated ventricular filling pressures
D. Hypercoagulability from hepatic congestion and reduced anticoagulant synthesis
RATIONALE: Atrial fibrillation results in ineffective atrial contraction, causing blood stasis in the
atria, particularly the left atrial appendage, which predisposes to thrombus formation. While
sympathetic activation and endothelial injury can contribute, the loss of atrial mechanical activity
is the primary mechanism. Hepatic congestion is not a direct cause of hypercoagulability.
Q2 CRITICALLY ANALYZE COMPLEX PATIENT DATA TO FORMULATE DIFFERENTIAL
DIAGNOSES AND TREATMENT PLANS
A nurse practitioner is reviewing the pharmacodynamics of a newly approved
medication for type 2 diabetes. The drug is a GLP-1 receptor agonist. Which of the
following effects is most likely to be observed in a patient with preserved renal
function?
A. Increased glucagon secretion during hyperglycemia
B. Delayed gastric emptying and increased satiety CORRECT
C. Direct stimulation of pancreatic beta-cell proliferation
D. Inhibition of renal glucose reabsorption via SGLT2
RATIONALE: GLP-1 receptor agonists slow gastric emptying, enhance glucose-dependent
insulin secretion, suppress glucagon, and promote satiety. They do not directly stimulate beta-cell
proliferation in clinical use. SGLT2 inhibition is the mechanism of a different drug class. Glucagon
secretion is suppressed, not increased.
Page 4
ANSWERS 2026/27 UPDATED 100%
CORRECT - SC.
200 QUESTIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Critically analyze complex patient data to Evaluate the ethical, legal, and policy
formulate differential diagnoses and dimensions of advanced nursing practice
Q1 - a patient with chronic heart Q24 - patient with a history of
Q2 - nurse practitioner is reviewing the Q25 - ventilator setting adjustment is most
Q3 - a community health program, the Q26 - patient with septic shock remains
Q4 - nurse practitioner is conducting a Q27 - assessment finding is most indicative
Q5 - patient with a diagnosis of Q28 - For a patient with hyperkalemia
Q6 - nurse practitioner is leading a Q29 - patient with cirrhosis and ascites
Q7 - of the following ethical frameworks Q30 - finding is most consistent with
Q8 - nurse practitioner is interpreting arterial Q31 - a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis,
Q9 - a patient with treatment-resistant depres... Q32 - nurse educator is explaining the
Q10 - nurse practitioner is evaluating a Q33 - pathophysiological mechanism is most resp...
Q11 - 68-year-old patient with type 2 Q34 - patient receiving a continuous infusion
Q12 - a patient with suspected acute Q35 - ventilator waveform finding is most
Q13 - 52-year-old patient with cirrhosis (Child... Q36 - finding is the earliest and
Q14 - 74-year-old patient with severe symptomatic Q37 - pharmacokinetic alteration most significa...
Q15 - 45-year-old with a history of Q38 - patient on a ketogenic diet
Q16 - 32-year-old woman with systemic lupus Q39 - electrocardiographic finding is most spec...
Q17 - 60-year-old with nonischemic cardiomyopat... Q40 - patient with acute respiratory distress
Q18 - 28-year-old with severe asthma is Q41 - a multivariate model, a nurse
Q19 - 47-year-old with type 2 diabetes Q42 - nurse-led quality improvement project red...
Q20 - 35-year-old with recurrent unprovoked venous Q43 - ethical principle is most directly
Q21 - a patient with suspected acute Q44 - hospital policy requires barcode verifica...
Q22 - patient on a continuous heparin Q45 - nurse educator is developing a
Q23 - For a patient with severe Q46 - a cohort study, the crude
Page 1
,Integrate current evidence and research to 27 Updated 100% Correct
optimize patient outcomes in diverse Q91 - a patient with suspected acute
Q47 - nurse wants to measure 'medication Q92 - ventilator setting adjustment is most
Q48 - a meta-analysis of nursing interventions Q93 - patient with cirrhosis and ascites
Q49 - quality improvement team uses a Q94 - laboratory value is most consistent
Q50 - study reports a hazard ratio Q95 - assessment finding is most indicative
Q51 - patient with end-stage renal disease Q96 - hemodynamic parameter is most consistent
Q52 - a patient with refractory septic Q97 - For a patient with severe
Q53 - pharmacokinetic parameter is most signifi... Q98 - finding indicates that a patient
Q54 - nurse practitioner is evaluating a Q99 - intervention is most likely to
Q55 - ethical principle is primarily challenged Q100 - patient develops acute delirium in
Q56 - patient with type 2 diabetes Q101 - patient with chronic kidney disease
Q57 - of the following best describes Q102 - study reports a relative risk
Q58 - patient on vancomycin has a Q103 - pathophysiological mechanism primarily ex...
Q59 - a patient with opioid use Q104 - nurse practitioner is considering a
Q60 - patient with heart failure with Q105 - a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis,
Q61 - advanced practice nursing, which ethical Q106 - ethical principle is most directly
Q62 - nurse practitioner is interpreting a Q107 - patient on warfarin presents with
Q63 - pathophysiological mechanism best explain... Q108 - assessment finding is most indicative
Q64 - pharmacokinetic parameter is most likely Q109 - medication is contraindicated in a
Q65 - a community health assessment, which Q110 - postpartum patient develops a pulmonary
Q66 - finding is most indicative of Q111 - patient presents with acute severe
Q67 - patient with type 2 diabetes Q112 - assessment finding is most indicative
Q68 - ethical principle is primarily being
Foundations of Nursing (Advanced Practice)
NSG 5442 Final Exam Questions and Q113 - patient has just returned from
Answers 2026 Q114 - patient with a history of
Q69 - a randomized controlled trial, which Q115 - laboratory value is most consistent
Q70 - patient presents with a blood Q116 - patient with septic shock has
Q71 - a patient with compensated heart Q117 - finding is most concerning in
Q72 - 5-year-old child presents with a Q118 - patient is receiving a continuous
Q73 - patient with chronic kidney disease Q119 - patient with acute pancreatitis develops
Q74 - patient with type 2 diabetes Q120 - patient is receiving a blood
Q75 - patient with an acute exacerbation Q121 - the context of advanced practice
Q76 - patient with sepsis is receiving Q122 - 68-year-old patient with atrial fibrillation
Q77 - postoperative patient develops sudden sho... Q123 - of the following best describes
Q78 - patient with atrial fibrillation is Q124 - a patient with type 2
Q79 - patient with severe sepsis is Q125 - nurse practitioner is evaluating a
Q80 - patient with chronic heart failure Q126 - patient on vancomycin has a
Q81 - a patient with suspected acute Q127 - of the following best exemplifies
Q82 - ethical principle is most directly Q128 - a patient with acute pancreatitis,
Q83 - randomized controlled trial reports a Q129 - 45-year-old patient with a history
Q84 - adjusting a patient's warfarin dose, Q130 - ethical principle is most directly
Q85 - pathophysiological mechanism best explain... Q131 - nurse is evaluating the effectiveness
Q86 - patient with chronic kidney disease Q132 - a patient with suspected sepsis,
Q87 - finding is most indicative of Q133 - nurse is assessing a client
Q88 - patient education point is essential Q134 - nursing home resident with advanced
Q89 - finding is most consistent with
Q90 - intervention is most appropriate for
Page 2
,Applied Nursing (Advanced Practice) Nursing (Advanced Practice) Review
Q135 - nurse is calculating the dose Q179 - of the following is the
Q136 - nurse is providing discharge teaching Q180 - patient with end-stage renal disease
Q137 - nurse is caring for a Q181 - a patient with refractory septic
Q138 - nurse is reviewing the medication Q182 - finding on an electrocardiogram (ECG)
Q139 - nurse is evaluating a patient's Q183 - patient on a continuous infusion
Q140 - nurse is providing end-of-life care Q184 - laboratory finding is most consistent
Q141 - a patient with suspected acute Q185 - patient with atrial fibrillation and
Q142 - patient with atrial fibrillation and Q186 - finding on a chest radiograph
Q143 - patient with type 2 diabetes Q187 - patient with acute pancreatitis develops
Q144 - a patient with acute decompensated Q188 - ventilator setting change is most
Q145 - patient with severe sepsis is Q189 - intervention has been shown to
Q146 - patient with community-acquired pneumonia is Q190 - patient on a norepinephrine infusion
Q147 - patient with acute pancreatitis has Q191 - a patient with acute respiratory
Q148 - patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary Q192 - finding is most indicative of
Q149 - patient with acute ischemic stroke Q193 - patient with cirrhosis and acute
Q150 - patient with sepsis and acute Q194 - hemodynamic parameter is most reliable
Q151 - a patient with chronic kidney Q195 - For a patient with severe
Q152 - patient presents with acute onset Q196 - a patient with suspected acute
Q153 - ethical principle is most directly Q197 - laboratory value is most consistent
Q154 - 45-year-old patient with hypertension is Q198 - intervention is most likely to
Q155 - of the following best describes Q199 - a patient with acute pancreatitis,
Q156 - of the following represents a Q200 - of the following is the
Advanced Nursing (Advanced Practice)
Q157 - of the following best exemplifies
Q158 - patient with type 2 diabetes
Q159 - of the following represents the
Q160 - of the following best describes
Q161 - a patient with refractory septic
Q162 - pathophysiological mechanism best explain...
Q163 - patient with severe metabolic acidosis
Q164 - finding on a transesophageal echocardiogram
Q165 - statement correctly reflects the 2023
Q166 - cluster of findings most strongly
Q167 - the management of a patient
Q168 - finding is most consistent with
Q169 - combination of ventilator settings is
Q170 - patient on vancomycin for methicillin-res...
Q171 - patient with type 2 diabetes
Q172 - a patient with suspected acute
Q173 - nurse is evaluating a patient
Q174 - patient is receiving an intravenous
Q175 - laboratory value is most indicative
Q176 - patient with acute pancreatitis develops
Q177 - patient with chronic heart failure
Q178 - patient with septic shock remains
Page 3
, Q1 CRITICALLY ANALYZE COMPLEX PATIENT DATA TO FORMULATE DIFFERENTIAL
DIAGNOSES AND TREATMENT PLANS
In a patient with chronic heart failure, the nurse practitioner notes a new onset of
atrial fibrillation. Which of the following pathophysiological mechanisms most
directly explains the increased risk of thromboembolism in this setting?
A. Loss of atrial contraction leading to blood stasis in the atria CORRECT
B. Increased platelet aggregation due to sympathetic activation
C. Endothelial injury from elevated ventricular filling pressures
D. Hypercoagulability from hepatic congestion and reduced anticoagulant synthesis
RATIONALE: Atrial fibrillation results in ineffective atrial contraction, causing blood stasis in the
atria, particularly the left atrial appendage, which predisposes to thrombus formation. While
sympathetic activation and endothelial injury can contribute, the loss of atrial mechanical activity
is the primary mechanism. Hepatic congestion is not a direct cause of hypercoagulability.
Q2 CRITICALLY ANALYZE COMPLEX PATIENT DATA TO FORMULATE DIFFERENTIAL
DIAGNOSES AND TREATMENT PLANS
A nurse practitioner is reviewing the pharmacodynamics of a newly approved
medication for type 2 diabetes. The drug is a GLP-1 receptor agonist. Which of the
following effects is most likely to be observed in a patient with preserved renal
function?
A. Increased glucagon secretion during hyperglycemia
B. Delayed gastric emptying and increased satiety CORRECT
C. Direct stimulation of pancreatic beta-cell proliferation
D. Inhibition of renal glucose reabsorption via SGLT2
RATIONALE: GLP-1 receptor agonists slow gastric emptying, enhance glucose-dependent
insulin secretion, suppress glucagon, and promote satiety. They do not directly stimulate beta-cell
proliferation in clinical use. SGLT2 inhibition is the mechanism of a different drug class. Glucagon
secretion is suppressed, not increased.
Page 4
