BSC 108 COMPREHENSIVE ANSWERS AND
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔What are the 3 types of chemical bonds? - ✔✔ionic, covalent, hydrogen
✔✔How are ionic bonds form? - ✔✔Attraction of positive and negative ions
✔✔How are covalent bonds form? - ✔✔Sharing electrons between atoms
✔✔How are hydrogen bonds form? - ✔✔Unequal sharing of electrons
✔✔Which bond is the strongest,weakest? - ✔✔Covalent bonds are the strongest
Hydrogen bonds are the weakest
✔✔How does the hydrogen bond contribute to the properties of water? - ✔✔High heat
of vaporization and ice formation
✔✔Why is the chemistry of life water chemistry? - ✔✔Life only occurs where liquid
water is present
✔✔What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond? - ✔✔Ionic
bonds are between a metal and a nonmetal
Covalent bonds are only between 2 nonmetals
✔✔In a chemical reaction what is the beginning material known as? - ✔✔Reactants
✔✔In a chemical reaction what is the ending material referred to as? - ✔✔Products
✔✔Why can water absorb a lot of heat? - ✔✔Water has high heat capacity
✔✔Why does ice float? - ✔✔Due to the formation of a crystalline structure
, ✔✔Why is ice less dense? - ✔✔It has fewer molecules
✔✔What is the ecological importance of ice floating? - ✔✔It is important to aquatic
organisms
✔✔What's the difference between a solution, solvent, and solute? - ✔✔A solution is a
homogenous mixture of two or more substances
A solvent is the dissolving agent of a solution
A solute is the dissolved substance
✔✔What is a pH? - ✔✔A measure of how acidic/basic something is
✔✔What does pH affect? - ✔✔Shape of protein, how rapidly chemical reactions take
place, how molecules are transported across membranes
✔✔What is an acid? - ✔✔Having a pH less than 7
✔✔What is a base? - ✔✔Having a pH more than 7
✔✔Give 2 examples of acids - ✔✔tomato and lemon juice
✔✔Give 2 examples of bases - ✔✔ammonia and oven cleaner
✔✔What is a hydrolysis reaction? - ✔✔A process where by polymers are disassembled
to monomers. "Breaks with water"
✔✔What is a dehydration reaction? - ✔✔2 molecules are covalently bonded to each
other through loss of a water molecule
✔✔What are the 4 basic macromolecules? - ✔✔Proteins, lipids, nucleic acid,
carbohydrates
✔✔What are the characteristics of protein? - ✔✔Structural protein, storage protein,
contractile protein, transport protein, and enzymes
✔✔What are the characteristics of lipids? - ✔✔Complex group of molecules,
hydrophobic, 3 different types
✔✔What are the 3 different types of lipids? - ✔✔Triglycerides, phospholipids, and
steroids
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔What are the 3 types of chemical bonds? - ✔✔ionic, covalent, hydrogen
✔✔How are ionic bonds form? - ✔✔Attraction of positive and negative ions
✔✔How are covalent bonds form? - ✔✔Sharing electrons between atoms
✔✔How are hydrogen bonds form? - ✔✔Unequal sharing of electrons
✔✔Which bond is the strongest,weakest? - ✔✔Covalent bonds are the strongest
Hydrogen bonds are the weakest
✔✔How does the hydrogen bond contribute to the properties of water? - ✔✔High heat
of vaporization and ice formation
✔✔Why is the chemistry of life water chemistry? - ✔✔Life only occurs where liquid
water is present
✔✔What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond? - ✔✔Ionic
bonds are between a metal and a nonmetal
Covalent bonds are only between 2 nonmetals
✔✔In a chemical reaction what is the beginning material known as? - ✔✔Reactants
✔✔In a chemical reaction what is the ending material referred to as? - ✔✔Products
✔✔Why can water absorb a lot of heat? - ✔✔Water has high heat capacity
✔✔Why does ice float? - ✔✔Due to the formation of a crystalline structure
, ✔✔Why is ice less dense? - ✔✔It has fewer molecules
✔✔What is the ecological importance of ice floating? - ✔✔It is important to aquatic
organisms
✔✔What's the difference between a solution, solvent, and solute? - ✔✔A solution is a
homogenous mixture of two or more substances
A solvent is the dissolving agent of a solution
A solute is the dissolved substance
✔✔What is a pH? - ✔✔A measure of how acidic/basic something is
✔✔What does pH affect? - ✔✔Shape of protein, how rapidly chemical reactions take
place, how molecules are transported across membranes
✔✔What is an acid? - ✔✔Having a pH less than 7
✔✔What is a base? - ✔✔Having a pH more than 7
✔✔Give 2 examples of acids - ✔✔tomato and lemon juice
✔✔Give 2 examples of bases - ✔✔ammonia and oven cleaner
✔✔What is a hydrolysis reaction? - ✔✔A process where by polymers are disassembled
to monomers. "Breaks with water"
✔✔What is a dehydration reaction? - ✔✔2 molecules are covalently bonded to each
other through loss of a water molecule
✔✔What are the 4 basic macromolecules? - ✔✔Proteins, lipids, nucleic acid,
carbohydrates
✔✔What are the characteristics of protein? - ✔✔Structural protein, storage protein,
contractile protein, transport protein, and enzymes
✔✔What are the characteristics of lipids? - ✔✔Complex group of molecules,
hydrophobic, 3 different types
✔✔What are the 3 different types of lipids? - ✔✔Triglycerides, phospholipids, and
steroids
