WGU D426 V3 DATA MANAGEMENT
FOUNDATIONS FINAL EXAM PREP
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Which key consists of a minimal set of attributes that can uniquely identify a tuple in a
relation?
A. Candidate key
B. Super key
C. Foreign key
D. Composite key
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: A candidate key is a minimal super key, meaning no subset of its
attributes can uniquely identify the rows.
2. In the context of the relational model, what does ‘referential integrity’ ensure?
A. A primary key cannot be null.
B. A foreign key must match an existing primary key value or be null.
C. Every table must have a unique index.
,D. Data types must match across all columns in a join.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Referential integrity ensures that relationships between tables
remain consistent by requiring foreign keys to point to valid primary keys.
3. Which normal form addresses the issue of partial functional dependencies?
A. First Normal Form (1NF)
B. Second Normal Form (2NF)
C. Third Normal Form (3NF)
D. Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: 2NF requires that all non-prime attributes are fully functionally
dependent on the whole primary key, thus removing partial dependencies.
4. A table is in 3NF if it is in 2NF and which of the following conditions is met?
A. It contains no multi-valued attributes.
B. It contains no transitive dependencies.
C. It contains no partial dependencies.
D. Every determinant is a candidate key.
Answer: B
, Conceptual Explanation: Third Normal Form (3NF) requires the removal of transitive
dependencies, where a non-key attribute depends on another non-key attribute.
5. Which SQL command is used to remove all records from a table without deleting the table
structure itself, and is generally not logged for each row?
A. DELETE
B. DROP
C. TRUNCATE
D. REMOVE
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: TRUNCATE is a DDL command that removes all rows from a
table quickly and usually resets auto-increment counters, unlike DELETE which is DML.
6. In an ERD using Crow’s Foot notation, what does a dashed line between two entities
typically represent?
A. An identifying relationship
B. A recursive relationship
C. A mandatory relationship
D. A non-identifying relationship
Answer: D
FOUNDATIONS FINAL EXAM PREP
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Which key consists of a minimal set of attributes that can uniquely identify a tuple in a
relation?
A. Candidate key
B. Super key
C. Foreign key
D. Composite key
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: A candidate key is a minimal super key, meaning no subset of its
attributes can uniquely identify the rows.
2. In the context of the relational model, what does ‘referential integrity’ ensure?
A. A primary key cannot be null.
B. A foreign key must match an existing primary key value or be null.
C. Every table must have a unique index.
,D. Data types must match across all columns in a join.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Referential integrity ensures that relationships between tables
remain consistent by requiring foreign keys to point to valid primary keys.
3. Which normal form addresses the issue of partial functional dependencies?
A. First Normal Form (1NF)
B. Second Normal Form (2NF)
C. Third Normal Form (3NF)
D. Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: 2NF requires that all non-prime attributes are fully functionally
dependent on the whole primary key, thus removing partial dependencies.
4. A table is in 3NF if it is in 2NF and which of the following conditions is met?
A. It contains no multi-valued attributes.
B. It contains no transitive dependencies.
C. It contains no partial dependencies.
D. Every determinant is a candidate key.
Answer: B
, Conceptual Explanation: Third Normal Form (3NF) requires the removal of transitive
dependencies, where a non-key attribute depends on another non-key attribute.
5. Which SQL command is used to remove all records from a table without deleting the table
structure itself, and is generally not logged for each row?
A. DELETE
B. DROP
C. TRUNCATE
D. REMOVE
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: TRUNCATE is a DDL command that removes all rows from a
table quickly and usually resets auto-increment counters, unlike DELETE which is DML.
6. In an ERD using Crow’s Foot notation, what does a dashed line between two entities
typically represent?
A. An identifying relationship
B. A recursive relationship
C. A mandatory relationship
D. A non-identifying relationship
Answer: D
