WGU D426 V3 DATA MANAGEMENT
FOUNDATIONS COMPREHENSIVE
ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
1. Which normal form specifically addresses the issue of transitive dependencies?
A. Third Normal Form (3NF)
B. Second Normal Form (2NF)
C. First Normal Form (1NF)
D. Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Third Normal Form (3NF) requires that all non-key attributes be
dependent only on the primary key, effectively eliminating transitive dependencies.
2. In an Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD), what does a dashed line between two entities
typically represent?
A. A recursive relationship
B. An identifying relationship
,C. A many-to-many relationship
D. A non-identifying relationship
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: A dashed line in Crow’s Foot notation represents a non-
identifying relationship where the child entity can exist independently of the parent.
3. Which SQL statement is used to remove all records from a table without logging individual
row deletions?
A. DELETE
B. DROP
C. TRUNCATE
D. REMOVE
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: TRUNCATE is a DDL operation that removes all rows from a
table and is generally faster than DELETE because it does not log each row deletion.
4. Which type of key is a minimal set of attributes that uniquely identifies a tuple in a
relation?
A. Superkey
B. Secondary Key
C. Foreign Key
, D. Candidate Key
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: A candidate key is a minimal superkey, meaning it has no
redundant attributes for uniquely identifying rows.
5. What occurs when a non-key attribute depends on only part of a composite primary key?
A. Transitive dependency
B. Partial dependency
C. Multivalued dependency
D. Functional dependency
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Partial dependency occurs when an attribute is functionally
dependent on only part of a composite key, violating 2NF.
6. Which SQL clause is used to filter results after an aggregation has been performed?
A. WHERE
B. ORDER BY
C. GROUP BY
D. HAVING
Answer: D
FOUNDATIONS COMPREHENSIVE
ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
1. Which normal form specifically addresses the issue of transitive dependencies?
A. Third Normal Form (3NF)
B. Second Normal Form (2NF)
C. First Normal Form (1NF)
D. Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Third Normal Form (3NF) requires that all non-key attributes be
dependent only on the primary key, effectively eliminating transitive dependencies.
2. In an Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD), what does a dashed line between two entities
typically represent?
A. A recursive relationship
B. An identifying relationship
,C. A many-to-many relationship
D. A non-identifying relationship
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: A dashed line in Crow’s Foot notation represents a non-
identifying relationship where the child entity can exist independently of the parent.
3. Which SQL statement is used to remove all records from a table without logging individual
row deletions?
A. DELETE
B. DROP
C. TRUNCATE
D. REMOVE
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: TRUNCATE is a DDL operation that removes all rows from a
table and is generally faster than DELETE because it does not log each row deletion.
4. Which type of key is a minimal set of attributes that uniquely identifies a tuple in a
relation?
A. Superkey
B. Secondary Key
C. Foreign Key
, D. Candidate Key
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: A candidate key is a minimal superkey, meaning it has no
redundant attributes for uniquely identifying rows.
5. What occurs when a non-key attribute depends on only part of a composite primary key?
A. Transitive dependency
B. Partial dependency
C. Multivalued dependency
D. Functional dependency
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Partial dependency occurs when an attribute is functionally
dependent on only part of a composite key, violating 2NF.
6. Which SQL clause is used to filter results after an aggregation has been performed?
A. WHERE
B. ORDER BY
C. GROUP BY
D. HAVING
Answer: D
