NUR 114 Fundamentals of Nursing - Exam 2 (High Di… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
✓ VERIFIED • 2026/2027 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NUR 114 Fundamentals of Nursing - Exam 2 (High Difficulty)
2026/2027 UPDATE
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS
with Clear, Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations) / Study Guide
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Rationales
Grade: A+ Assured
ASSURED GRADE A+
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 1
,NUR 114 Fundamentals of Nursing - Exam 2 (High Di… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A client is admitted with a serum potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L. Which assessment finding
is most critical for the nurse to address immediately?
A. Hyperactive bowel sounds and abdominal cramping
B. Hyperreflexia and muscle twitching
C. Prominent U waves and depressed ST segments on the ECG
D. Tall, peaked T waves on the cardiac monitor
Answer: C
Rationale: Hypokalemia (potassium < 3.5 mEq/L) causes cardiac instability, characterized by U waves
and ST depression. Tall peaked T waves are a sign of hyperkalemia. This is important because the
nurse must choose the action that keeps the client safest while still meeting their basic needs. Always
think about safety first when answering these questions. Remembering this point will help you decide
the best nursing action when similar questions appear on the exam. Link the answer to the client’s
current condition and risk level.
2. A patient’s arterial blood gas (ABG) results are: pH 7.25, PaCO2 50 mmHg, and HCO3 24
mEq/L. How should the nurse interpret these findings?
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis
Answer: A
Rationale: A pH below 7.35 indicates acidosis. The elevated PaCO2 (>45 mmHg) matches the
acidotic pH, indicating a respiratory origin. Remembering this point will help you decide the best
nursing action when similar questions appear on the exam. Link the answer to the client’s current
condition and risk level. Clear understanding of this concept improves both test performance and
everyday clinical judgment. Practice applying it to short case scenarios to lock the idea in place.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 2
, NUR 114 Fundamentals of Nursing - Exam 2 (High Di… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
3. The nurse is caring for a patient with a Stage 3 pressure injury. Which description best
matches this stage?
A. Full-thickness skin loss involving damage to subcutaneous tissue that may extend to the fascia.
B. Non-blanchable erythema of intact skin.
C. Partial-thickness loss of dermis presenting as a shallow open ulcer.
D. Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon, or muscle.
Answer: A
Rationale: Stage 3 involves full-thickness skin loss where subcutaneous fat may be visible, but
bone/tendon/muscle are not. Stage 4 involves exposed bone/muscle. This is important because the
nurse must choose the action that keeps the client safest while still meeting their basic needs. Always
think about safety first when answering these questions. Remembering this point will help you decide
the best nursing action when similar questions appear on the exam. Link the answer to the client’s
current condition and risk level.
4. When performing tracheostomy suctioning, which action by the nurse is essential to
prevent hypoxia?
A. Suction for at least 20 seconds to ensure a clear airway.
B. Hyperoxygenate the patient with 100% oxygen before the procedure.
C. Apply suction while inserting the catheter into the trachea.
D. Maintain a suction pressure between 150 and 200 mmHg.
Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperoxygenation is critical to prevent a drop in oxygen saturation during suctioning.
Suction should never exceed 15 seconds or be applied during insertion. This knowledge supports safe
care and helps the nurse teach the client and family clearly and simply. Clear teaching improves
cooperation and reduces anxiety. Exam questions often test whether you can pick the most practical
and safe choice for the client in real situations. Focus on what the nurse can actually do right now.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 3
✓ VERIFIED • 2026/2027 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NUR 114 Fundamentals of Nursing - Exam 2 (High Difficulty)
2026/2027 UPDATE
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS
with Clear, Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations) / Study Guide
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Rationales
Grade: A+ Assured
ASSURED GRADE A+
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 1
,NUR 114 Fundamentals of Nursing - Exam 2 (High Di… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A client is admitted with a serum potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L. Which assessment finding
is most critical for the nurse to address immediately?
A. Hyperactive bowel sounds and abdominal cramping
B. Hyperreflexia and muscle twitching
C. Prominent U waves and depressed ST segments on the ECG
D. Tall, peaked T waves on the cardiac monitor
Answer: C
Rationale: Hypokalemia (potassium < 3.5 mEq/L) causes cardiac instability, characterized by U waves
and ST depression. Tall peaked T waves are a sign of hyperkalemia. This is important because the
nurse must choose the action that keeps the client safest while still meeting their basic needs. Always
think about safety first when answering these questions. Remembering this point will help you decide
the best nursing action when similar questions appear on the exam. Link the answer to the client’s
current condition and risk level.
2. A patient’s arterial blood gas (ABG) results are: pH 7.25, PaCO2 50 mmHg, and HCO3 24
mEq/L. How should the nurse interpret these findings?
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis
Answer: A
Rationale: A pH below 7.35 indicates acidosis. The elevated PaCO2 (>45 mmHg) matches the
acidotic pH, indicating a respiratory origin. Remembering this point will help you decide the best
nursing action when similar questions appear on the exam. Link the answer to the client’s current
condition and risk level. Clear understanding of this concept improves both test performance and
everyday clinical judgment. Practice applying it to short case scenarios to lock the idea in place.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 2
, NUR 114 Fundamentals of Nursing - Exam 2 (High Di… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
3. The nurse is caring for a patient with a Stage 3 pressure injury. Which description best
matches this stage?
A. Full-thickness skin loss involving damage to subcutaneous tissue that may extend to the fascia.
B. Non-blanchable erythema of intact skin.
C. Partial-thickness loss of dermis presenting as a shallow open ulcer.
D. Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon, or muscle.
Answer: A
Rationale: Stage 3 involves full-thickness skin loss where subcutaneous fat may be visible, but
bone/tendon/muscle are not. Stage 4 involves exposed bone/muscle. This is important because the
nurse must choose the action that keeps the client safest while still meeting their basic needs. Always
think about safety first when answering these questions. Remembering this point will help you decide
the best nursing action when similar questions appear on the exam. Link the answer to the client’s
current condition and risk level.
4. When performing tracheostomy suctioning, which action by the nurse is essential to
prevent hypoxia?
A. Suction for at least 20 seconds to ensure a clear airway.
B. Hyperoxygenate the patient with 100% oxygen before the procedure.
C. Apply suction while inserting the catheter into the trachea.
D. Maintain a suction pressure between 150 and 200 mmHg.
Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperoxygenation is critical to prevent a drop in oxygen saturation during suctioning.
Suction should never exceed 15 seconds or be applied during insertion. This knowledge supports safe
care and helps the nurse teach the client and family clearly and simply. Clear teaching improves
cooperation and reduces anxiety. Exam questions often test whether you can pick the most practical
and safe choice for the client in real situations. Focus on what the nurse can actually do right now.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 3
