NUR 114 Exam 4: Fundamentals of Nursing NCLEX Pre… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
✓ VERIFIED • 2026/2027 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NUR 114 Exam 4: Fundamentals of Nursing NCLEX Prep
2026/2027 UPDATE
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS
with Clear, Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations) / Study Guide
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Rationales
Grade: A+ Assured
ASSURED GRADE A+
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 1
,NUR 114 Exam 4: Fundamentals of Nursing NCLEX Pre… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A client presents with a serum potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. Which electrocardiogram
(ECG) change should the nurse monitor for most closely?
A. Prominent U waves
B. Prolonged PR interval
C. ST-segment depression
D. Tall, peaked T waves
Answer: D
Rationale: Tall, peaked T waves are a classic early sign of hyperkalemia. U waves are associated with
hypokalemia, and prolonged PR intervals or ST depression can occur but are less specific than
peaked T waves for severe elevation. Clear understanding of this concept improves both test
performance and everyday clinical judgment. Practice applying it to short case scenarios to lock the
idea in place. Remembering this point will help you decide the best nursing action when similar
questions appear on the exam. Link the answer to the client’s current condition and risk level.
2. Which arterial blood gas (ABG) result is most indicative of a client in uncompensated
respiratory acidosis?
A. pH 7.50, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3 22 mEq/L
B. pH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mmHg, HCO3 24 mEq/L
C. pH 7.32, PaCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3 18 mEq/L
D. pH 7.45, PaCO2 35 mmHg, HCO3 26 mEq/L
Answer: B
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a low pH (<7.35) and an elevated PaCO2 (>45
mmHg). A normal HCO3 (22-26) indicates no compensation has occurred. In practice, this guides the
nurse to set priorities and protect the client from harm. Safety, nutrition, and clear communication are
frequent priorities. This knowledge supports safe care and helps the nurse teach the client and family
clearly and simply. Clear teaching improves cooperation and reduces anxiety.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 2
, NUR 114 Exam 4: Fundamentals of Nursing NCLEX Pre… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
3. A nurse is caring for a client with a Stage III pressure injury. How should the nurse
describe this wound in the documentation?
A. Full-thickness tissue loss with visible subcutaneous fat
B. Partial-thickness loss of dermis presenting as a shallow open ulcer
C. Non-blanchable erythema of intact skin
D. Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon, or muscle
Answer: A
Rationale: Stage III involves full-thickness tissue loss where subcutaneous fat may be visible, but
bone, tendon, or muscle are not exposed. Stage IV involves exposed bone or muscle. This knowledge
supports safe care and helps the nurse teach the client and family clearly and simply. Clear teaching
improves cooperation and reduces anxiety. Clear understanding of this concept improves both test
performance and everyday clinical judgment. Practice applying it to short case scenarios to lock the
idea in place.
4. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is receiving oxygen at 2
L/min via nasal cannula. The nurse understands that higher concentrations may be
dangerous because:
A. Oxygen is toxic to lung tissue at any level
B. High levels of oxygen can suppress the drive to breathe
C. Oxygen causes hyperventilation and respiratory alkalosis
D. is receiving oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula. The nurse understands that higher
concentrations may be dangerous because:
Answer: B
Rationale: In some clients with COPD, the stimulus to breathe is a low oxygen level (hypoxic drive).
Providing too much oxygen can negate this drive, leading to respiratory hypoventilation or arrest. In
practice, this guides the nurse to set priorities and protect the client from harm. Safety, nutrition, and
clear communication are frequent priorities. In practice, this guides the nurse to set priorities and
protect the client from harm. Safety, nutrition, and clear communication are frequent priorities.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 3
✓ VERIFIED • 2026/2027 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NUR 114 Exam 4: Fundamentals of Nursing NCLEX Prep
2026/2027 UPDATE
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS
with Clear, Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations) / Study Guide
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Rationales
Grade: A+ Assured
ASSURED GRADE A+
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 1
,NUR 114 Exam 4: Fundamentals of Nursing NCLEX Pre… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A client presents with a serum potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. Which electrocardiogram
(ECG) change should the nurse monitor for most closely?
A. Prominent U waves
B. Prolonged PR interval
C. ST-segment depression
D. Tall, peaked T waves
Answer: D
Rationale: Tall, peaked T waves are a classic early sign of hyperkalemia. U waves are associated with
hypokalemia, and prolonged PR intervals or ST depression can occur but are less specific than
peaked T waves for severe elevation. Clear understanding of this concept improves both test
performance and everyday clinical judgment. Practice applying it to short case scenarios to lock the
idea in place. Remembering this point will help you decide the best nursing action when similar
questions appear on the exam. Link the answer to the client’s current condition and risk level.
2. Which arterial blood gas (ABG) result is most indicative of a client in uncompensated
respiratory acidosis?
A. pH 7.50, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3 22 mEq/L
B. pH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mmHg, HCO3 24 mEq/L
C. pH 7.32, PaCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3 18 mEq/L
D. pH 7.45, PaCO2 35 mmHg, HCO3 26 mEq/L
Answer: B
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a low pH (<7.35) and an elevated PaCO2 (>45
mmHg). A normal HCO3 (22-26) indicates no compensation has occurred. In practice, this guides the
nurse to set priorities and protect the client from harm. Safety, nutrition, and clear communication are
frequent priorities. This knowledge supports safe care and helps the nurse teach the client and family
clearly and simply. Clear teaching improves cooperation and reduces anxiety.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 2
, NUR 114 Exam 4: Fundamentals of Nursing NCLEX Pre… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
3. A nurse is caring for a client with a Stage III pressure injury. How should the nurse
describe this wound in the documentation?
A. Full-thickness tissue loss with visible subcutaneous fat
B. Partial-thickness loss of dermis presenting as a shallow open ulcer
C. Non-blanchable erythema of intact skin
D. Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon, or muscle
Answer: A
Rationale: Stage III involves full-thickness tissue loss where subcutaneous fat may be visible, but
bone, tendon, or muscle are not exposed. Stage IV involves exposed bone or muscle. This knowledge
supports safe care and helps the nurse teach the client and family clearly and simply. Clear teaching
improves cooperation and reduces anxiety. Clear understanding of this concept improves both test
performance and everyday clinical judgment. Practice applying it to short case scenarios to lock the
idea in place.
4. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is receiving oxygen at 2
L/min via nasal cannula. The nurse understands that higher concentrations may be
dangerous because:
A. Oxygen is toxic to lung tissue at any level
B. High levels of oxygen can suppress the drive to breathe
C. Oxygen causes hyperventilation and respiratory alkalosis
D. is receiving oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula. The nurse understands that higher
concentrations may be dangerous because:
Answer: B
Rationale: In some clients with COPD, the stimulus to breathe is a low oxygen level (hypoxic drive).
Providing too much oxygen can negate this drive, leading to respiratory hypoventilation or arrest. In
practice, this guides the nurse to set priorities and protect the client from harm. Safety, nutrition, and
clear communication are frequent priorities. In practice, this guides the nurse to set priorities and
protect the client from harm. Safety, nutrition, and clear communication are frequent priorities.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 3
