,Test Bank for Fundamentals of Nursing, 12th Edition by Potter &
Perry | Complete Chapters with Questions & Answers
Question 1
Which historical figure is widely recognized as the founder of modern
nursing and nursing statistics?
• A. Clara Barton
• B. Florence Nightingale
• C. Dorothea Dix
• D. Mary Seacole
Correct Answer: B. Florence Nightingale
Detailed Rationale: Florence Nightingale established modern nursing
during the Crimean War, emphasizing sanitary conditions, statistical
data collection to prove healthcare outcomes, and structured nursing
education. Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross.
Question 2
According to the American Nurses Association (ANA), which of the
following best defines nursing?
• A. The independent diagnosis and medical treatment of human
responses to health problems.
• B. The protection, promotion, and optimization of health and
abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering,
and advocacy in care.
, • C. The technical execution of physician orders within institutional
settings.
• D. The management of hospital bed allocation and healthcare
economics.
Correct Answer: B. The protection, promotion, and optimization of
health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of
suffering, and advocacy in care.
Detailed Rationale: The ANA scope and standards define nursing as the
protection, promotion, and optimization of health and human
responses, distinguishing it from medical diagnosis and treatment.
Question 3
A nurse with 2 to 3 years of experience who can coordinate multiple
complex nursing care demands and perceives situations analytically is at
which of Patricia Benner's stages of clinical competence?
• A. Novice
• B. Advanced beginner
• C. Competent
• D. Proficient
Correct Answer: C. Competent
Detailed Rationale: A competent nurse has been in practice 2 to 3
years, demonstrates institutional awareness, coordinates multiple care
demands, and establishes long-range goals. A novice has no experience;
an advanced beginner demonstrates marginally acceptable
performance.
, Question 4
Which of the following professional roles allows the nurse to protect
the client's human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting
those rights?
• A. Caregiver
• B. Educator
• C. Advocate
• D. Manager
Correct Answer: C. Advocate
Detailed Rationale: As an advocate, the nurse protects the client's
human and legal rights, providing information and support so the client
can make informed choices or speaking up when rights are
compromised.
Question 5
Which organization defines the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses
(QSEN) competencies for pre-licensure nursing programs?
• A. The Joint Commission
• B. The World Health Organization
• C. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation / QSEN initiative
• D. National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission
Correct Answer: C. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation / QSEN initiative
Detailed Rationale: The QSEN initiative, funded by the Robert Wood
Johnson Foundation, identified six core competencies: Patient-Centered
Perry | Complete Chapters with Questions & Answers
Question 1
Which historical figure is widely recognized as the founder of modern
nursing and nursing statistics?
• A. Clara Barton
• B. Florence Nightingale
• C. Dorothea Dix
• D. Mary Seacole
Correct Answer: B. Florence Nightingale
Detailed Rationale: Florence Nightingale established modern nursing
during the Crimean War, emphasizing sanitary conditions, statistical
data collection to prove healthcare outcomes, and structured nursing
education. Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross.
Question 2
According to the American Nurses Association (ANA), which of the
following best defines nursing?
• A. The independent diagnosis and medical treatment of human
responses to health problems.
• B. The protection, promotion, and optimization of health and
abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering,
and advocacy in care.
, • C. The technical execution of physician orders within institutional
settings.
• D. The management of hospital bed allocation and healthcare
economics.
Correct Answer: B. The protection, promotion, and optimization of
health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of
suffering, and advocacy in care.
Detailed Rationale: The ANA scope and standards define nursing as the
protection, promotion, and optimization of health and human
responses, distinguishing it from medical diagnosis and treatment.
Question 3
A nurse with 2 to 3 years of experience who can coordinate multiple
complex nursing care demands and perceives situations analytically is at
which of Patricia Benner's stages of clinical competence?
• A. Novice
• B. Advanced beginner
• C. Competent
• D. Proficient
Correct Answer: C. Competent
Detailed Rationale: A competent nurse has been in practice 2 to 3
years, demonstrates institutional awareness, coordinates multiple care
demands, and establishes long-range goals. A novice has no experience;
an advanced beginner demonstrates marginally acceptable
performance.
, Question 4
Which of the following professional roles allows the nurse to protect
the client's human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting
those rights?
• A. Caregiver
• B. Educator
• C. Advocate
• D. Manager
Correct Answer: C. Advocate
Detailed Rationale: As an advocate, the nurse protects the client's
human and legal rights, providing information and support so the client
can make informed choices or speaking up when rights are
compromised.
Question 5
Which organization defines the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses
(QSEN) competencies for pre-licensure nursing programs?
• A. The Joint Commission
• B. The World Health Organization
• C. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation / QSEN initiative
• D. National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission
Correct Answer: C. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation / QSEN initiative
Detailed Rationale: The QSEN initiative, funded by the Robert Wood
Johnson Foundation, identified six core competencies: Patient-Centered
