APHY 101 IVY TECH FINAL EXAM STUDY
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS
1. What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? - ANSWER
Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts, whereas physiology is
the study of the function of body parts
2. What are the levels of organization? - ANSWER subatomic particles, atom,
molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system,
organism
3. What are the requirements of life? - ANSWER Water, food, oxygen, heat,
pressure
4. What are the characteristics of life? - ANSWER Movement (internal or
gross); Responsiveness (reaction to internal or external change); Growth
(increase in size without change in shape); Reproduction (new organisms or
new cells); Respiration (use of oxygen; removal of CO2); Digestion
(breakdown of food); Absorption (movement of substances through
membranes and into fluids); Circulation (movement within body fluids);
Assimilation (changing nutrients into chemically different forms); Excretion
(removal of metabolic wastes)
5. Define synthesis reaction - ANSWER Two or more atoms or molecules are
joined together
6. Define decomposition reaction - ANSWER Larger molecules are broken
down into smaller ones
,7. Define exchange reaction - ANSWER Parts of molecules trade places
8. Define reactant - ANSWER The starting materials of the reaction - the
atoms, ions, or molecules
9. Define product - ANSWER Substances formed at the end of the chemical
reaction
10.Define catalyst - ANSWER influence the rates of chemical reactions
11.What is an acid? - ANSWER Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in
water
12.What is a base? - ANSWER Electrolytes that release ions that combine with
hydrogen ions in water
13.What is a salt? - ANSWER Acids and bases that react to form water and
electrolytes
14.What is a pH scale? - ANSWER represents the concentration of hydrogen
ions [H+] in solution
15.Neutral solution - ANSWER pH 7;
indicates equal concentrations of H+
and OH-
16.Acidic solution - ANSWER pH less than
7; indicates a greater concentration of H+
,17.Basic solution - ANSWER pH greater than 7; indicates a greater
concentration of OH-
18.What is the difference between an organic molecule and an inorganic
molecule? - ANSWER organic compounds have hydrogen and carbon;
inorganic compounds do not
19.Define homeostasis - ANSWER Body's maintenance of a stable
environment
20.What is a homeostatic mechanism? - ANSWER the body maintains
homeostasis through a number of self-regulating control systems; examples
are regulating body temperature and pressure sensitive receptors to regulate
body pressure
21.Define matter - ANSWER Anything that takes up space and has mass
(weight). It is composed of elements.
22.Define element - ANSWER fundamental substance composed of chemically
identical atoms
23.Define atoms - ANSWER smallest particle of an element; basic unit of
matter
24.What is the structure of an atom? - ANSWER An atom consists of a nucleus
containing protons and neutrons, with electrons in
orbit around the nucleus.
25.Atomic nucleus - ANSWER the nucleus contains protons and neutrons
, 26.Proton - ANSWER subatomic particle that has a positive charge
27.Neutron - ANSWER subatomic particle that has no charge
28.Electron - ANSWER subatomic particle that has a negative charge
29.Atomic number - ANSWER number or protons in nucleus
30.Atomic mass - ANSWER number of protons plus number of neutrons
31.What are covalent bonds? - ANSWER Covalent bonds are formed when
atoms share electrons to become stable with filled outer shells
32.What are ionic bonds? - ANSWER 2 oppositely charged atoms form this
bond when electrons are transferred from one atom to another atom
33.What are hydrogen bonds? - ANSWER Weak attraction between positive
end of one polar molecule and negative end of another polar molecule;
formed between water molecules
34.Define ion - ANSWER When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become
ions.
35.What is dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis? - ANSWER Dehydration
reactions link monomers together into polymers by releasing water, and
hydrolysis breaks polymers into monomers using a water molecule.
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS
1. What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? - ANSWER
Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts, whereas physiology is
the study of the function of body parts
2. What are the levels of organization? - ANSWER subatomic particles, atom,
molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system,
organism
3. What are the requirements of life? - ANSWER Water, food, oxygen, heat,
pressure
4. What are the characteristics of life? - ANSWER Movement (internal or
gross); Responsiveness (reaction to internal or external change); Growth
(increase in size without change in shape); Reproduction (new organisms or
new cells); Respiration (use of oxygen; removal of CO2); Digestion
(breakdown of food); Absorption (movement of substances through
membranes and into fluids); Circulation (movement within body fluids);
Assimilation (changing nutrients into chemically different forms); Excretion
(removal of metabolic wastes)
5. Define synthesis reaction - ANSWER Two or more atoms or molecules are
joined together
6. Define decomposition reaction - ANSWER Larger molecules are broken
down into smaller ones
,7. Define exchange reaction - ANSWER Parts of molecules trade places
8. Define reactant - ANSWER The starting materials of the reaction - the
atoms, ions, or molecules
9. Define product - ANSWER Substances formed at the end of the chemical
reaction
10.Define catalyst - ANSWER influence the rates of chemical reactions
11.What is an acid? - ANSWER Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in
water
12.What is a base? - ANSWER Electrolytes that release ions that combine with
hydrogen ions in water
13.What is a salt? - ANSWER Acids and bases that react to form water and
electrolytes
14.What is a pH scale? - ANSWER represents the concentration of hydrogen
ions [H+] in solution
15.Neutral solution - ANSWER pH 7;
indicates equal concentrations of H+
and OH-
16.Acidic solution - ANSWER pH less than
7; indicates a greater concentration of H+
,17.Basic solution - ANSWER pH greater than 7; indicates a greater
concentration of OH-
18.What is the difference between an organic molecule and an inorganic
molecule? - ANSWER organic compounds have hydrogen and carbon;
inorganic compounds do not
19.Define homeostasis - ANSWER Body's maintenance of a stable
environment
20.What is a homeostatic mechanism? - ANSWER the body maintains
homeostasis through a number of self-regulating control systems; examples
are regulating body temperature and pressure sensitive receptors to regulate
body pressure
21.Define matter - ANSWER Anything that takes up space and has mass
(weight). It is composed of elements.
22.Define element - ANSWER fundamental substance composed of chemically
identical atoms
23.Define atoms - ANSWER smallest particle of an element; basic unit of
matter
24.What is the structure of an atom? - ANSWER An atom consists of a nucleus
containing protons and neutrons, with electrons in
orbit around the nucleus.
25.Atomic nucleus - ANSWER the nucleus contains protons and neutrons
, 26.Proton - ANSWER subatomic particle that has a positive charge
27.Neutron - ANSWER subatomic particle that has no charge
28.Electron - ANSWER subatomic particle that has a negative charge
29.Atomic number - ANSWER number or protons in nucleus
30.Atomic mass - ANSWER number of protons plus number of neutrons
31.What are covalent bonds? - ANSWER Covalent bonds are formed when
atoms share electrons to become stable with filled outer shells
32.What are ionic bonds? - ANSWER 2 oppositely charged atoms form this
bond when electrons are transferred from one atom to another atom
33.What are hydrogen bonds? - ANSWER Weak attraction between positive
end of one polar molecule and negative end of another polar molecule;
formed between water molecules
34.Define ion - ANSWER When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become
ions.
35.What is dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis? - ANSWER Dehydration
reactions link monomers together into polymers by releasing water, and
hydrolysis breaks polymers into monomers using a water molecule.
