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BIO 201 EXAM 2 — ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
I (STRAIGHTERLINE) 2026 COMPLETE (115)
CURRENT TESTING QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH DETAILED
RATIONALES.
BIO 201
Prepare for the BIO 201 Exam 2 – Anatomy & Physiology I (StraighterLine)
with focused review materials covering the integumentary, skeletal, and
muscular systems, including tissue structure and function, bone
composition and development, joints and articulations, muscle tissue
characteristics, mechanisms of muscle contraction, and the relationship
between body structure and movement. Designed to build confidence in
identifying anatomical structures, explaining physiological processes,
and integrating foundational concepts across body systems. Suitable for
students preparing for the StraighterLine BIO 201 Exam 2 and introductory
anatomy and physiology examinations.
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
SECTION 1: THE SKELETAL SYSTEM — STRUCTURE & FUNCTIONS
(Questions 1-15)
1. The skeletal system performs which of the following
functions?
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A. Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell
production
B. Support, protection, and insulation only
C. Support, movement, and hormone production
D. Protection, movement, and carbohydrate storage
Correct answer: A. Support, protection, movement, mineral
storage, and blood cell production
Rationale: The skeletal system provides support for the body,
protects internal organs, allows movement through levers, stores
minerals (especially calcium and phosphorus), and produces blood
cells through hematopoiesis within the bone marrow.
2. The formation of blood cells within the red bone marrow is
called:
A. Osteogenesis
B. Hematopoiesis
C. Ossification
D. Calcification
Correct answer: B. Hematopoiesis
Rationale: Hematopoiesis is the process of blood cell formation
that occurs primarily in the red bone marrow. Red bone marrow is
found in the medullary cavities of long bones in children and in the
vertebrae, sternum, pelvis, and ribs in adults.
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3. In adults, red bone marrow is primarily found in which bones?
A. The medullary cavities of long bones
B. The vertebrae, sternum, pelvis, and ribs
C. The skull and facial bones
D. The appendicular skeleton
Correct answer: B. The vertebrae, sternum, pelvis, and ribs
Rationale: In adults, red bone marrow is primarily located in the
axial skeleton, including the vertebrae, sternum, pelvis, and ribs.
The medullary cavities of long bones contain yellow bone marrow
(fat) in adults. Children have red marrow in the medullary cavities of
long bones, which converts to yellow marrow with age.
4. The structural unit of compact bone is the:
A. Osteon (Haversian system)
B. Trabecula
C. Lamella
D. Lacuna
Correct answer: A. Osteon (Haversian system)
Rationale: The osteon, also called the Haversian system, is the
structural and functional unit of compact bone. Each osteon
consists of concentric rings of bone matrix (lamellae) surrounding a
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central canal (Haversian canal) that contains blood vessels and
nerves. Osteocytes are located in lacunae between the lamellae.
5. The small spaces within bone matrix that contain osteocytes
are called:
A. Canaliculi
B. Lacunae
C. Lamellae
D. Perforating canals
Correct answer: B. Lacunae
Rationale: Lacunae are small spaces in the bone matrix that
contain osteocytes (mature bone cells). These cells maintain the
bone matrix and communicate with each other through tiny
channels called canaliculi.
6. The tiny canals that connect lacunae and allow for
communication and nutrient transfer between osteocytes are
called:
A. Canaliculi
B. Lamellae
C. Osteons
D. Haversian canals
Correct answer: A. Canaliculi
BIO 201 EXAM 2 — ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
I (STRAIGHTERLINE) 2026 COMPLETE (115)
CURRENT TESTING QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH DETAILED
RATIONALES.
BIO 201
Prepare for the BIO 201 Exam 2 – Anatomy & Physiology I (StraighterLine)
with focused review materials covering the integumentary, skeletal, and
muscular systems, including tissue structure and function, bone
composition and development, joints and articulations, muscle tissue
characteristics, mechanisms of muscle contraction, and the relationship
between body structure and movement. Designed to build confidence in
identifying anatomical structures, explaining physiological processes,
and integrating foundational concepts across body systems. Suitable for
students preparing for the StraighterLine BIO 201 Exam 2 and introductory
anatomy and physiology examinations.
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
SECTION 1: THE SKELETAL SYSTEM — STRUCTURE & FUNCTIONS
(Questions 1-15)
1. The skeletal system performs which of the following
functions?
, Page 2 of 63
A. Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell
production
B. Support, protection, and insulation only
C. Support, movement, and hormone production
D. Protection, movement, and carbohydrate storage
Correct answer: A. Support, protection, movement, mineral
storage, and blood cell production
Rationale: The skeletal system provides support for the body,
protects internal organs, allows movement through levers, stores
minerals (especially calcium and phosphorus), and produces blood
cells through hematopoiesis within the bone marrow.
2. The formation of blood cells within the red bone marrow is
called:
A. Osteogenesis
B. Hematopoiesis
C. Ossification
D. Calcification
Correct answer: B. Hematopoiesis
Rationale: Hematopoiesis is the process of blood cell formation
that occurs primarily in the red bone marrow. Red bone marrow is
found in the medullary cavities of long bones in children and in the
vertebrae, sternum, pelvis, and ribs in adults.
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3. In adults, red bone marrow is primarily found in which bones?
A. The medullary cavities of long bones
B. The vertebrae, sternum, pelvis, and ribs
C. The skull and facial bones
D. The appendicular skeleton
Correct answer: B. The vertebrae, sternum, pelvis, and ribs
Rationale: In adults, red bone marrow is primarily located in the
axial skeleton, including the vertebrae, sternum, pelvis, and ribs.
The medullary cavities of long bones contain yellow bone marrow
(fat) in adults. Children have red marrow in the medullary cavities of
long bones, which converts to yellow marrow with age.
4. The structural unit of compact bone is the:
A. Osteon (Haversian system)
B. Trabecula
C. Lamella
D. Lacuna
Correct answer: A. Osteon (Haversian system)
Rationale: The osteon, also called the Haversian system, is the
structural and functional unit of compact bone. Each osteon
consists of concentric rings of bone matrix (lamellae) surrounding a
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central canal (Haversian canal) that contains blood vessels and
nerves. Osteocytes are located in lacunae between the lamellae.
5. The small spaces within bone matrix that contain osteocytes
are called:
A. Canaliculi
B. Lacunae
C. Lamellae
D. Perforating canals
Correct answer: B. Lacunae
Rationale: Lacunae are small spaces in the bone matrix that
contain osteocytes (mature bone cells). These cells maintain the
bone matrix and communicate with each other through tiny
channels called canaliculi.
6. The tiny canals that connect lacunae and allow for
communication and nutrient transfer between osteocytes are
called:
A. Canaliculi
B. Lamellae
C. Osteons
D. Haversian canals
Correct answer: A. Canaliculi
