Test Review Questions & Expertly
Pass your ISSA final exam on the very first try. This comprehensive study guide
features actual exam-style questions paired with fully verified, accurate Answers.
Eliminate guesswork and study with absolute confidence.
• Verified Answers: Expert-checked for total accuracy.
• Complete Coverage: Covers all core fitness domains.
• Instant Access: Study anytime on any device.
• Time Saver: Focus only on what matters.
1. The human body consists of?
• Answer✅: Chemicals, cells, tissues
• Rationale: The human body is organized hierarchically: chemicals (atoms and
molecules) form cells, cells group together to form tissues, tissues form organs, and
organs form systems.
2. Metabolism can be categorized into which of the following?
• Answer✅: Catabolism, anabolism
• Rationale: Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions in the body. It consists of
catabolism (breaking down molecules to release energy) and anabolism (using energy
to build components like muscle).
3. BMR stands for?
• Answer✅: Basal Metabolic Rate
• Rationale: BMR is the minimum number of calories your body requires to maintain
vital, life-sustaining functions (like breathing and circulation) while at complete rest.
1
, 4. A 30-minute jog would rely most heavily on which energy pathway?
• Answer✅: Oxidative
• Rationale: Continuous exercise lasting longer than a few minutes relies primarily on
the aerobic/oxidative system, which uses oxygen to convert carbohydrates and fats
into sustainable energy.
5. What is the automatic tendency to maintain a relatively constant
internal environment called?
• Answer✅: Homeostasis
• Rationale: Homeostasis is the body's dynamic regulatory process to keep internal
variables—such as temperature, pH, and fluid balance—within a stable, life-
supporting range.
6. About 98% of the human body is composed of only six elements:
oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. (T/F)
• Answer✅: True
• Rationale: These six elements are the fundamental building blocks of human life,
making up the vast majority of our total body mass (found in water, proteins, lipids,
and bones).
7. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell? (T/F)
• Answer✅: True
• Rationale: Mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration, generating adenosine
triphosphate (ATP), which serves as the primary chemical energy source for cellular
activity.
8. The heart, arteries, and veins are part of the circulatory system?
(T/F)
• Answer✅: True
• Rationale: The circulatory (cardiovascular) system is specifically responsible for
pumping and transporting blood, oxygen, and nutrients throughout the body via this
closed network.
2
, 9. The ATP/CP pathway is considered aerobic? (T/F)
• Answer✅: False
• Rationale: The ATP/CP (Adenosine Triphosphate / Creatine Phosphate) pathway is
anaerobic, meaning it functions entirely without oxygen to supply immediate energy
for short bursts (0–10 seconds).
10. Non-oxidative glycolysis is reliable for:
• Answer✅: Up to 2 minutes of ATP production
• Rationale: Also known as the anaerobic glycolytic system, this pathway breaks down
glucose without oxygen to produce energy quickly for high-intensity efforts lasting
roughly 30 seconds to 2 minutes.
11. The primary fuel during endurance exercise is?
• Answer✅: Fatty acids
• Rationale: While carbohydrates are used simultaneously, low-to-moderate intensity
endurance exercise allows the body to rely primarily on the oxidation of stored fatty
acids for a nearly limitless supply of energy.
12. The main purpose of hormones is?
• Answer✅: Alter the rate of synthesis of your cellular protein, change the rate of
enzyme activity, change the rate of transport of nutrients through the cell wall
• Rationale: Hormones act as chemical messengers that regulate bodily functions by
binding to receptors to alter protein synthesis, enzyme rates, and cell wall
permeability.
13. The main purpose of digestion is?
• Answer✅: Break down food and waste elimination
• Rationale: The digestive system breaks complex food structures down into
absorbable nutrients to sustain life and eliminates the undigested, unusable leftovers
as waste.
3
Pass your ISSA final exam on the very first try. This comprehensive study guide
features actual exam-style questions paired with fully verified, accurate Answers.
Eliminate guesswork and study with absolute confidence.
• Verified Answers: Expert-checked for total accuracy.
• Complete Coverage: Covers all core fitness domains.
• Instant Access: Study anytime on any device.
• Time Saver: Focus only on what matters.
1. The human body consists of?
• Answer✅: Chemicals, cells, tissues
• Rationale: The human body is organized hierarchically: chemicals (atoms and
molecules) form cells, cells group together to form tissues, tissues form organs, and
organs form systems.
2. Metabolism can be categorized into which of the following?
• Answer✅: Catabolism, anabolism
• Rationale: Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions in the body. It consists of
catabolism (breaking down molecules to release energy) and anabolism (using energy
to build components like muscle).
3. BMR stands for?
• Answer✅: Basal Metabolic Rate
• Rationale: BMR is the minimum number of calories your body requires to maintain
vital, life-sustaining functions (like breathing and circulation) while at complete rest.
1
, 4. A 30-minute jog would rely most heavily on which energy pathway?
• Answer✅: Oxidative
• Rationale: Continuous exercise lasting longer than a few minutes relies primarily on
the aerobic/oxidative system, which uses oxygen to convert carbohydrates and fats
into sustainable energy.
5. What is the automatic tendency to maintain a relatively constant
internal environment called?
• Answer✅: Homeostasis
• Rationale: Homeostasis is the body's dynamic regulatory process to keep internal
variables—such as temperature, pH, and fluid balance—within a stable, life-
supporting range.
6. About 98% of the human body is composed of only six elements:
oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. (T/F)
• Answer✅: True
• Rationale: These six elements are the fundamental building blocks of human life,
making up the vast majority of our total body mass (found in water, proteins, lipids,
and bones).
7. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell? (T/F)
• Answer✅: True
• Rationale: Mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration, generating adenosine
triphosphate (ATP), which serves as the primary chemical energy source for cellular
activity.
8. The heart, arteries, and veins are part of the circulatory system?
(T/F)
• Answer✅: True
• Rationale: The circulatory (cardiovascular) system is specifically responsible for
pumping and transporting blood, oxygen, and nutrients throughout the body via this
closed network.
2
, 9. The ATP/CP pathway is considered aerobic? (T/F)
• Answer✅: False
• Rationale: The ATP/CP (Adenosine Triphosphate / Creatine Phosphate) pathway is
anaerobic, meaning it functions entirely without oxygen to supply immediate energy
for short bursts (0–10 seconds).
10. Non-oxidative glycolysis is reliable for:
• Answer✅: Up to 2 minutes of ATP production
• Rationale: Also known as the anaerobic glycolytic system, this pathway breaks down
glucose without oxygen to produce energy quickly for high-intensity efforts lasting
roughly 30 seconds to 2 minutes.
11. The primary fuel during endurance exercise is?
• Answer✅: Fatty acids
• Rationale: While carbohydrates are used simultaneously, low-to-moderate intensity
endurance exercise allows the body to rely primarily on the oxidation of stored fatty
acids for a nearly limitless supply of energy.
12. The main purpose of hormones is?
• Answer✅: Alter the rate of synthesis of your cellular protein, change the rate of
enzyme activity, change the rate of transport of nutrients through the cell wall
• Rationale: Hormones act as chemical messengers that regulate bodily functions by
binding to receptors to alter protein synthesis, enzyme rates, and cell wall
permeability.
13. The main purpose of digestion is?
• Answer✅: Break down food and waste elimination
• Rationale: The digestive system breaks complex food structures down into
absorbable nutrients to sustain life and eliminates the undigested, unusable leftovers
as waste.
3
