NUR 283 - Chapter 10: Blood and the Circulatory System Disorders
|| Error-free Answers 100%.
Circulatory System consists of the correct answers cardiovascular system and lymphatic system
Blood circulates through the body and functions to correct answers • Transport oxygen and
nutrients to all tissues
• Remove waste products of cellular metabolism
• Play a critical role in the body's defenses/immune system, and serve in maintaining body
homeostasis
Arteries - arterioles correct answers transport blood away from the heart
Arterioles correct answers small vessels that receive blood from the arteries
ØSmalller branches of arteries that control the amount of blood flowing into the capillaries in
specific areas through the degree of contraction of smooth muscle in the vessel walls
(vasoconstriction or dilation)
Veins - venules correct answers carry blood toward the heart
Venules correct answers small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins
conduct blood from the capillary beds toward the heat
Capillaries correct answers Microscopic vessel through which exchanges take place between the
blood and cells of the body
,Very small vessels organized in numerous networks that form the Microcirculation within tissues
systemic circulation correct answers The branch of the circulatory system that supplies all body
organs and then returns oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium via the veins.
Exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes between the blood and cells throughout the body
Pulmonary circulation correct answers flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the
heart
Gas exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs
The walls of the arteries and veins are made up of correct answers 3 layers
1) tunica intima
2) tunica media
3) tunica adventitia
Tunica intima correct answers the innermost layer of a blood vessel, composed of a single layer
of squamous epithelial cells over a sheet of connective tissue; its smooth, frictionless surface
allows blood to flow smoothly through the vessel
Tunica media correct answers The middle and thickest layer of tissue of a blood vessel wall,
composed of elastic tissue and smooth muscle cells that allow the vessel to expand or contract in
response to changes in blood pressure and tissue demand.
, tunica adventitia (externa) correct answers the outer, fibroelastic coat of a blood vessel or other
tubular structure.
connective tissue with fibrocytes, collagen (type 1), and elastic fibers
Localized vasodilation or vasoconstriction in arterioles is controlled by correct answers
autoregulation, a reflex adjustment in a small area of a tissue or an organ, which varies
depending on the needs of the cells in the area. For example, a decrease in pH, an increase in
carbon dioxide, or a decrease in oxygen will lead to local vasodilation. Release of chemical
mediators such as histamine or an increase in temperature at a specific area can also cause
vasodilation. These local changes do not affect the systemic blood pressure
norepinephrine and epinephrine correct answers increase systemic vasoconstriction by
stimulating alpha1-adrenergic receptors in the arteriolar walls. Angiotensin is another powerful
systemic vasoconstrictor. Vascular or vasomotor tone is maintained at all times by constant input
from the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), which results in partial vasoconstriction throughout
the body to ensure continued circulation of blood.Capillary walls consist of a single endothelial
layer to facilitate the exchange of fluid, oxygen, carbon dioxide, electrolytes, glucose and other
nutrients, as well as wastes between the blood and the interstitial fluid. Capillary exchange and
abnormal electrolyte shifts are discussed in Chapter 2.
Blood function correct answers Major transport system of the body for essentials such as oxygen,
glucose and other nutrients, hormones, electrolytes, and cell wastes.
Transport oxygen and nutrients to all tissues
Remove waste products of cellular metabolism
Play a critical role in the body's defenses/immune system, and
Serve in maintaining body homeostasis
Blood provides a mechanism for controlling correct answers body temperature by distributing
core heat throughout the peripheral tissues. Blood is the medium through which body fluid levels
and blood pressure are measured and adjusted by various controls, such as hormones. Clotting
factors in the circulating blood are readily available for hemostasis. Buffer systems in the blood
maintain a stable pH of 7.35 to 7.45
|| Error-free Answers 100%.
Circulatory System consists of the correct answers cardiovascular system and lymphatic system
Blood circulates through the body and functions to correct answers • Transport oxygen and
nutrients to all tissues
• Remove waste products of cellular metabolism
• Play a critical role in the body's defenses/immune system, and serve in maintaining body
homeostasis
Arteries - arterioles correct answers transport blood away from the heart
Arterioles correct answers small vessels that receive blood from the arteries
ØSmalller branches of arteries that control the amount of blood flowing into the capillaries in
specific areas through the degree of contraction of smooth muscle in the vessel walls
(vasoconstriction or dilation)
Veins - venules correct answers carry blood toward the heart
Venules correct answers small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins
conduct blood from the capillary beds toward the heat
Capillaries correct answers Microscopic vessel through which exchanges take place between the
blood and cells of the body
,Very small vessels organized in numerous networks that form the Microcirculation within tissues
systemic circulation correct answers The branch of the circulatory system that supplies all body
organs and then returns oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium via the veins.
Exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes between the blood and cells throughout the body
Pulmonary circulation correct answers flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the
heart
Gas exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs
The walls of the arteries and veins are made up of correct answers 3 layers
1) tunica intima
2) tunica media
3) tunica adventitia
Tunica intima correct answers the innermost layer of a blood vessel, composed of a single layer
of squamous epithelial cells over a sheet of connective tissue; its smooth, frictionless surface
allows blood to flow smoothly through the vessel
Tunica media correct answers The middle and thickest layer of tissue of a blood vessel wall,
composed of elastic tissue and smooth muscle cells that allow the vessel to expand or contract in
response to changes in blood pressure and tissue demand.
, tunica adventitia (externa) correct answers the outer, fibroelastic coat of a blood vessel or other
tubular structure.
connective tissue with fibrocytes, collagen (type 1), and elastic fibers
Localized vasodilation or vasoconstriction in arterioles is controlled by correct answers
autoregulation, a reflex adjustment in a small area of a tissue or an organ, which varies
depending on the needs of the cells in the area. For example, a decrease in pH, an increase in
carbon dioxide, or a decrease in oxygen will lead to local vasodilation. Release of chemical
mediators such as histamine or an increase in temperature at a specific area can also cause
vasodilation. These local changes do not affect the systemic blood pressure
norepinephrine and epinephrine correct answers increase systemic vasoconstriction by
stimulating alpha1-adrenergic receptors in the arteriolar walls. Angiotensin is another powerful
systemic vasoconstrictor. Vascular or vasomotor tone is maintained at all times by constant input
from the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), which results in partial vasoconstriction throughout
the body to ensure continued circulation of blood.Capillary walls consist of a single endothelial
layer to facilitate the exchange of fluid, oxygen, carbon dioxide, electrolytes, glucose and other
nutrients, as well as wastes between the blood and the interstitial fluid. Capillary exchange and
abnormal electrolyte shifts are discussed in Chapter 2.
Blood function correct answers Major transport system of the body for essentials such as oxygen,
glucose and other nutrients, hormones, electrolytes, and cell wastes.
Transport oxygen and nutrients to all tissues
Remove waste products of cellular metabolism
Play a critical role in the body's defenses/immune system, and
Serve in maintaining body homeostasis
Blood provides a mechanism for controlling correct answers body temperature by distributing
core heat throughout the peripheral tissues. Blood is the medium through which body fluid levels
and blood pressure are measured and adjusted by various controls, such as hormones. Clotting
factors in the circulating blood are readily available for hemostasis. Buffer systems in the blood
maintain a stable pH of 7.35 to 7.45
