WGU Introduction to Sociology - C273 Exam with Complete
Solutions
Question 1
Auguste Conte
Correct Answer
Suggested we apply scientific method to social world, which is known as Positivism
Viewed society as a living organism, similar to an animals body - must function together to function smoothly. (functional
analysis)
Question 2
Herbert Spencer
Correct Answer
*Called 2nd founder of sociology
*disagreed with Conte, believed sociologists should not guide social reform
*societies are evolving from lower to higher form
*society's most capable and intelligent members service - the less capable die out
*fittest members produce a more advanced society "The survival of the fittest" or "Social Darwinism" (credited to Darwin because
he applied it to organisms.
Viewed society as a living organism, similar to an animals body - must function together to function smoothly. (functional
analysis)
Question 3
Karl Marx
Correct Answer
*believed the engine of human history is class conflict
*society is made up of 2 classes
*economics is a central force in social change
*Bourgeoisie - capitalist own the means of production, money, land, factories and machines
*Proletariat - workers;
*workers will unite and bread their chains of bondage
*introduced Conflict Theory
*did not think of himself as a sociologist
,Question 4
Bourgeoisie
Correct Answer
Capitalists
they own the means of production - money, land, factories, and machines.
Question 5
Proletariat
Correct Answer
Workers
Question 6
Emile Durkheim
Correct Answer
*succeeded in getting sociology recognized as a separate academic discipline
*how social forces affect peoples behavior
*Social Integration
when all parts of society full their part it is in a "normal" state, if they do not fulfill their function it is in an
"abnormal" or pathological state. (functional analysis)
Question 7
Social Integration
Correct Answer
Degree to which people are tied to their social groups.
People with weaker social ties are more likely to commit suicide
Question 8
Applying Durkheim
Correct Answer
Patterns of behavior or recurring patterns or events
Question 9
Max Weber
Correct Answer
*used cross culture and historical materials to trace the cause of social change and how social groups affect
peoples orientation to life
*disagreed with Karl Marx
*Roman Catholics taught to hold on to tradition, protestant taught to embrace change
*Protestant ethic
Page 2 of 18
, Question 10
Protestant Ethic
Correct Answer
*looked for sign they were in Gods good grace
*financial success-live frugal lives, saving ant investing money "the spirit of capitalism"
This brought about capitalism
Question 11
Harriet Martineau
Correct Answer
*did writings because women were to focus on church, cooking, children and clothes
*early female sociologist
*viewed sociology as a path to reform and improve society (stop lynchings, integrate immigrants, improve
working conditions)
Question 12
W.E.B. DuBois
Correct Answer
black sociologist
Question 13
Jane Adams
Correct Answer
Sociologist and social reformer
*came from wealth and privilege
*founded Hull House with Ellen Gates Starr
Question 14
C. Wright Mills
Correct Answer
pushed sociologist to go back to push social reform
Question 15
Basic (or pure) sociology
Correct Answer
sociological research for the purpose of making discoveries about life in human groups, not for making changes in
those groups
Question 16
Applied Sociology
Correct Answer
the use of sociology to solve problems from classroom integration and family relationships to crime and pollution
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 3 of 18
Solutions
Question 1
Auguste Conte
Correct Answer
Suggested we apply scientific method to social world, which is known as Positivism
Viewed society as a living organism, similar to an animals body - must function together to function smoothly. (functional
analysis)
Question 2
Herbert Spencer
Correct Answer
*Called 2nd founder of sociology
*disagreed with Conte, believed sociologists should not guide social reform
*societies are evolving from lower to higher form
*society's most capable and intelligent members service - the less capable die out
*fittest members produce a more advanced society "The survival of the fittest" or "Social Darwinism" (credited to Darwin because
he applied it to organisms.
Viewed society as a living organism, similar to an animals body - must function together to function smoothly. (functional
analysis)
Question 3
Karl Marx
Correct Answer
*believed the engine of human history is class conflict
*society is made up of 2 classes
*economics is a central force in social change
*Bourgeoisie - capitalist own the means of production, money, land, factories and machines
*Proletariat - workers;
*workers will unite and bread their chains of bondage
*introduced Conflict Theory
*did not think of himself as a sociologist
,Question 4
Bourgeoisie
Correct Answer
Capitalists
they own the means of production - money, land, factories, and machines.
Question 5
Proletariat
Correct Answer
Workers
Question 6
Emile Durkheim
Correct Answer
*succeeded in getting sociology recognized as a separate academic discipline
*how social forces affect peoples behavior
*Social Integration
when all parts of society full their part it is in a "normal" state, if they do not fulfill their function it is in an
"abnormal" or pathological state. (functional analysis)
Question 7
Social Integration
Correct Answer
Degree to which people are tied to their social groups.
People with weaker social ties are more likely to commit suicide
Question 8
Applying Durkheim
Correct Answer
Patterns of behavior or recurring patterns or events
Question 9
Max Weber
Correct Answer
*used cross culture and historical materials to trace the cause of social change and how social groups affect
peoples orientation to life
*disagreed with Karl Marx
*Roman Catholics taught to hold on to tradition, protestant taught to embrace change
*Protestant ethic
Page 2 of 18
, Question 10
Protestant Ethic
Correct Answer
*looked for sign they were in Gods good grace
*financial success-live frugal lives, saving ant investing money "the spirit of capitalism"
This brought about capitalism
Question 11
Harriet Martineau
Correct Answer
*did writings because women were to focus on church, cooking, children and clothes
*early female sociologist
*viewed sociology as a path to reform and improve society (stop lynchings, integrate immigrants, improve
working conditions)
Question 12
W.E.B. DuBois
Correct Answer
black sociologist
Question 13
Jane Adams
Correct Answer
Sociologist and social reformer
*came from wealth and privilege
*founded Hull House with Ellen Gates Starr
Question 14
C. Wright Mills
Correct Answer
pushed sociologist to go back to push social reform
Question 15
Basic (or pure) sociology
Correct Answer
sociological research for the purpose of making discoveries about life in human groups, not for making changes in
those groups
Question 16
Applied Sociology
Correct Answer
the use of sociology to solve problems from classroom integration and family relationships to crime and pollution
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 3 of 18
