lOMoARcPSD|63525276
WGU D236 Pathophysiology
WGU D236 Pathophysiology 2025/2026 Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hhmgy4
1. Homeostasis process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
2. Intracellular Flu- fluid inside of the cell, 2/3 of body weight
id - mainly in muscle cells
3. Extracellular Flu- fluid outside of the cell, 1/3 of bodily fluids
id - blood vessels
- skin tissues
- spinal cord
4. Diffusion Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration.
5. Osmosis movement of fluid from an area of lower solute concentration to a higher concen
tration
6. Filtration water and solute movement occurs from an area of high hydrostatic pressure to
an area of low hydrostatic pressure
7. Osmolality the number of osmotically active particles per kg of water
8. Hypertonic osmolality greater than 300.
9. Hypotonic osmolality less than 300.
- osmotic pressure is more significant in the body
- fluids pulled from body into cell
10. An isotonic solu- 0.09% normal saline
tion
11. Interferons type of cytokine that signals cells to increase anti-viral defenses.
(IFNs) - are released by cells that are infected with a virus, causing other cells to beco
resistant to the virus
- play a role in tumor suppression
, lOMoARcPSD|63525276
WGU D236 Pathophysiology
WGU D236 Pathophysiology 2025/2026 Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hhmgy4
12. Hypervolemia fluid volume overload
13. Edema swelling of soft tissues because of excess fluid accumulation
14. Causes of edema -Increased hydrostatic (water) pressure
include: - Manifestation: High BP and pitting edema
- Renal Failure, Heart Failure
- Decreased colloid osmotic pressure
- low albumin
- cirrhosis, starvation
- bacteria infections/burns
- obstruction of lymphatic system (cancer or infection)
15. Symptoms of - weight gain
edema include: - hypertension
- jugular vein distention
- ALOC (altered level of consciousness)
- weakness
- increased urine output / or decreased in patients with renal failure
- Rapid RR (resp rate)
- shallow RR
- fluid in lungs
- diarrhea, hepatomegaly (enlarged liver), ascites
- low lab values
16. Hypovolemia fluid volume deficit
2025/2026
, lOMoARcPSD|63525276
WGU D236 Pathophysiology
WGU D236 Pathophysiology 2025/2026 Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hhmgy4
17. Symptoms of hy- - vomiting
povolemia in- - diarrhea
clude: - hot body & sweating
- fever
- heat stroke
- thyroid crisis
- urination
18. diabetes in- insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)
sipidus (DI)
19. Diabetes Ketoaci- -primary complication of type 1 diabetes
dosis (DKA) -the body produces excess ketones into the blood
-also referred to as diabetic acidosis or diabetic coma
20. Diuretics medications that reduce fluid volume in the body
- increase urine output
21. Name two diuret- furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide
ics
22. Symptoms of 3 - weight loss
D's include: - water loss
- low BP
- decreased CVP (central venous pressure)
- lethargy to coma
- weakness
- sunken eyes
- dry skin
- rapid and deep RR
- high lab values
23. Fluid Imbalance
WGU D236 Pathophysiology
WGU D236 Pathophysiology 2025/2026 Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hhmgy4
1. Homeostasis process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
2. Intracellular Flu- fluid inside of the cell, 2/3 of body weight
id - mainly in muscle cells
3. Extracellular Flu- fluid outside of the cell, 1/3 of bodily fluids
id - blood vessels
- skin tissues
- spinal cord
4. Diffusion Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration.
5. Osmosis movement of fluid from an area of lower solute concentration to a higher concen
tration
6. Filtration water and solute movement occurs from an area of high hydrostatic pressure to
an area of low hydrostatic pressure
7. Osmolality the number of osmotically active particles per kg of water
8. Hypertonic osmolality greater than 300.
9. Hypotonic osmolality less than 300.
- osmotic pressure is more significant in the body
- fluids pulled from body into cell
10. An isotonic solu- 0.09% normal saline
tion
11. Interferons type of cytokine that signals cells to increase anti-viral defenses.
(IFNs) - are released by cells that are infected with a virus, causing other cells to beco
resistant to the virus
- play a role in tumor suppression
, lOMoARcPSD|63525276
WGU D236 Pathophysiology
WGU D236 Pathophysiology 2025/2026 Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hhmgy4
12. Hypervolemia fluid volume overload
13. Edema swelling of soft tissues because of excess fluid accumulation
14. Causes of edema -Increased hydrostatic (water) pressure
include: - Manifestation: High BP and pitting edema
- Renal Failure, Heart Failure
- Decreased colloid osmotic pressure
- low albumin
- cirrhosis, starvation
- bacteria infections/burns
- obstruction of lymphatic system (cancer or infection)
15. Symptoms of - weight gain
edema include: - hypertension
- jugular vein distention
- ALOC (altered level of consciousness)
- weakness
- increased urine output / or decreased in patients with renal failure
- Rapid RR (resp rate)
- shallow RR
- fluid in lungs
- diarrhea, hepatomegaly (enlarged liver), ascites
- low lab values
16. Hypovolemia fluid volume deficit
2025/2026
, lOMoARcPSD|63525276
WGU D236 Pathophysiology
WGU D236 Pathophysiology 2025/2026 Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hhmgy4
17. Symptoms of hy- - vomiting
povolemia in- - diarrhea
clude: - hot body & sweating
- fever
- heat stroke
- thyroid crisis
- urination
18. diabetes in- insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)
sipidus (DI)
19. Diabetes Ketoaci- -primary complication of type 1 diabetes
dosis (DKA) -the body produces excess ketones into the blood
-also referred to as diabetic acidosis or diabetic coma
20. Diuretics medications that reduce fluid volume in the body
- increase urine output
21. Name two diuret- furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide
ics
22. Symptoms of 3 - weight loss
D's include: - water loss
- low BP
- decreased CVP (central venous pressure)
- lethargy to coma
- weakness
- sunken eyes
- dry skin
- rapid and deep RR
- high lab values
23. Fluid Imbalance
