ATI RN PEDIATRICS PROCTOR EXAM
2027 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Which
of the following developmental findings should the nurse expect for this age group?
A. Separation anxiety peaks and fear of strangers occurs
B. Egocentrism and the inability to see others’ perspectives
C. Development of a sense of industry through task mastery
D. Magical thinking and believing thoughts cause events
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Preschool-age children (3-6 years) exhibit magical thinking,
where they believe their thoughts can influence real-world events. Egocentrism is more
characteristic of toddlers (Piaget’s preoperational stage starts earlier but remains through
early preschool). Industry vs. Inferiority belongs to school-age children.
2. A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include regarding pancreatic enzyme replacement?
A. Administer enzymes only with the three main meals of the day.
,B. Increase the dosage if the child develops constipation.
C. Give enzymes with all meals and snacks.
D. Crush the enteric-coated beads to facilitate swallowing.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Children with cystic fibrosis require pancreatic enzymes with
every meal and snack to ensure proper absorption of fats and proteins due to pancreatic
insufficiency.
3. A nurse is assessing an infant who has coarctation of the aorta. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect?
A. Weak or absent femoral pulses
B. Bounding pulses in the lower extremities
C. Clubbing of the fingers and toes
D. Cyanotic spells during crying (Tet spells)
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing of the lumen of the aorta,
resulting in high blood pressure and bounding pulses in the arms, and weak or absent
femoral pulses with cooler lower extremities.
, 4. A nurse is caring for a toddler who has acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup). Which of
the following is the priority nursing assessment?
A. Assess for a barking, brassy cough.
B. Determine the child’s temperature.
C. Evaluate the child’s hydration status.
D. Monitor for signs of respiratory distress.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: While all options are relevant, monitoring for respiratory
distress (stridor, retractions, nasal flaring) is the priority because croup can lead to rapid
airway obstruction.
5. A nurse is caring for a child who has been admitted with suspected epiglottitis. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Obtain a throat culture to identify the causative agent.
B. Apply a warm compress to the child’s neck.
C. Prepare the child for a lateral neck x-ray.
D. Place the child in an upright position.
Answer: D
2027 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Which
of the following developmental findings should the nurse expect for this age group?
A. Separation anxiety peaks and fear of strangers occurs
B. Egocentrism and the inability to see others’ perspectives
C. Development of a sense of industry through task mastery
D. Magical thinking and believing thoughts cause events
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Preschool-age children (3-6 years) exhibit magical thinking,
where they believe their thoughts can influence real-world events. Egocentrism is more
characteristic of toddlers (Piaget’s preoperational stage starts earlier but remains through
early preschool). Industry vs. Inferiority belongs to school-age children.
2. A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include regarding pancreatic enzyme replacement?
A. Administer enzymes only with the three main meals of the day.
,B. Increase the dosage if the child develops constipation.
C. Give enzymes with all meals and snacks.
D. Crush the enteric-coated beads to facilitate swallowing.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Children with cystic fibrosis require pancreatic enzymes with
every meal and snack to ensure proper absorption of fats and proteins due to pancreatic
insufficiency.
3. A nurse is assessing an infant who has coarctation of the aorta. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect?
A. Weak or absent femoral pulses
B. Bounding pulses in the lower extremities
C. Clubbing of the fingers and toes
D. Cyanotic spells during crying (Tet spells)
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing of the lumen of the aorta,
resulting in high blood pressure and bounding pulses in the arms, and weak or absent
femoral pulses with cooler lower extremities.
, 4. A nurse is caring for a toddler who has acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup). Which of
the following is the priority nursing assessment?
A. Assess for a barking, brassy cough.
B. Determine the child’s temperature.
C. Evaluate the child’s hydration status.
D. Monitor for signs of respiratory distress.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: While all options are relevant, monitoring for respiratory
distress (stridor, retractions, nasal flaring) is the priority because croup can lead to rapid
airway obstruction.
5. A nurse is caring for a child who has been admitted with suspected epiglottitis. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Obtain a throat culture to identify the causative agent.
B. Apply a warm compress to the child’s neck.
C. Prepare the child for a lateral neck x-ray.
D. Place the child in an upright position.
Answer: D
