HESI - Medical Surgical Nursing Test Newest
2026/2027 Questions and Correct Detailed
Answers Already Graded A+
When a client is assessed, which behavior best indicates that he or she is
experiencing changes associated with acute pain?
a. inability to concentrate
b. expressed hopelessness
c. psychosocial withdrawal
d. anger and hostility - CORRECT ANSWER-A
The characteristics most common to chronic pain are psychosocial withdrawal,
anger and hostility, depression, and hopelessness. The inability to concentrate is
associated much more with acute pain, before any physiologic or behavioral
adaptation has occurred.
A nurse is caring for several clients at risk for overhydration. The nurse assesses
the older client with which finding first?
,A) Has had diabetes mellitus for 12 years
B) Had abdominal surgery and has a nasogastric tube
C) Just received 3 units of packed red blood cells
D) Uses sodium-containing antacids frequently - CORRECT ANSWER-C
Blood replacement therapy involves intravenous fluid administration, which
inherently increases the risk for overhydration. The fact that the fluid consists of
packed red blood cells greatly increases the risk, because this fluid increases the
colloidal oncotic pressure of the blood, causing fluid to move from interstitial and
intracellular spaces into the plasma volume. An older adult may not have
sufficient cardiac or renal reserve to manage this extra fluid.
The client with a stroke was admitted to a medical-surgical unit. Which tasks does
the nurse delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel?
A) Assess level of consciousness.
B) Evaluate the pulse oximetry reading.
C) Assist the client with meals.
D) Complete the nursing care plan. - CORRECT ANSWER-C
,The nurse needs to know the five rights of delegation: right task, right
circumstances, right person, right communication, and right supervision.
Unlicensed assistive personnel can help with feeding, but only the nurse can care
plan, assess the level of consciousness, and evaluate the oxygenation of the
client.
When describing patient education approaches, the nurse educator would explain
that informal teaching is an approach that
a. follows formalized plans
b. has standardized content
c. often occurs one-to-one
d. addresses group needs - CORRECT ANSWER-C. Informal teaching is
individualized one on one teaching which represents the majority of patient
education done by nurses that occurs when an intervention is explained or a
question is answered. Group needs are often the focus of formal patient
education courses or classes. Informal teaching does not necessarily follow a
specific formalized plan. It may be planned with specific content, but it is
individualized responses to patient needs. Formal teaching involves the use of a
curriculum/course plan with standardized content.
, A patient expresses a strong interest in returning to their work, family, and
hobbies after having a stroke. Which theory type would the nurse use to develop
a plan of care for the best results of this patient's motivation style?
a. field
b. biological
c. cognitive
d. sociologic - CORRECT ANSWER-C. Cognitive theorists believe that attention,
relevance, confidence, and satisfaction (ARCS) are the conditions that, when
integrated, motivate someone to learn. Field theorists place significance on how
achievement, power, the need for affiliation, and avoidance motives influence
individual behavior. Sociologic theories are not involved in motivation.
The nurse is assessing a group of clients. Which clients are at greater risk for
hypothermia or frostbite? (select all that apply)
a. an older woman with hypertension
b. a young man with a body mass index of 42
c. a young many who has just consumed six martinis
d. an older man who smokes a pack of cigarettes a day
e. a young woman who is anorexic
2026/2027 Questions and Correct Detailed
Answers Already Graded A+
When a client is assessed, which behavior best indicates that he or she is
experiencing changes associated with acute pain?
a. inability to concentrate
b. expressed hopelessness
c. psychosocial withdrawal
d. anger and hostility - CORRECT ANSWER-A
The characteristics most common to chronic pain are psychosocial withdrawal,
anger and hostility, depression, and hopelessness. The inability to concentrate is
associated much more with acute pain, before any physiologic or behavioral
adaptation has occurred.
A nurse is caring for several clients at risk for overhydration. The nurse assesses
the older client with which finding first?
,A) Has had diabetes mellitus for 12 years
B) Had abdominal surgery and has a nasogastric tube
C) Just received 3 units of packed red blood cells
D) Uses sodium-containing antacids frequently - CORRECT ANSWER-C
Blood replacement therapy involves intravenous fluid administration, which
inherently increases the risk for overhydration. The fact that the fluid consists of
packed red blood cells greatly increases the risk, because this fluid increases the
colloidal oncotic pressure of the blood, causing fluid to move from interstitial and
intracellular spaces into the plasma volume. An older adult may not have
sufficient cardiac or renal reserve to manage this extra fluid.
The client with a stroke was admitted to a medical-surgical unit. Which tasks does
the nurse delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel?
A) Assess level of consciousness.
B) Evaluate the pulse oximetry reading.
C) Assist the client with meals.
D) Complete the nursing care plan. - CORRECT ANSWER-C
,The nurse needs to know the five rights of delegation: right task, right
circumstances, right person, right communication, and right supervision.
Unlicensed assistive personnel can help with feeding, but only the nurse can care
plan, assess the level of consciousness, and evaluate the oxygenation of the
client.
When describing patient education approaches, the nurse educator would explain
that informal teaching is an approach that
a. follows formalized plans
b. has standardized content
c. often occurs one-to-one
d. addresses group needs - CORRECT ANSWER-C. Informal teaching is
individualized one on one teaching which represents the majority of patient
education done by nurses that occurs when an intervention is explained or a
question is answered. Group needs are often the focus of formal patient
education courses or classes. Informal teaching does not necessarily follow a
specific formalized plan. It may be planned with specific content, but it is
individualized responses to patient needs. Formal teaching involves the use of a
curriculum/course plan with standardized content.
, A patient expresses a strong interest in returning to their work, family, and
hobbies after having a stroke. Which theory type would the nurse use to develop
a plan of care for the best results of this patient's motivation style?
a. field
b. biological
c. cognitive
d. sociologic - CORRECT ANSWER-C. Cognitive theorists believe that attention,
relevance, confidence, and satisfaction (ARCS) are the conditions that, when
integrated, motivate someone to learn. Field theorists place significance on how
achievement, power, the need for affiliation, and avoidance motives influence
individual behavior. Sociologic theories are not involved in motivation.
The nurse is assessing a group of clients. Which clients are at greater risk for
hypothermia or frostbite? (select all that apply)
a. an older woman with hypertension
b. a young man with a body mass index of 42
c. a young many who has just consumed six martinis
d. an older man who smokes a pack of cigarettes a day
e. a young woman who is anorexic
