NUR 198 UPDATED TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Medical Management for Hemorrhoids - ✔✔Topical steroids, Sitz baths, Rubber
band ligation, Surgery if severe
✔✔Nursing Management for Hemorrhoids - ✔✔Pain control, Monitor bleeding, Stool
softeners
✔✔Client Teaching for Hemorrhoids - ✔✔High-fiber diet, Avoid straining, Hydration, Sitz
baths after BM
✔✔Appendicitis - ✔✔Inflammation of appendix → can rupture and cause peritonitis
✔✔Diagnostics for Appendicitis - ✔✔CT scan, CBC: ↑ WBC, Physical signs
(McBurney's point, rebound tenderness)
✔✔Clinical Manifestations of Appendicitis - ✔✔RLQ pain, N/V, Anorexia, Rebound
tenderness, Fever
✔✔Medical Management for Appendicitis - ✔✔NPO, IV fluids/antibiotics, Appendectomy
✔✔Nursing Management for Appendicitis - ✔✔Pain management, Avoid heat or
laxatives, Monitor for rupture (sudden pain relief → worsening)
✔✔Client Teaching for Appendicitis - ✔✔No heavy lifting post-op, Signs of infection,
Incision care
✔✔Constipation - ✔✔Slowed GI motility → hard, dry stools and infrequent bowel
movements
✔✔Diagnostics for Constipation - ✔✔Physical exam, Abdominal X-ray, Rule out
obstruction
, ✔✔Clinical Manifestations of Constipation - ✔✔Hard, dry stool, Straining, Infrequent BM
(<3/week), Abdominal discomfort
✔✔Medical Management for Constipation - ✔✔Bulk-forming agents (psyllium), Stool
softeners (docusate), Laxatives (senna, bisacodyl), Enemas (short-term)
✔✔Nursing Management for Constipation - ✔✔Monitor bowel habits, Encourage fluids
and activity, Fiber intake
✔✔Client Teaching for Constipation - ✔✔Hydration, Daily fiber (whole grains, veggies),
Avoid chronic laxative use, Go when the urge hits
✔✔Fecal Impaction - ✔✔Retention of hardened stool in rectum → blockage
✔✔Diagnostics for Fecal Impaction - ✔✔DRE, Abdominal X-ray
✔✔Clinical Manifestations of Fecal Impaction - ✔✔No BM for several days, Leakage of
liquid stool, Abdominal distension, N/V
✔✔Medical Management for Fecal Impaction - ✔✔Manual removal, Enemas, Laxatives
after clearance
✔✔Nursing Management for Fecal Impaction - ✔✔Monitor for vagal response (↓ HR
during removal), Administer stool softeners, Prevent recurrence
✔✔Client Teaching for Fecal Impaction - ✔✔Prevention is key, Daily fiber, hydration,
Monitor bowel frequency
✔✔Diarrhea - ✔✔↑ frequency or fluidity of stools from infections, meds, malabsorption
✔✔Diagnostics for Diarrhea - ✔✔Stool sample
✔✔Electrolyte labs - ✔✔Laboratory tests to assess electrolyte levels in the body.
✔✔Hydration assessment - ✔✔Evaluation of a patient's fluid status.
✔✔Loose stools - ✔✔Watery bowel movements often associated with diarrhea.
✔✔Abdominal cramping - ✔✔Pain or discomfort in the abdominal area due to muscle
contractions.
✔✔Dehydration - ✔✔Condition characterized by decreased skin turgor and dry mucosa.
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Medical Management for Hemorrhoids - ✔✔Topical steroids, Sitz baths, Rubber
band ligation, Surgery if severe
✔✔Nursing Management for Hemorrhoids - ✔✔Pain control, Monitor bleeding, Stool
softeners
✔✔Client Teaching for Hemorrhoids - ✔✔High-fiber diet, Avoid straining, Hydration, Sitz
baths after BM
✔✔Appendicitis - ✔✔Inflammation of appendix → can rupture and cause peritonitis
✔✔Diagnostics for Appendicitis - ✔✔CT scan, CBC: ↑ WBC, Physical signs
(McBurney's point, rebound tenderness)
✔✔Clinical Manifestations of Appendicitis - ✔✔RLQ pain, N/V, Anorexia, Rebound
tenderness, Fever
✔✔Medical Management for Appendicitis - ✔✔NPO, IV fluids/antibiotics, Appendectomy
✔✔Nursing Management for Appendicitis - ✔✔Pain management, Avoid heat or
laxatives, Monitor for rupture (sudden pain relief → worsening)
✔✔Client Teaching for Appendicitis - ✔✔No heavy lifting post-op, Signs of infection,
Incision care
✔✔Constipation - ✔✔Slowed GI motility → hard, dry stools and infrequent bowel
movements
✔✔Diagnostics for Constipation - ✔✔Physical exam, Abdominal X-ray, Rule out
obstruction
, ✔✔Clinical Manifestations of Constipation - ✔✔Hard, dry stool, Straining, Infrequent BM
(<3/week), Abdominal discomfort
✔✔Medical Management for Constipation - ✔✔Bulk-forming agents (psyllium), Stool
softeners (docusate), Laxatives (senna, bisacodyl), Enemas (short-term)
✔✔Nursing Management for Constipation - ✔✔Monitor bowel habits, Encourage fluids
and activity, Fiber intake
✔✔Client Teaching for Constipation - ✔✔Hydration, Daily fiber (whole grains, veggies),
Avoid chronic laxative use, Go when the urge hits
✔✔Fecal Impaction - ✔✔Retention of hardened stool in rectum → blockage
✔✔Diagnostics for Fecal Impaction - ✔✔DRE, Abdominal X-ray
✔✔Clinical Manifestations of Fecal Impaction - ✔✔No BM for several days, Leakage of
liquid stool, Abdominal distension, N/V
✔✔Medical Management for Fecal Impaction - ✔✔Manual removal, Enemas, Laxatives
after clearance
✔✔Nursing Management for Fecal Impaction - ✔✔Monitor for vagal response (↓ HR
during removal), Administer stool softeners, Prevent recurrence
✔✔Client Teaching for Fecal Impaction - ✔✔Prevention is key, Daily fiber, hydration,
Monitor bowel frequency
✔✔Diarrhea - ✔✔↑ frequency or fluidity of stools from infections, meds, malabsorption
✔✔Diagnostics for Diarrhea - ✔✔Stool sample
✔✔Electrolyte labs - ✔✔Laboratory tests to assess electrolyte levels in the body.
✔✔Hydration assessment - ✔✔Evaluation of a patient's fluid status.
✔✔Loose stools - ✔✔Watery bowel movements often associated with diarrhea.
✔✔Abdominal cramping - ✔✔Pain or discomfort in the abdominal area due to muscle
contractions.
✔✔Dehydration - ✔✔Condition characterized by decreased skin turgor and dry mucosa.
