NUR 198 CORRECT SET QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SET A+
✔✔H. pylori testing - ✔✔Diagnostic tests for Helicobacter pylori infection.
✔✔EGD (gold standard) - ✔✔Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, the best diagnostic
method for PUD.
✔✔Hemorrhage in PUD - ✔✔Emergency condition characterized by hematemesis or
melena.
✔✔Perforation in PUD - ✔✔Surgical emergency indicated by severe epigastric pain and
rigid abdomen.
✔✔Gastrectomy - ✔✔Surgical procedure to remove part or all of the stomach.
✔✔Pernicious Anemia After Gastrectomy - ✔✔Condition due to loss of intrinsic factor
leading to B12 deficiency.
✔✔Dumping Syndrome - ✔✔Condition post-gastrectomy characterized by rapid gastric
emptying.
✔✔Risk Factors for Gastric Cancer - ✔✔Includes smoked, salted, or pickled foods and
low fruit/vegetable diet.
✔✔Smoking - ✔✔A habit that can impact gastrointestinal health.
✔✔Genetics - ✔✔The study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics that
can influence gastrointestinal disorders.
✔✔EGD + biopsy - ✔✔A diagnostic procedure involving esophagogastroduodenoscopy
and tissue sampling.
,✔✔Chemo, radiation - ✔✔Types of management therapies used in the treatment of
gastrointestinal cancers.
✔✔Partial or total gastrectomy - ✔✔Surgical procedures involving the removal of part or
all of the stomach.
✔✔Manage pernicious anemia + dumping syndrome - ✔✔Management strategies for
complications arising from gastrointestinal surgeries.
✔✔Dietician + case manager involvement - ✔✔The inclusion of healthcare
professionals to assist in dietary and overall management.
✔✔Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - ✔✔A functional GI disorder characterized by
recurrent abdominal pain and bowel changes.
✔✔Rome IV criteria - ✔✔A set of diagnostic criteria for IBS involving recurrent
abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits.
✔✔Alternating constipation/diarrhea - ✔✔A clinical manifestation of IBS where patients
experience both constipation and diarrhea.
✔✔Antispasmodics (dicyclomine) - ✔✔Medications used in the medical management of
IBS to relieve spasms in the gastrointestinal tract.
✔✔Keep symptom diary - ✔✔A client teaching strategy to help identify triggers and
patterns in IBS symptoms.
✔✔Crohn's Disease - ✔✔Transmural inflammation (can affect entire GI tract, mostly
ileum)
✔✔Diagnostics for Crohn's Disease - ✔✔Colonoscopy
✔✔Clinical Manifestations of Crohn's Disease - ✔✔Diarrhea (non-bloody)
✔✔Medical Management for Crohn's Disease - ✔✔Corticosteroids
✔✔Nursing Management for Crohn's Disease - ✔✔Monitor for fistulas, malnutrition
✔✔Client Teaching for Crohn's Disease - ✔✔Smoking cessation
✔✔Ulcerative Colitis - ✔✔Superficial inflammation of colon/rectum
✔✔Diagnostics for Ulcerative Colitis - ✔✔Colonoscopy with biopsy
, ✔✔Clinical Manifestations of Ulcerative Colitis - ✔✔Bloody diarrhea
✔✔Medical Management for Ulcerative Colitis - ✔✔Mesalamine
✔✔Nursing Management for Ulcerative Colitis - ✔✔Monitor for anemia, dehydration
✔✔Client Teaching for Ulcerative Colitis - ✔✔Stress control
✔✔Older Adult - ✔✔Normal aging leads to decreased physiological reserve.
✔✔Diagnostics - ✔✔Functional assessments (ADLs, IADLs)
✔✔Clinical Manifestations - ✔✔Slower mobility
✔✔Medical Management - ✔✔Manage underlying chronic diseases
✔✔Nursing Management - ✔✔Fall prevention
✔✔Client Teaching - ✔✔Home safety (no rugs, good lighting)
✔✔Chronic Illness - ✔✔Long-term conditions that are generally progressive and
incurable (e.g., HF, DM, COPD)
✔✔Chronic Illness Diagnostics - ✔✔Depends on condition (e.g., HbA1c for DM, BNP for
HF)
✔✔Chronic Illness Clinical Manifestations - ✔✔Fatigue
✔✔Chronic Illness Medical Management - ✔✔Long-term medications
✔✔Chronic Illness Nursing Management - ✔✔Monitor disease progression
✔✔Fluid Volume Deficit (Hypovolemia) - ✔✔Fluid loss exceeds intake → ↓ intravascular
volume
✔✔Fluid Volume Deficit Causes - ✔✔vomiting, diarrhea, hemorrhage, diuretics, burns
✔✔Fluid Volume Deficit Diagnostics - ✔✔↑ HCT, ↑ BUN/Creatinine ratio, Urine specific
gravity >1.030, Low urine output
✔✔Fluid Volume Deficit Clinical Manifestations - ✔✔Tachycardia, hypotension, Dry
mucous membranes, Weak pulses, Confusion, Poor skin turgor, Decreased urine
output, Weight loss
SET A+
✔✔H. pylori testing - ✔✔Diagnostic tests for Helicobacter pylori infection.
✔✔EGD (gold standard) - ✔✔Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, the best diagnostic
method for PUD.
✔✔Hemorrhage in PUD - ✔✔Emergency condition characterized by hematemesis or
melena.
✔✔Perforation in PUD - ✔✔Surgical emergency indicated by severe epigastric pain and
rigid abdomen.
✔✔Gastrectomy - ✔✔Surgical procedure to remove part or all of the stomach.
✔✔Pernicious Anemia After Gastrectomy - ✔✔Condition due to loss of intrinsic factor
leading to B12 deficiency.
✔✔Dumping Syndrome - ✔✔Condition post-gastrectomy characterized by rapid gastric
emptying.
✔✔Risk Factors for Gastric Cancer - ✔✔Includes smoked, salted, or pickled foods and
low fruit/vegetable diet.
✔✔Smoking - ✔✔A habit that can impact gastrointestinal health.
✔✔Genetics - ✔✔The study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics that
can influence gastrointestinal disorders.
✔✔EGD + biopsy - ✔✔A diagnostic procedure involving esophagogastroduodenoscopy
and tissue sampling.
,✔✔Chemo, radiation - ✔✔Types of management therapies used in the treatment of
gastrointestinal cancers.
✔✔Partial or total gastrectomy - ✔✔Surgical procedures involving the removal of part or
all of the stomach.
✔✔Manage pernicious anemia + dumping syndrome - ✔✔Management strategies for
complications arising from gastrointestinal surgeries.
✔✔Dietician + case manager involvement - ✔✔The inclusion of healthcare
professionals to assist in dietary and overall management.
✔✔Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - ✔✔A functional GI disorder characterized by
recurrent abdominal pain and bowel changes.
✔✔Rome IV criteria - ✔✔A set of diagnostic criteria for IBS involving recurrent
abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits.
✔✔Alternating constipation/diarrhea - ✔✔A clinical manifestation of IBS where patients
experience both constipation and diarrhea.
✔✔Antispasmodics (dicyclomine) - ✔✔Medications used in the medical management of
IBS to relieve spasms in the gastrointestinal tract.
✔✔Keep symptom diary - ✔✔A client teaching strategy to help identify triggers and
patterns in IBS symptoms.
✔✔Crohn's Disease - ✔✔Transmural inflammation (can affect entire GI tract, mostly
ileum)
✔✔Diagnostics for Crohn's Disease - ✔✔Colonoscopy
✔✔Clinical Manifestations of Crohn's Disease - ✔✔Diarrhea (non-bloody)
✔✔Medical Management for Crohn's Disease - ✔✔Corticosteroids
✔✔Nursing Management for Crohn's Disease - ✔✔Monitor for fistulas, malnutrition
✔✔Client Teaching for Crohn's Disease - ✔✔Smoking cessation
✔✔Ulcerative Colitis - ✔✔Superficial inflammation of colon/rectum
✔✔Diagnostics for Ulcerative Colitis - ✔✔Colonoscopy with biopsy
, ✔✔Clinical Manifestations of Ulcerative Colitis - ✔✔Bloody diarrhea
✔✔Medical Management for Ulcerative Colitis - ✔✔Mesalamine
✔✔Nursing Management for Ulcerative Colitis - ✔✔Monitor for anemia, dehydration
✔✔Client Teaching for Ulcerative Colitis - ✔✔Stress control
✔✔Older Adult - ✔✔Normal aging leads to decreased physiological reserve.
✔✔Diagnostics - ✔✔Functional assessments (ADLs, IADLs)
✔✔Clinical Manifestations - ✔✔Slower mobility
✔✔Medical Management - ✔✔Manage underlying chronic diseases
✔✔Nursing Management - ✔✔Fall prevention
✔✔Client Teaching - ✔✔Home safety (no rugs, good lighting)
✔✔Chronic Illness - ✔✔Long-term conditions that are generally progressive and
incurable (e.g., HF, DM, COPD)
✔✔Chronic Illness Diagnostics - ✔✔Depends on condition (e.g., HbA1c for DM, BNP for
HF)
✔✔Chronic Illness Clinical Manifestations - ✔✔Fatigue
✔✔Chronic Illness Medical Management - ✔✔Long-term medications
✔✔Chronic Illness Nursing Management - ✔✔Monitor disease progression
✔✔Fluid Volume Deficit (Hypovolemia) - ✔✔Fluid loss exceeds intake → ↓ intravascular
volume
✔✔Fluid Volume Deficit Causes - ✔✔vomiting, diarrhea, hemorrhage, diuretics, burns
✔✔Fluid Volume Deficit Diagnostics - ✔✔↑ HCT, ↑ BUN/Creatinine ratio, Urine specific
gravity >1.030, Low urine output
✔✔Fluid Volume Deficit Clinical Manifestations - ✔✔Tachycardia, hypotension, Dry
mucous membranes, Weak pulses, Confusion, Poor skin turgor, Decreased urine
output, Weight loss
