NR 293 FINAL EXAM | COMPREHENSIVE PHARMACOLOGY STUDY GUIDE,
PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
Patient education for an asthmatic should include... - correct answer ✔✔-how to use a rescue inhaler
like albuterol at 1st sign of attack
-allergy testing to id specific triggers like animal dander, dust, grass
-avoiding allergens that they are sensitive to
Anticholinergic drugs block the parasympathetic nervous system causing decreased secretions - correct
answer ✔✔True
Eye drop medications for open angle glaucoma.... - correct answer ✔✔-must be continued on an
uninterrupted basis for life
-are taken daily to reduce introcular pressure & preserve remaining eyesight
-are intended to enhance aqueous outflow, decrease its production or both
Injections should be avoided in patients with hemophilia - correct answer ✔✔True
Medication error is defined as preventable adverse drug event that involves inappropriate medication
use by a pt or HCP - correct answer ✔✔True
Clonidine.... - correct answer ✔✔-has high incidence of adverse effects like orthostatic hypotension,
fatigue
-is an alpha 2 adrenergic agonist
-must not be discontinued abruptly leads to SEVERE REBOUND hypertension
Theophylline is a methylxanthine and is commonly used in the treatment of asthma - correct answer
✔✔True
Medications that block beta-2 receptors -"the olols" are contraindicated in patients with asthma - correct
answer ✔✔True
Montelukast is a leukotriene antagonist used in the treatment of asthma - correct answer ✔✔True
Prednisone is a corticosteroid used in the treatment of asthma - correct answer ✔✔True
Captropril - correct answer ✔✔-can cause tachycardia
-is an ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension
-patient should be taught to monitor and report a cough and dyspnea
-patient should be taught to take on an empty stomach to increase absorption
The potency of Nitroglycerin Tablets may be adversly affected by the environmental heat and light -
correct answer ✔✔True
Warfarin ... - correct answer ✔✔-brand names of warfarin are Coumadin® and Jantoven®
-anticoagulant prevent new clots from forming &keep clots fr getting larger
, -Bleeding is most common side effect of warfarin& can manifest in diff ways
-large changes amount of vitamin K in diet can change the way warfarin works
Patients on a heparin infusion... - correct answer ✔✔-Anti-factor Xa monitors anticoagulant therapy
=patient is a risk of bleeding HH is drawn to monitor for internal bleeding
=at risk of heparin induced thrombocytopenia-platelet-monitoringwill occur
=Anti-factor Xa measures plasma heparin &lowmolecularwieight heparin levels
Protamine reverses the effects of heparin - correct answer ✔✔True
A patient on a statin drug needs education regarding... - correct answer ✔✔-myopathy (muscle pain) -as
this can progress to rhabodmyolysis
-if they experience muscle pain they should notify HCP immediately
Oral iron administration patient teaching should include - correct answer ✔✔-taking with oj can help
decrease the gi side effects of iron
-taking with ascorbic acid (Vit C) this enhances absorption of iron
-DO NOT take with milk or antacids as it decreases absorption
-iron liquid can stain teeth use a straw and rinse mouth after taking
Ondansetron treats/prevents nausea & vomiting-is given 30-60 min prior to antineoplastic therapy to
prevent symptoms - correct answer ✔✔True
Bulk forming laxatives are available over the counter and are used for long term use - correct answer
✔✔True
Hyperosmotic laxatives are used for bowel preparation for diagnostic & surgical procedures - correct
answer ✔✔True
Stimulant laxatives are used for acute constipation& bowel preparation for diagnostic&surgical
procedures - correct answer ✔✔True
Spironolactone - correct answer ✔✔-adverse reactions include hyperkalemia and hyponatremia
-blocks effects of aldosterone in renal tubules causing loss of Na&H20
-is a potassium-sparingdiuretic
Diuretics accelerate the rate of urine formation causing excessive urination - correct answer ✔✔-True
Muscle weakness can be a sign of hypokalemia and should be reported to HCP - correct answer ✔✔True
Diuretics should be taken in the morning to help prevent nocturia which may result in lack of sleep -
correct answer ✔✔True
During diuretic therapy a patient should complete daily weights to monitor fluid volume gains and loses -
correct answer ✔✔True
Ondansetron use ... - correct answer ✔✔-can cause a headache as an adverse effect
-can cause urinary retention as an adverse effect
PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
Patient education for an asthmatic should include... - correct answer ✔✔-how to use a rescue inhaler
like albuterol at 1st sign of attack
-allergy testing to id specific triggers like animal dander, dust, grass
-avoiding allergens that they are sensitive to
Anticholinergic drugs block the parasympathetic nervous system causing decreased secretions - correct
answer ✔✔True
Eye drop medications for open angle glaucoma.... - correct answer ✔✔-must be continued on an
uninterrupted basis for life
-are taken daily to reduce introcular pressure & preserve remaining eyesight
-are intended to enhance aqueous outflow, decrease its production or both
Injections should be avoided in patients with hemophilia - correct answer ✔✔True
Medication error is defined as preventable adverse drug event that involves inappropriate medication
use by a pt or HCP - correct answer ✔✔True
Clonidine.... - correct answer ✔✔-has high incidence of adverse effects like orthostatic hypotension,
fatigue
-is an alpha 2 adrenergic agonist
-must not be discontinued abruptly leads to SEVERE REBOUND hypertension
Theophylline is a methylxanthine and is commonly used in the treatment of asthma - correct answer
✔✔True
Medications that block beta-2 receptors -"the olols" are contraindicated in patients with asthma - correct
answer ✔✔True
Montelukast is a leukotriene antagonist used in the treatment of asthma - correct answer ✔✔True
Prednisone is a corticosteroid used in the treatment of asthma - correct answer ✔✔True
Captropril - correct answer ✔✔-can cause tachycardia
-is an ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension
-patient should be taught to monitor and report a cough and dyspnea
-patient should be taught to take on an empty stomach to increase absorption
The potency of Nitroglycerin Tablets may be adversly affected by the environmental heat and light -
correct answer ✔✔True
Warfarin ... - correct answer ✔✔-brand names of warfarin are Coumadin® and Jantoven®
-anticoagulant prevent new clots from forming &keep clots fr getting larger
, -Bleeding is most common side effect of warfarin& can manifest in diff ways
-large changes amount of vitamin K in diet can change the way warfarin works
Patients on a heparin infusion... - correct answer ✔✔-Anti-factor Xa monitors anticoagulant therapy
=patient is a risk of bleeding HH is drawn to monitor for internal bleeding
=at risk of heparin induced thrombocytopenia-platelet-monitoringwill occur
=Anti-factor Xa measures plasma heparin &lowmolecularwieight heparin levels
Protamine reverses the effects of heparin - correct answer ✔✔True
A patient on a statin drug needs education regarding... - correct answer ✔✔-myopathy (muscle pain) -as
this can progress to rhabodmyolysis
-if they experience muscle pain they should notify HCP immediately
Oral iron administration patient teaching should include - correct answer ✔✔-taking with oj can help
decrease the gi side effects of iron
-taking with ascorbic acid (Vit C) this enhances absorption of iron
-DO NOT take with milk or antacids as it decreases absorption
-iron liquid can stain teeth use a straw and rinse mouth after taking
Ondansetron treats/prevents nausea & vomiting-is given 30-60 min prior to antineoplastic therapy to
prevent symptoms - correct answer ✔✔True
Bulk forming laxatives are available over the counter and are used for long term use - correct answer
✔✔True
Hyperosmotic laxatives are used for bowel preparation for diagnostic & surgical procedures - correct
answer ✔✔True
Stimulant laxatives are used for acute constipation& bowel preparation for diagnostic&surgical
procedures - correct answer ✔✔True
Spironolactone - correct answer ✔✔-adverse reactions include hyperkalemia and hyponatremia
-blocks effects of aldosterone in renal tubules causing loss of Na&H20
-is a potassium-sparingdiuretic
Diuretics accelerate the rate of urine formation causing excessive urination - correct answer ✔✔-True
Muscle weakness can be a sign of hypokalemia and should be reported to HCP - correct answer ✔✔True
Diuretics should be taken in the morning to help prevent nocturia which may result in lack of sleep -
correct answer ✔✔True
During diuretic therapy a patient should complete daily weights to monitor fluid volume gains and loses -
correct answer ✔✔True
Ondansetron use ... - correct answer ✔✔-can cause a headache as an adverse effect
-can cause urinary retention as an adverse effect
