WGU D236 PATHO - MEGAN/SHAY’S STUDY
GUIDES
1. What is the primary determinant of oncotic pressure?
*Answer√√ Albumin
2. Form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins
*Answer√√ Oncotic Pressure
3. What is the difference between adult and child immunity?
*Answer√√ Naive T Cells
4. Fluid and electrolyte levels are regulated by , which regu-
lates actions such as thirst, ADH, the kidneys, and RAAS.
*Answer√√ Osmoreceptors
5. What are the causes of dehydration?
*Answer√√ #Excessive loss #Inadequate intake
#Both
6. What s/sx are associated with dehydration?
,*Answer√√ #Dry mucous membranes #Decreased skin turgor
#Decreased urine output
#Low blood pressure
#Tachycardia
#Weak heart rate
#Confusion
7. A patient with a viral illness and severe vomiting has an elevated CO2 level
and pH of 7.53. She is breathing slowly. What condition does she have?
*Answer√√ Metabolic alkalosis
The patient's pH and CO2 levels are both elevated (moving in the same direction). This indicates metabolic alkalosis.
The CO2 level is high because her respiratory system is attempting to compensate for the high pH by exhaling less
and retaining more CO2.
8. Normal CO2 level
*Answer√√ 35-45
9. Normal pH level
, *Answer√√ 7.35-7.45
10. Normal HCO3 level
*Answer√√ 22-26
11. Michael's pulmonary edema leads to respiratory acidosis. How does pH
impact Michael's basal metabolic panel? Choose 3 answers.
His CO2 level is increased because his lungs have difficulty removing it from
the bloodstream.
His calcium level is reduced because the elevated concentration of H+ makes
, it easier for Ca+ to bind to albumin.
His CO2 level is decreased because his lungs have difficulty adding it into the
bloodstream.
His sodium level is decreased due to hypervolemia.
His K+ is elevated because, as H+ moves inside of cells in an attempt to get it
out of the bloodstream, K+ moves from cells into the bloodstream.
*Answer√√ His CO2 level is increased because his lungs have diflculty removing it from the bloodstream.
His sodium level is decreased due to hypervolemia.
His K+ is elevated because, as H+ moves inside of cells in an attempt to get it out of the bloodstream, K+ moves from
cells into the bloodstream.
12. A hormone panel was done on a patient with congestive heart failure
GUIDES
1. What is the primary determinant of oncotic pressure?
*Answer√√ Albumin
2. Form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins
*Answer√√ Oncotic Pressure
3. What is the difference between adult and child immunity?
*Answer√√ Naive T Cells
4. Fluid and electrolyte levels are regulated by , which regu-
lates actions such as thirst, ADH, the kidneys, and RAAS.
*Answer√√ Osmoreceptors
5. What are the causes of dehydration?
*Answer√√ #Excessive loss #Inadequate intake
#Both
6. What s/sx are associated with dehydration?
,*Answer√√ #Dry mucous membranes #Decreased skin turgor
#Decreased urine output
#Low blood pressure
#Tachycardia
#Weak heart rate
#Confusion
7. A patient with a viral illness and severe vomiting has an elevated CO2 level
and pH of 7.53. She is breathing slowly. What condition does she have?
*Answer√√ Metabolic alkalosis
The patient's pH and CO2 levels are both elevated (moving in the same direction). This indicates metabolic alkalosis.
The CO2 level is high because her respiratory system is attempting to compensate for the high pH by exhaling less
and retaining more CO2.
8. Normal CO2 level
*Answer√√ 35-45
9. Normal pH level
, *Answer√√ 7.35-7.45
10. Normal HCO3 level
*Answer√√ 22-26
11. Michael's pulmonary edema leads to respiratory acidosis. How does pH
impact Michael's basal metabolic panel? Choose 3 answers.
His CO2 level is increased because his lungs have difficulty removing it from
the bloodstream.
His calcium level is reduced because the elevated concentration of H+ makes
, it easier for Ca+ to bind to albumin.
His CO2 level is decreased because his lungs have difficulty adding it into the
bloodstream.
His sodium level is decreased due to hypervolemia.
His K+ is elevated because, as H+ moves inside of cells in an attempt to get it
out of the bloodstream, K+ moves from cells into the bloodstream.
*Answer√√ His CO2 level is increased because his lungs have diflculty removing it from the bloodstream.
His sodium level is decreased due to hypervolemia.
His K+ is elevated because, as H+ moves inside of cells in an attempt to get it out of the bloodstream, K+ moves from
cells into the bloodstream.
12. A hormone panel was done on a patient with congestive heart failure
