MED-SURG ATI QUIZ: IMMUNE AND
INFECTIONS QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Amnursemismassistingmwithmthemcaremofmamclientmwhomism2mdaysmpostop
erative.mWhichmofmthemfollowingmfindingsmshouldmalertmthemnursemthatmthe
mclientmismdevelopingmanminfection?
A.mTemperaturem100mF
B.mErythemamatmthemincisionmsite
C.mWBCmcountm9,000/mm3
D.mPainmreportedmasmam6monmam0mtom10mpainmratingmscalem-mans-
B.mErythemamatmthemincisionmsite
Rationale:mRedness,mormerythema,matmthemincisionmsitemismanminitialmmanif
estationmofmamwoundminfectionmandmrequiresminterventionmbymthemnurse.mA
mtemperaturemofm37.8°mCm(100°mF)mismwithinmthemexpectedmreferencemran
gemandmdoesmnotmindicatemthemclientmismdevelopingmanminfection.mThismW
BCmcountmismwithinmthemexpectedmreferencemrangemandmdoesmnotmindicate
mthemclientmismdevelopingmanminfection.mThemexpectedmreferencemrangemfor
mWBCmcountmismbetweenm5,000mtom10,000/
mm3.mAmpainmlevelmofm6monmam0mtom10mscalemformamclientmwhomism2
mdaysmpostoperativemwithoutmanymothermsignificantmfindingsmdoesmnotmindica
temthemclientmismdevelopingmanminfection.mThemclientmshouldmbemmedicated
mformpainmpromptly.
Amnursemismreinforcingmteachingmwithmamclientmwhomhasmtestedmpositivemf
ormanmallergymtomdustmaboutmhowmtomreducemhermexposuremtomthemallerg
en.mThemnursemshouldmdeterminemthatmthemclientmunderstandsmhowmtomred
ucemhermexposuremtomthismallergenmwhenmshemstatesmwhichmofmthemfollow
ing?
A.m"Imwillmbeginmvacuumingmoncemamweek"
B.m"Carpetingmthementiremhousemwillmbemverymexpensive,mbutmitmwillmbem
worthmit"
C.m"Imwillminstallmanmelectrostaticmfilterminmmymfurnace"
D.m"Installingmcurtainsmonmthemwindowsmwillmhelpmcontrolmthemdustminmthe
mhouse"m-mans-C.m"Imwillminstallmanmelectrostaticmfilterminmmymfurnace"
,Rationale:mThemnursemshouldminstructmthemclientmtominstallmanmelectrostatic
mfilterminmhermfurnacemtomcontrolmthemamountmofmdustminmthemhomemenvi
ronment.mThemnursemshouldminstructmthemclientmtomvacuummdailymtomdecre
asemthemamountmofmdustminmthemclient'smenvironment.mThemnursemshouldm
instructmthemclientmthatmcarpetingmshouldmbemremovedmfrommasmmanymroo
msmasmpossible,mespeciallymfrommthembedroommormanymothermcommonmare
asmwheremthemclientmspendsmtime.mCarpetmaccumulatesmlargemamountsmof
mdustminmthemclient'smenvironment.mThemnursemshouldminstructmthemclientmt
omremovemcurtainsmwithinmthemhousemandmreplacemthemmwithmpullmshades.
mPullmshadesmaccumulatemlessmdustmthanmcurtainsmandmcanmbemeasiermto
mclean.
Amnursemismreinforcingmdischargemteachingmwithmthempartnermofmamclientm
whomhasmacquiredmimmunodeficiencymsyndromem(AIDS).mWhichmofmthemfollo
wingmstatementsmbymthemclient'smpartnermindicatesmthemneedmformfurthermte
aching?
A.m"Imwillmdisposemspoiledmtissuesminmseparatemplasticmbags"
B.m"I'llmcleanmupmbloodmspillsmimmediatelymwithmhotmwater"
C.mImknowmthatmhandmwashingmismanmimportantmpreventivemmeasure"
D.m"Imwillmwashmsoiledmclothesminmhotmwater"m-mans-
B.m"I'llmcleanmupmbloodmspillsmimmediatelymwithmhotmwater"
Rationale:mThemclient'smpartnermshouldmcleanmbloodmormpotentiallymcontamina
tedmbodymsubstancesmwithmambleachmsolutionmandmwearmglovesmwhenmco
mingmintomcontactmwithmbloodmproducts.mThemclient'smpartnermshouldmusem
amseparatemplasticmbagmtomdisposemsoiledmtissues.mAnymitemsmthatmcannot
mbemdisposedmofminmthemtoiletmshouldmbemkeptminmamclosedmplasticmbag
muntilmtrashmdisposal.mThemclient'smpartnermshouldmimplementmmeasuresmsu
chmasmhandmwashingmtompreventmthemspreadmofminfection.mThemclient'smp
artnermshouldmwashmsoiledmclothesminmhotmwatermalongmwithm1mcupmofmbl
eachmtomcleanmclothing.
Amnursemismcollectingmdatamfrommamclientmwhomhasmanmexacerbationmofm
herpesmzoster.mWhichmofmthemfollowingmmanifestationsmofmthemclient'smskin
mshouldmthemnursemexpectmtomsee?
A.mConfluent,mhoney-colored,mcrustedmlesions
B.mLargemtendermnodulemlocatedmonmamhairmfollicle
C.mUnilateral,mlocalized,mnodularmskinmlesions
D.mAmfluid-filledmvesicularmrashminmthemgenitalmregionm-mans-
C.mUnilateral,mlocalized,mnodularmskinmlesions
Rationale:mHerpesmzoster,mormshingles,mresultsmfrommthemreactivationmofma
mdormantmvaricellamvirus.mItmismthemacute,munilateralminflammationmofmthem
dorsalmrootmganglion.mTheminfectionmtypicallymdevelopsminmadultsmandmprodu
, cesmlocalizedmvesicularmlesionsmconfinedmtomamdermatome.mItmproducesmunil
ateral,mlocalized,mnodularmskinmlesions.mConfluentm(gatheredmtogether),mhoney
-
colored,mcrustedmlesionsmaremtypicallymassociatedmwithmimpetigo.mThismdescri
besmamfurunclemormbacterialminfectionmonmamhairmfollicle.mThismmanifestatio
nmindicatesmgenitalmherpes,mwhichmismcausedmbymthemherpesmsimplexmviru
s.
Amnursemismreinforcingmteachingmwithmamfemalemclientmwhomhasmamnewm
diagnosismofmsystemicmlupusmerythematosusm(SLE)maboutmfactorsmthatmcanm
triggermanmexacerbationmofmSLE.mThemnursemshouldmdeterminemthatmthemcl
ientmrequiresmfurthermteachingmwhenmshemidentifiesmwhichmofmthemfollowing
masmamfactormthatmcanmexacerbatemSLE?
A.mExercise
B.mPregnancy
C.mInfection
D.mSunlightm-mans-A.mExercise
Rationale:mSLEmismamchronicmautoimmunemdiseasemthatmdevelopsmwhenmth
emimmunemsystemmbecomesmhyperactivemandmattacksmhealthymbodymtissue.
mThismattackmresultsminmgeneralizedminflammationmandmthemmanifestationsma
ssociatedmwithmthemspecificminvolvedmtissues.mMostmclientsmwhomhavemSLE
mcanmfollowmanmexercisemprogrammtomincreasemthemaerobicmcapacitymofmc
ellsmandmimprovemimmunemfunction,mandmthemclientmshouldmdevelopmsuchm
amprogrammwithmhermprovider'smassistance.mThismclientmneedsmadditionalmte
achingmaboutmthemimportancemofmexercisemtomkeepmhermmusclesmandmjoint
smactive.mDuemtomhormonalmchanges,mpregnancymcanmexacerbatemSLE.mTh
emnursemshouldmadvisemthemclientmofmthemrisks.mIfmthemclientmbecomesmp
regnant,mshemshouldmbemmonitoredmcloselymformrenalmandmcardiovascularmef
fects.mInfections,mespeciallymstreptococcalmormviralminfections,mstressmthembod
ymandmcanmtriggermanmexacerbationmofmSLE.mInmaddition,mmanymclientsmw
homhavemSLEmtakemsteroids,mplacingmthemmatmhighermriskmforminfection.mE
xposuremtomsunlightmandmartificialmultravioletmlightmismthemleadingmcausemof
mSLEmexacerbations,mespeciallymthemcharacteristicmskinmlesionsmandmbutterfly
mrash.mClientsmshouldmusemamsunscreenmwithmamhighmsolarmprotectionmfac
torm(SPF),mandmcovermtheirmskinmwithmappropriatemclothingmandmhatsmwhen
mtheymmustmbemexposedmtomsunlight.
AmnursemismreinforcingmteachingmwithmanmAPmwhomismcaringmformamclient
mwhomhasmactivempulmonarymtuberculosis,mwasmplacedmonmairbornemprecaut
ions,mandmismscheduledmformamchestmx-
ray.mWhichmofmthemfollowingminstructionsmshouldmthemnursemincludeminmthe
mteaching?
A.mHavemthemclientmwearmamsurgicalmmask
INFECTIONS QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Amnursemismassistingmwithmthemcaremofmamclientmwhomism2mdaysmpostop
erative.mWhichmofmthemfollowingmfindingsmshouldmalertmthemnursemthatmthe
mclientmismdevelopingmanminfection?
A.mTemperaturem100mF
B.mErythemamatmthemincisionmsite
C.mWBCmcountm9,000/mm3
D.mPainmreportedmasmam6monmam0mtom10mpainmratingmscalem-mans-
B.mErythemamatmthemincisionmsite
Rationale:mRedness,mormerythema,matmthemincisionmsitemismanminitialmmanif
estationmofmamwoundminfectionmandmrequiresminterventionmbymthemnurse.mA
mtemperaturemofm37.8°mCm(100°mF)mismwithinmthemexpectedmreferencemran
gemandmdoesmnotmindicatemthemclientmismdevelopingmanminfection.mThismW
BCmcountmismwithinmthemexpectedmreferencemrangemandmdoesmnotmindicate
mthemclientmismdevelopingmanminfection.mThemexpectedmreferencemrangemfor
mWBCmcountmismbetweenm5,000mtom10,000/
mm3.mAmpainmlevelmofm6monmam0mtom10mscalemformamclientmwhomism2
mdaysmpostoperativemwithoutmanymothermsignificantmfindingsmdoesmnotmindica
temthemclientmismdevelopingmanminfection.mThemclientmshouldmbemmedicated
mformpainmpromptly.
Amnursemismreinforcingmteachingmwithmamclientmwhomhasmtestedmpositivemf
ormanmallergymtomdustmaboutmhowmtomreducemhermexposuremtomthemallerg
en.mThemnursemshouldmdeterminemthatmthemclientmunderstandsmhowmtomred
ucemhermexposuremtomthismallergenmwhenmshemstatesmwhichmofmthemfollow
ing?
A.m"Imwillmbeginmvacuumingmoncemamweek"
B.m"Carpetingmthementiremhousemwillmbemverymexpensive,mbutmitmwillmbem
worthmit"
C.m"Imwillminstallmanmelectrostaticmfilterminmmymfurnace"
D.m"Installingmcurtainsmonmthemwindowsmwillmhelpmcontrolmthemdustminmthe
mhouse"m-mans-C.m"Imwillminstallmanmelectrostaticmfilterminmmymfurnace"
,Rationale:mThemnursemshouldminstructmthemclientmtominstallmanmelectrostatic
mfilterminmhermfurnacemtomcontrolmthemamountmofmdustminmthemhomemenvi
ronment.mThemnursemshouldminstructmthemclientmtomvacuummdailymtomdecre
asemthemamountmofmdustminmthemclient'smenvironment.mThemnursemshouldm
instructmthemclientmthatmcarpetingmshouldmbemremovedmfrommasmmanymroo
msmasmpossible,mespeciallymfrommthembedroommormanymothermcommonmare
asmwheremthemclientmspendsmtime.mCarpetmaccumulatesmlargemamountsmof
mdustminmthemclient'smenvironment.mThemnursemshouldminstructmthemclientmt
omremovemcurtainsmwithinmthemhousemandmreplacemthemmwithmpullmshades.
mPullmshadesmaccumulatemlessmdustmthanmcurtainsmandmcanmbemeasiermto
mclean.
Amnursemismreinforcingmdischargemteachingmwithmthempartnermofmamclientm
whomhasmacquiredmimmunodeficiencymsyndromem(AIDS).mWhichmofmthemfollo
wingmstatementsmbymthemclient'smpartnermindicatesmthemneedmformfurthermte
aching?
A.m"Imwillmdisposemspoiledmtissuesminmseparatemplasticmbags"
B.m"I'llmcleanmupmbloodmspillsmimmediatelymwithmhotmwater"
C.mImknowmthatmhandmwashingmismanmimportantmpreventivemmeasure"
D.m"Imwillmwashmsoiledmclothesminmhotmwater"m-mans-
B.m"I'llmcleanmupmbloodmspillsmimmediatelymwithmhotmwater"
Rationale:mThemclient'smpartnermshouldmcleanmbloodmormpotentiallymcontamina
tedmbodymsubstancesmwithmambleachmsolutionmandmwearmglovesmwhenmco
mingmintomcontactmwithmbloodmproducts.mThemclient'smpartnermshouldmusem
amseparatemplasticmbagmtomdisposemsoiledmtissues.mAnymitemsmthatmcannot
mbemdisposedmofminmthemtoiletmshouldmbemkeptminmamclosedmplasticmbag
muntilmtrashmdisposal.mThemclient'smpartnermshouldmimplementmmeasuresmsu
chmasmhandmwashingmtompreventmthemspreadmofminfection.mThemclient'smp
artnermshouldmwashmsoiledmclothesminmhotmwatermalongmwithm1mcupmofmbl
eachmtomcleanmclothing.
Amnursemismcollectingmdatamfrommamclientmwhomhasmanmexacerbationmofm
herpesmzoster.mWhichmofmthemfollowingmmanifestationsmofmthemclient'smskin
mshouldmthemnursemexpectmtomsee?
A.mConfluent,mhoney-colored,mcrustedmlesions
B.mLargemtendermnodulemlocatedmonmamhairmfollicle
C.mUnilateral,mlocalized,mnodularmskinmlesions
D.mAmfluid-filledmvesicularmrashminmthemgenitalmregionm-mans-
C.mUnilateral,mlocalized,mnodularmskinmlesions
Rationale:mHerpesmzoster,mormshingles,mresultsmfrommthemreactivationmofma
mdormantmvaricellamvirus.mItmismthemacute,munilateralminflammationmofmthem
dorsalmrootmganglion.mTheminfectionmtypicallymdevelopsminmadultsmandmprodu
, cesmlocalizedmvesicularmlesionsmconfinedmtomamdermatome.mItmproducesmunil
ateral,mlocalized,mnodularmskinmlesions.mConfluentm(gatheredmtogether),mhoney
-
colored,mcrustedmlesionsmaremtypicallymassociatedmwithmimpetigo.mThismdescri
besmamfurunclemormbacterialminfectionmonmamhairmfollicle.mThismmanifestatio
nmindicatesmgenitalmherpes,mwhichmismcausedmbymthemherpesmsimplexmviru
s.
Amnursemismreinforcingmteachingmwithmamfemalemclientmwhomhasmamnewm
diagnosismofmsystemicmlupusmerythematosusm(SLE)maboutmfactorsmthatmcanm
triggermanmexacerbationmofmSLE.mThemnursemshouldmdeterminemthatmthemcl
ientmrequiresmfurthermteachingmwhenmshemidentifiesmwhichmofmthemfollowing
masmamfactormthatmcanmexacerbatemSLE?
A.mExercise
B.mPregnancy
C.mInfection
D.mSunlightm-mans-A.mExercise
Rationale:mSLEmismamchronicmautoimmunemdiseasemthatmdevelopsmwhenmth
emimmunemsystemmbecomesmhyperactivemandmattacksmhealthymbodymtissue.
mThismattackmresultsminmgeneralizedminflammationmandmthemmanifestationsma
ssociatedmwithmthemspecificminvolvedmtissues.mMostmclientsmwhomhavemSLE
mcanmfollowmanmexercisemprogrammtomincreasemthemaerobicmcapacitymofmc
ellsmandmimprovemimmunemfunction,mandmthemclientmshouldmdevelopmsuchm
amprogrammwithmhermprovider'smassistance.mThismclientmneedsmadditionalmte
achingmaboutmthemimportancemofmexercisemtomkeepmhermmusclesmandmjoint
smactive.mDuemtomhormonalmchanges,mpregnancymcanmexacerbatemSLE.mTh
emnursemshouldmadvisemthemclientmofmthemrisks.mIfmthemclientmbecomesmp
regnant,mshemshouldmbemmonitoredmcloselymformrenalmandmcardiovascularmef
fects.mInfections,mespeciallymstreptococcalmormviralminfections,mstressmthembod
ymandmcanmtriggermanmexacerbationmofmSLE.mInmaddition,mmanymclientsmw
homhavemSLEmtakemsteroids,mplacingmthemmatmhighermriskmforminfection.mE
xposuremtomsunlightmandmartificialmultravioletmlightmismthemleadingmcausemof
mSLEmexacerbations,mespeciallymthemcharacteristicmskinmlesionsmandmbutterfly
mrash.mClientsmshouldmusemamsunscreenmwithmamhighmsolarmprotectionmfac
torm(SPF),mandmcovermtheirmskinmwithmappropriatemclothingmandmhatsmwhen
mtheymmustmbemexposedmtomsunlight.
AmnursemismreinforcingmteachingmwithmanmAPmwhomismcaringmformamclient
mwhomhasmactivempulmonarymtuberculosis,mwasmplacedmonmairbornemprecaut
ions,mandmismscheduledmformamchestmx-
ray.mWhichmofmthemfollowingminstructionsmshouldmthemnursemincludeminmthe
mteaching?
A.mHavemthemclientmwearmamsurgicalmmask
