NU 300 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
identifykchangeskinkthekimmunekresponsekwhichkimpactkindividualskasktheykagek-
kans-peakkimmunekfunctionk20-30kandkdeclineskafter
agingkcauses:klesskleukocytosis,kdiminishedkneutrophilkproduction,kpoorkfeverkresp
onse,kdecreasedknumberkandkresponsekofkantibodies,kdecreasedkthymus/
Tkcellkactivity
whatkiskthekpurposekofkthekinflammatorykprocess?k-kans-
startskantibodykandkcellkmediatedkimmunekresponses;kimmediate/
adaptivekimmunityktokridkbodykofkforeignkinvaders
whatks/skidentifykthekinflammatorykprocesskiskoccurringkinkakperson?k-kans-
pain,kheat,kredness,kswelling
whenkandkhowklongkshouldkthekinflammatorykresponsekbeginkandklast?k-kans-
beginskatktimekofkinjurykandkendskoncekhealingkiskcompleted
describekthekprocesskofkdevelopingkantibodiesk(primarykresponse)kandkthekactivati
onkofkantibodiesk(secondarykresponse)k-kans-
antigenkpresentedktokBkcell,kantibodykproducedkandkreleased,kantibodykbindingka
ndkattractingkotherkkillerkcells
whatkarekexpectedklaboratorykvalueskinkakpersonkwithkankinfection?k-kans-
increasedkWBC,kincreasedkhistamine,kincreasedkleukotrines
whatkdoeskitkmeankifkakpersonkwithkaksuspectedkinfectionkdoesknotkhavekthekex
pectedkvalues?k-kans-immunocompromised
s/skofkGIkinfectionk-kans-decreasedkacidkandkmotility,kn/v,kdiarrhea
s/skofkurinaryktractkinfectionk-kans-
lowerkabdominalkpain,kdysuria,kurgency,ksuprapubicktenderness
s/skofkrespiratoryksystemkinfectionk-kans-
decreasedkcoughkandkgagkreflex,kdecreasedkSpO2,kalteredkbreathingkpattern
, s/skofkskinkandkmucouskmembranekinfectionk-kans-
thinningkskin,kdecreasedksubqktissue,kdecreasedkvascularity,kslowerkwoundkhealin
g,kbruising,kbleeding,kpus
whokiskmostklikelyktokhavekaklatexkallergy?k-kans-
healthcarekworkers,kmultipleksurgeries,kotherkallergies
whatkpatientkpopulationskshouldkstandardkprecautionskbekusedkwith?k-kans-
allkpopulations
howkshouldkroomkassignmentskbekmadekbasedkonkinfectionkstatuskandkimmunoc
ompromised?k-kans-
privatekroomskforkairbornekprecautions,khighkrisk,kcontactkprecautions,kdropletkpre
cautions
cohortingkforkthosekwhokhavektheksamekorganism/status
whatkpatientkpopulationskshouldkairbornekprecautionskbekusedkwith?k-kans-
tb,kmeasles,kchickenpox
whatkpatientkpopulationskshouldkdropletkprecautionskbekusedkwith?k-kans-
flu,kmumps,kpertussis,kmeningitis
whatkpatientkpopulationskshouldkcontactkprecautionskbekusedkwith?k-kans-
mrsa,kvre,klice,kscabies,krsv,kc.kdiff
whatkmeasureskpreventkthekspreadkofkmrsakandkotherkmdrokinfections?k-kans-
handkhygiene,kavoidkclosekcontactkwithkpeoplekwithkinfectiouskwounds,kavoidklarg
ekcrowds,kavoidkcontaminatedksurfaces,kusekgoodkoverallkhygiene
howkarekbiofilmskidentifiedkbyktheknurse?k-kans-
usuallykonkcatheters,korthopedickimplants,kfeedingktubes,kteeth,kwoundkedges;kco
mplexkgroupkofkmicroorganisms-kslimy
howkarekbiofilmskpreventedkorkmanaged?k-kans-
antimicrobialkcatheters,kmechanicalkdisruption
whatkshouldkbekassessedkinkpatientskwithkinfection?k-kans-HX,kage,ktobacco/
alcohol/
drugkuse,kconcurrentkillnesses,kmeds,kvaccines,ktravel,kHXkofkmdros,kexposurekto
ksick/contaminatedkwater/
food,kanimalkcontact,kleisurekactivities,ksexualkHX,ktransfusionkHX,ks/
skpattern,kphysicalkassessment,kn/v/d,klabs,kimaging
howkcanktheksourcekofkankinfection/feverkbekeliminated?k-kans-
antimicrobials,kantipyretics
ANSWERS
identifykchangeskinkthekimmunekresponsekwhichkimpactkindividualskasktheykagek-
kans-peakkimmunekfunctionk20-30kandkdeclineskafter
agingkcauses:klesskleukocytosis,kdiminishedkneutrophilkproduction,kpoorkfeverkresp
onse,kdecreasedknumberkandkresponsekofkantibodies,kdecreasedkthymus/
Tkcellkactivity
whatkiskthekpurposekofkthekinflammatorykprocess?k-kans-
startskantibodykandkcellkmediatedkimmunekresponses;kimmediate/
adaptivekimmunityktokridkbodykofkforeignkinvaders
whatks/skidentifykthekinflammatorykprocesskiskoccurringkinkakperson?k-kans-
pain,kheat,kredness,kswelling
whenkandkhowklongkshouldkthekinflammatorykresponsekbeginkandklast?k-kans-
beginskatktimekofkinjurykandkendskoncekhealingkiskcompleted
describekthekprocesskofkdevelopingkantibodiesk(primarykresponse)kandkthekactivati
onkofkantibodiesk(secondarykresponse)k-kans-
antigenkpresentedktokBkcell,kantibodykproducedkandkreleased,kantibodykbindingka
ndkattractingkotherkkillerkcells
whatkarekexpectedklaboratorykvalueskinkakpersonkwithkankinfection?k-kans-
increasedkWBC,kincreasedkhistamine,kincreasedkleukotrines
whatkdoeskitkmeankifkakpersonkwithkaksuspectedkinfectionkdoesknotkhavekthekex
pectedkvalues?k-kans-immunocompromised
s/skofkGIkinfectionk-kans-decreasedkacidkandkmotility,kn/v,kdiarrhea
s/skofkurinaryktractkinfectionk-kans-
lowerkabdominalkpain,kdysuria,kurgency,ksuprapubicktenderness
s/skofkrespiratoryksystemkinfectionk-kans-
decreasedkcoughkandkgagkreflex,kdecreasedkSpO2,kalteredkbreathingkpattern
, s/skofkskinkandkmucouskmembranekinfectionk-kans-
thinningkskin,kdecreasedksubqktissue,kdecreasedkvascularity,kslowerkwoundkhealin
g,kbruising,kbleeding,kpus
whokiskmostklikelyktokhavekaklatexkallergy?k-kans-
healthcarekworkers,kmultipleksurgeries,kotherkallergies
whatkpatientkpopulationskshouldkstandardkprecautionskbekusedkwith?k-kans-
allkpopulations
howkshouldkroomkassignmentskbekmadekbasedkonkinfectionkstatuskandkimmunoc
ompromised?k-kans-
privatekroomskforkairbornekprecautions,khighkrisk,kcontactkprecautions,kdropletkpre
cautions
cohortingkforkthosekwhokhavektheksamekorganism/status
whatkpatientkpopulationskshouldkairbornekprecautionskbekusedkwith?k-kans-
tb,kmeasles,kchickenpox
whatkpatientkpopulationskshouldkdropletkprecautionskbekusedkwith?k-kans-
flu,kmumps,kpertussis,kmeningitis
whatkpatientkpopulationskshouldkcontactkprecautionskbekusedkwith?k-kans-
mrsa,kvre,klice,kscabies,krsv,kc.kdiff
whatkmeasureskpreventkthekspreadkofkmrsakandkotherkmdrokinfections?k-kans-
handkhygiene,kavoidkclosekcontactkwithkpeoplekwithkinfectiouskwounds,kavoidklarg
ekcrowds,kavoidkcontaminatedksurfaces,kusekgoodkoverallkhygiene
howkarekbiofilmskidentifiedkbyktheknurse?k-kans-
usuallykonkcatheters,korthopedickimplants,kfeedingktubes,kteeth,kwoundkedges;kco
mplexkgroupkofkmicroorganisms-kslimy
howkarekbiofilmskpreventedkorkmanaged?k-kans-
antimicrobialkcatheters,kmechanicalkdisruption
whatkshouldkbekassessedkinkpatientskwithkinfection?k-kans-HX,kage,ktobacco/
alcohol/
drugkuse,kconcurrentkillnesses,kmeds,kvaccines,ktravel,kHXkofkmdros,kexposurekto
ksick/contaminatedkwater/
food,kanimalkcontact,kleisurekactivities,ksexualkHX,ktransfusionkHX,ks/
skpattern,kphysicalkassessment,kn/v/d,klabs,kimaging
howkcanktheksourcekofkankinfection/feverkbekeliminated?k-kans-
antimicrobials,kantipyretics
