Biology 101 Chapters 1–3 Questions & Answers 2026 |
High-Yield Review | Graded A+
1. Which of the following is universal among all species?
ATP
DNA
Genetic code
Enzymes
All of the above
2. What is a major difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
Saturated fat molecules are packed together loosely, but unsaturated
fats are tightly packed.
Unsaturated fats have a flat molecular structure, but saturated fats are
kinked.
At room temperature, saturated fats are liquid and unsaturated fats are
solid.
Unsaturated fats contain carbon-to-carbon double bonds, but
saturated fats don't.
3. What is the valence shell?
It is the outermost shell of electrons in an atom.
It is the same as the orbital configuration.
It is the shell of electrons in element V (atomic no. = 23)
It is the shell of electrons in an atom that is the least reactive.
,4. If a scientist exposes a protein to extreme heat, what is the likely outcome
regarding its structure and function?
The protein will replicate itself.
The protein will remain unchanged.
The protein will denature, losing its functional properties.
The protein will become more efficient in its function.
5. The first prokaryotes, domain Archaea, live in environments so extreme that
few other organisms can survive there. Such organisms are called _.
Extremophiles
Decomposers
Archaeaophiles
Methanogens
6. What is one of the primary roles of adipose tissue in the human body?
Stores glucose for energy
Produces hormones for metabolism
Transports oxygen in the blood
Cushions vital organs and insulates the body
7. What is one primary reason for cell division in living organisms?
Energy production
Protein synthesis
Growth and repair
Photosynthesis
,8. DNA is 'universal'. This means that...
DNA can be transferred between organisms of different species
All of the above are true
DNA can be transferred between organisms of the same species
All organisms use the same A, T, C, and G nucleotides
9. The role of nucleic acids in cells is to:
store genetic information
provide energy (ATP)
carry out chemical reactions
produce cell membranes
10. An electron has a negative electrical charge.
false
true
11. If a food product contains hydrogenated oils, what type of fat is likely
present, and what health implications might it have?
Trans fats, which can increase the risk of heart disease.
Monounsaturated fats, which have no health implications.
Polyunsaturated fats, which are essential for brain function.
Saturated fats, which are beneficial for heart health.
12. What is the definition of an atom in the context of elements?
An atom is a form of energy.
, An atom is the smallest particle of an element.
An atom is a collection of cells.
An atom is a type of molecule.
13. Describe the relationship between amino acids and proteins.
Amino acids are produced by proteins during digestion.
Proteins are made up of fatty acids and glycerol.
Proteins consist of nucleotides linked together.
Amino acids are the monomers that link together to form proteins.
14. What is the scientific study of life and living organisms called?
Biology
Chemistry
Ecology
Physics
15. Describe the relationship between protons, neutrons, and atomic mass.
Atomic mass is the average mass of all isotopes of an element.
Atomic mass is solely determined by the number of protons.
Atomic mass includes only the mass of electrons.
Atomic mass is the total number of protons and neutrons in an
atom's nucleus.
16. Describe how the concept of 'form fit function' can be illustrated with an
example from nature.
High-Yield Review | Graded A+
1. Which of the following is universal among all species?
ATP
DNA
Genetic code
Enzymes
All of the above
2. What is a major difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
Saturated fat molecules are packed together loosely, but unsaturated
fats are tightly packed.
Unsaturated fats have a flat molecular structure, but saturated fats are
kinked.
At room temperature, saturated fats are liquid and unsaturated fats are
solid.
Unsaturated fats contain carbon-to-carbon double bonds, but
saturated fats don't.
3. What is the valence shell?
It is the outermost shell of electrons in an atom.
It is the same as the orbital configuration.
It is the shell of electrons in element V (atomic no. = 23)
It is the shell of electrons in an atom that is the least reactive.
,4. If a scientist exposes a protein to extreme heat, what is the likely outcome
regarding its structure and function?
The protein will replicate itself.
The protein will remain unchanged.
The protein will denature, losing its functional properties.
The protein will become more efficient in its function.
5. The first prokaryotes, domain Archaea, live in environments so extreme that
few other organisms can survive there. Such organisms are called _.
Extremophiles
Decomposers
Archaeaophiles
Methanogens
6. What is one of the primary roles of adipose tissue in the human body?
Stores glucose for energy
Produces hormones for metabolism
Transports oxygen in the blood
Cushions vital organs and insulates the body
7. What is one primary reason for cell division in living organisms?
Energy production
Protein synthesis
Growth and repair
Photosynthesis
,8. DNA is 'universal'. This means that...
DNA can be transferred between organisms of different species
All of the above are true
DNA can be transferred between organisms of the same species
All organisms use the same A, T, C, and G nucleotides
9. The role of nucleic acids in cells is to:
store genetic information
provide energy (ATP)
carry out chemical reactions
produce cell membranes
10. An electron has a negative electrical charge.
false
true
11. If a food product contains hydrogenated oils, what type of fat is likely
present, and what health implications might it have?
Trans fats, which can increase the risk of heart disease.
Monounsaturated fats, which have no health implications.
Polyunsaturated fats, which are essential for brain function.
Saturated fats, which are beneficial for heart health.
12. What is the definition of an atom in the context of elements?
An atom is a form of energy.
, An atom is the smallest particle of an element.
An atom is a collection of cells.
An atom is a type of molecule.
13. Describe the relationship between amino acids and proteins.
Amino acids are produced by proteins during digestion.
Proteins are made up of fatty acids and glycerol.
Proteins consist of nucleotides linked together.
Amino acids are the monomers that link together to form proteins.
14. What is the scientific study of life and living organisms called?
Biology
Chemistry
Ecology
Physics
15. Describe the relationship between protons, neutrons, and atomic mass.
Atomic mass is the average mass of all isotopes of an element.
Atomic mass is solely determined by the number of protons.
Atomic mass includes only the mass of electrons.
Atomic mass is the total number of protons and neutrons in an
atom's nucleus.
16. Describe how the concept of 'form fit function' can be illustrated with an
example from nature.
