HESI A2 Anatomy and
Physiology with questions
and well verified answers
actual exam!!! 2026
What is histology? - ANSWER -The study of tissues
What is a tissue? - ANSWER -A group of cells that act together to perform a specific
function.
What are the fundamental tissues? - ANSWER -Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells? - ANSWER -Cover, line, and protect the body and
the internal organs.
What is the function of connective tissue? - ANSWER -Framework of the body. Provides
support and structure to organs.
What is neuroglia? - ANSWER -The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose
nerve tissue.
,What ability does muscle tissue have? - ANSWER -Ability to contract and shorten.
What is muscle tissue classified as? - ANSWER -Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and
involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
What is meiosis? - ANSWER -The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the
ovaries and testes.
What two layers compose the skin? - ANSWER -Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis? - ANSWER -The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized
epithelial cells.
What is the dermis? - ANSWER -The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood
vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis? - ANSWER -Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What secretion produces oil? - ANSWER -Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence? - ANSWER -Becoming clogged
and attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin? - ANSWER -Keratin
What makes the body's framework? - ANSWER -Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
, What are the functions of the skeletal system? - ANSWER -Support, movement, blood
cell formation, protection of internal organs, detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral
storage. *A MIME BATHED SEALS SINGING "MY PONY"*
How are bones classified? - ANSWER -By shape.
Long
Short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
*LEMURS SING SALSA FOR INDIANS*
What is the name for the cells that compose compact bone? - ANSWER -Osteoblasts
What occurs to osteoblasts when they become fixed in the dense bone matrix? -
ANSWER -They stop dividing but continue to maintain body tissues as osteocytes.
How many bones make up the axial skeleton? - ANSWER -28 bones of the skull. 14-
facial, 14-cranium.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against? - ANSWER -Radiation from the
Sun
What is the dermis composed of? - ANSWER -Fibrous connective tissue with nerve
endings, blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands? - ANSWER -ecrine & apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce? - ANSWER -Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
What do apocrine sweat glands produce? - ANSWER -Secretions contain bits of
cytoplasm from cells, attracting bacteria that produces body odor.
Physiology with questions
and well verified answers
actual exam!!! 2026
What is histology? - ANSWER -The study of tissues
What is a tissue? - ANSWER -A group of cells that act together to perform a specific
function.
What are the fundamental tissues? - ANSWER -Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells? - ANSWER -Cover, line, and protect the body and
the internal organs.
What is the function of connective tissue? - ANSWER -Framework of the body. Provides
support and structure to organs.
What is neuroglia? - ANSWER -The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose
nerve tissue.
,What ability does muscle tissue have? - ANSWER -Ability to contract and shorten.
What is muscle tissue classified as? - ANSWER -Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and
involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
What is meiosis? - ANSWER -The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the
ovaries and testes.
What two layers compose the skin? - ANSWER -Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis? - ANSWER -The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized
epithelial cells.
What is the dermis? - ANSWER -The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood
vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis? - ANSWER -Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What secretion produces oil? - ANSWER -Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence? - ANSWER -Becoming clogged
and attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin? - ANSWER -Keratin
What makes the body's framework? - ANSWER -Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
, What are the functions of the skeletal system? - ANSWER -Support, movement, blood
cell formation, protection of internal organs, detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral
storage. *A MIME BATHED SEALS SINGING "MY PONY"*
How are bones classified? - ANSWER -By shape.
Long
Short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
*LEMURS SING SALSA FOR INDIANS*
What is the name for the cells that compose compact bone? - ANSWER -Osteoblasts
What occurs to osteoblasts when they become fixed in the dense bone matrix? -
ANSWER -They stop dividing but continue to maintain body tissues as osteocytes.
How many bones make up the axial skeleton? - ANSWER -28 bones of the skull. 14-
facial, 14-cranium.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against? - ANSWER -Radiation from the
Sun
What is the dermis composed of? - ANSWER -Fibrous connective tissue with nerve
endings, blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands? - ANSWER -ecrine & apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce? - ANSWER -Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
What do apocrine sweat glands produce? - ANSWER -Secretions contain bits of
cytoplasm from cells, attracting bacteria that produces body odor.
