PHARM NUR 210 GALEN EXAM 1 EXAM
PREP GUIDE 2026 CORE TOPIC
BREAKDOWN AND SOLVED ITEMS
◉Ibuprofen
Answer: Classification: NSAID, propionic acid derivative
Uses: arthritis pain, inflammation, mild-moderate pain
Action: Inhibits COX 1/2 enzyme, prostaglandin inhibitor
Side Effects: GI upset, peripheral edema, dizziness Adverse Effects:
hearing loss/ tinnitus, GI bleeding/ulcers, petechiae
Contraindications: cross sensitivity to other NSAIDs,
hypersensitivity to aspirin, peptic ulcers
Interactions: anticoagulants, lithium, herbal products
Eval/Monitor/Teach: monitor for GI bleeding (severe stomach pain,
black/tarry stools)
◉Celecoxib (Celebrex)
Answer: Classification: COX-2 inhibitor, NSAID
Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in COX 2, decreases
inflammation/pain
Uses: osteoarthritis, RA, mild-moderate pain, fever
Side Effects: GI upset, dizziness, diarrhea
,Adverse Effects: headaches, peripheral edema, bleeding, HTN, can
cause strokes
Contraindications: cardiac conditions
Interactions: anticoagulants, lithium, herbal products (gingko
biloba)
Eval/Monitor/Teach: monitor for GI bleeding (severe stomach pain,
black/tarry stools), monitor VS, caution with hepatic or renal
dysfunction, highly protein bound, dysrhythmias,
◉Allopurinol
Answer: Classification: uric acid inhibitor, anti-gout
Action: reduces serum uric acid levels
Uses: gout, chronic gout prophylactic
Side Effects: GI upset, dizziness, pruritus, HA, flushed skin
Adverse Effects: blood dyscrasias, n/v, anemia, metallic taste,
pruritus
Contraindications: severe kidney disease
Interactions: cyclosporine, anticoagulants, diuretics
Eval/Monitor/Teach: monitor uric acid, increase fluids, encourage
yearly eye exams, take with food, avoid high purine foods (meats,
salmon, legumes, gravy, coffee), increase fluids, assess renal/liver
function
◉Acetominophen
, Answer: •Analgesic, antipyretic
•Not an NSAID
•no anti-inflammatory properties
•Little GI effects, no antiplatelet properties
•Short half life - taken q 4
•Watch liver function
•no more than 4 g/24 hours
•Hepatic toxicity
•N/V
•Diarrhea
•Abdominal pain
•Used for mild headache and mild fever
antidote is acetylcysteine
◉Opioid Analgesics
Answer: •Moderate to severe pain
•Antitussive
•Antidiarrheal
•Act on PNS and CNS
Pain receptor sites
Respiratory depression
Euphoria
PREP GUIDE 2026 CORE TOPIC
BREAKDOWN AND SOLVED ITEMS
◉Ibuprofen
Answer: Classification: NSAID, propionic acid derivative
Uses: arthritis pain, inflammation, mild-moderate pain
Action: Inhibits COX 1/2 enzyme, prostaglandin inhibitor
Side Effects: GI upset, peripheral edema, dizziness Adverse Effects:
hearing loss/ tinnitus, GI bleeding/ulcers, petechiae
Contraindications: cross sensitivity to other NSAIDs,
hypersensitivity to aspirin, peptic ulcers
Interactions: anticoagulants, lithium, herbal products
Eval/Monitor/Teach: monitor for GI bleeding (severe stomach pain,
black/tarry stools)
◉Celecoxib (Celebrex)
Answer: Classification: COX-2 inhibitor, NSAID
Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in COX 2, decreases
inflammation/pain
Uses: osteoarthritis, RA, mild-moderate pain, fever
Side Effects: GI upset, dizziness, diarrhea
,Adverse Effects: headaches, peripheral edema, bleeding, HTN, can
cause strokes
Contraindications: cardiac conditions
Interactions: anticoagulants, lithium, herbal products (gingko
biloba)
Eval/Monitor/Teach: monitor for GI bleeding (severe stomach pain,
black/tarry stools), monitor VS, caution with hepatic or renal
dysfunction, highly protein bound, dysrhythmias,
◉Allopurinol
Answer: Classification: uric acid inhibitor, anti-gout
Action: reduces serum uric acid levels
Uses: gout, chronic gout prophylactic
Side Effects: GI upset, dizziness, pruritus, HA, flushed skin
Adverse Effects: blood dyscrasias, n/v, anemia, metallic taste,
pruritus
Contraindications: severe kidney disease
Interactions: cyclosporine, anticoagulants, diuretics
Eval/Monitor/Teach: monitor uric acid, increase fluids, encourage
yearly eye exams, take with food, avoid high purine foods (meats,
salmon, legumes, gravy, coffee), increase fluids, assess renal/liver
function
◉Acetominophen
, Answer: •Analgesic, antipyretic
•Not an NSAID
•no anti-inflammatory properties
•Little GI effects, no antiplatelet properties
•Short half life - taken q 4
•Watch liver function
•no more than 4 g/24 hours
•Hepatic toxicity
•N/V
•Diarrhea
•Abdominal pain
•Used for mild headache and mild fever
antidote is acetylcysteine
◉Opioid Analgesics
Answer: •Moderate to severe pain
•Antitussive
•Antidiarrheal
•Act on PNS and CNS
Pain receptor sites
Respiratory depression
Euphoria
