NUR 600 - Final Exam Questions with Verified
Correct Answers
Signs and symptoms of renal calculi
• Renal Colic (+ CVA Tenderness), intense flank pain
• Severe pain (+/- Nausea and Vomiting)
• Hematuria, cloudy urine, painful urination
• Urinary retention
incontinence
inability to control bladder and/or bowels
Types of incontinence
1. Stress
Loss of small amounts of urine from increased abdominal pressure without bladder muscle
contraction with laughing, sneezing, or lifting.
2. Urge
Inability to stop urine flow long enough to reach the bathroom due to an overactive detrusor
muscle with increased bladder pressure,
3. Overflow
Urinary retention from bladder over-distention and frequent loss of small amounts of urine
due to obstruction of the urinary outlet or an impaired detrusor muscle.
4. Reflex
Involuntary loss of a moderate amount of urine usually without warning due to hyperrflexia,
,of the detrusor muscle, usually from spinal cord dysfunction.
5. Functional
Loss of urine due to factors that interfere with responding to the need to urinate such as
cognitive, mobility, and environmental barriers.
6. Total
Unpredictable, involuntary loss of urine that generally does not respond to treatment,
Tests to diagnose incontinence
Urinalysis, Bladder Diary, Post void residual measurement, cystoscopy, Ultrasound
Treatment for incontinence
-bladder training
-scheduled toileting
-fluid/diet management
-pelvic muscle exercises (stress and urge)
-pharmacological interventions
-surgery
Patient education for incontinence
Urinate only every 3 to 6 hours to "re-train" your bladder.
Know that consumption of diuretics, antidepressants, antihistamines, and cough-cold
preparations exacerbates urinary incontinence.
Eat fruits, vegetables, and whole grains daily to prevent constipation.
Stop smoking (nicotine irritates the bladder).
, Patient education for urolethiasis
Limit the amount of salt (sodium) in your diet. Eat a balanced diet that is not too high in
protein. Limit foods that are high in a substance called oxalate, which can cause kidney
stones. These foods include dark green vegetables, rhubarb, chocolate, wheat bran, nuts,
cranberries, and beans.
Treatment for BPH
TURP (transurethral resection of the prostate)
terazosin (Hytrin), doxazosin (Cardura), tamsulosin (Flomax), alfuzosin (Uroxatral), and
silodosin (Rapaflo).
Prostatic Urethral Lift or Water Vapor Therapy
Symptoms of erectile dysfunction
being able to get an erection sometimes, but not every time you want to have sex.
being able to get an erection, but not having it last long enough for sex.
being unable to get an erection at any time.
Treatment of erectile dysfunction
Sildenafil, prostoglandins, intraurethral prostoglandins, vacuum-assisted devices, implants
Patient education erectile dysfunction
Psychological causes, such as performance anxiety, a strained relationship, lack of sexual
arousability and mental health disorders, including depression and schizophrenia.
Neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, stroke and brain
trauma. These conditions often cause erectile dysfunction by decreasing libido or preventing
the initiation of an erection.
Correct Answers
Signs and symptoms of renal calculi
• Renal Colic (+ CVA Tenderness), intense flank pain
• Severe pain (+/- Nausea and Vomiting)
• Hematuria, cloudy urine, painful urination
• Urinary retention
incontinence
inability to control bladder and/or bowels
Types of incontinence
1. Stress
Loss of small amounts of urine from increased abdominal pressure without bladder muscle
contraction with laughing, sneezing, or lifting.
2. Urge
Inability to stop urine flow long enough to reach the bathroom due to an overactive detrusor
muscle with increased bladder pressure,
3. Overflow
Urinary retention from bladder over-distention and frequent loss of small amounts of urine
due to obstruction of the urinary outlet or an impaired detrusor muscle.
4. Reflex
Involuntary loss of a moderate amount of urine usually without warning due to hyperrflexia,
,of the detrusor muscle, usually from spinal cord dysfunction.
5. Functional
Loss of urine due to factors that interfere with responding to the need to urinate such as
cognitive, mobility, and environmental barriers.
6. Total
Unpredictable, involuntary loss of urine that generally does not respond to treatment,
Tests to diagnose incontinence
Urinalysis, Bladder Diary, Post void residual measurement, cystoscopy, Ultrasound
Treatment for incontinence
-bladder training
-scheduled toileting
-fluid/diet management
-pelvic muscle exercises (stress and urge)
-pharmacological interventions
-surgery
Patient education for incontinence
Urinate only every 3 to 6 hours to "re-train" your bladder.
Know that consumption of diuretics, antidepressants, antihistamines, and cough-cold
preparations exacerbates urinary incontinence.
Eat fruits, vegetables, and whole grains daily to prevent constipation.
Stop smoking (nicotine irritates the bladder).
, Patient education for urolethiasis
Limit the amount of salt (sodium) in your diet. Eat a balanced diet that is not too high in
protein. Limit foods that are high in a substance called oxalate, which can cause kidney
stones. These foods include dark green vegetables, rhubarb, chocolate, wheat bran, nuts,
cranberries, and beans.
Treatment for BPH
TURP (transurethral resection of the prostate)
terazosin (Hytrin), doxazosin (Cardura), tamsulosin (Flomax), alfuzosin (Uroxatral), and
silodosin (Rapaflo).
Prostatic Urethral Lift or Water Vapor Therapy
Symptoms of erectile dysfunction
being able to get an erection sometimes, but not every time you want to have sex.
being able to get an erection, but not having it last long enough for sex.
being unable to get an erection at any time.
Treatment of erectile dysfunction
Sildenafil, prostoglandins, intraurethral prostoglandins, vacuum-assisted devices, implants
Patient education erectile dysfunction
Psychological causes, such as performance anxiety, a strained relationship, lack of sexual
arousability and mental health disorders, including depression and schizophrenia.
Neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, stroke and brain
trauma. These conditions often cause erectile dysfunction by decreasing libido or preventing
the initiation of an erection.
