HY 103 (American Civilization) Exam 1 Solved
100% Correct
Christendom - ANSWER-Christian-dominated Western Europe of the Middle Ages
Latin Speaking Christians
Byzantine empire walls off Europe from the Middle East
They think of themselves as civilized, and Europe is wild
Dynastic Competition - ANSWER-Competition basically between kings
A major factor in Spain and Portugal trying to outdo each other in late 1400s early
1500s
Byzantine Empire - ANSWER-Historians' name for the eastern portion of the Roman
Empire from the fourth century onward, taken from 'Byzantion,' an early name for
Constantinople, the Byzantine capital city. The empire fell to the Ottomans in 1453.
Pushed out of the way by Ottomans, becomes Istanbul
Silk, sugar, spices come down the silk road to Byzantium
Ottoman Empire - ANSWER-A Muslim empire based in Turkey that lasted from the
1300's to 1922.
Takes over the Byzantine Empire
Marco Polo - ANSWER-(1254-1324) Italian explorer and author. He made numerous
trips to China and returned to Europe to write of his journeys. He is responsible for
much of the knowledge exchanged between Europe and China during this time
period.
Wrote his book while in prison in Italy trying to get out (so may not be true)
Tells fantastic half-truths about China
Zheng He - ANSWER-Makes a series of expeditions through the Indian ocean
Very large Chinese navy force (like 60 ships, 25000 person crew)
They get about as far as Madagascar
China pulls the money (doesn't want to spend money on exploration when everyone
is coming to them)
Canary Islands - ANSWER-Not uninhabited; had a population settled there, were
known to Rome but when Roman civilization fell, they lost knowledge of these
people for 2 years
, Cash crop in the canary islands is sugar cane
It takes a lot of acreage of sugar cane to make sugar
Very labor intensive, need slaves
Force Guanache to work, they die --- turn to African slaves (congo and benine
territories)
Guanache - ANSWER-Guanache: people of the Canary Islands
Portuguese showed up, these people did not have concept of Christianity, money
"They are animals" because they lack these things
For 5 years, the Portuguese try to overtake them and convert them
Guanache don't have horses/ other animals
Guanache don't have metal
Portuguese have war dogs (Mastiffs kept hungry and trained to be vicious)
Guanache don't have the ANTIBODIES or knowledge to fight diseases from
Portuguese
Guanache were wiped out completely (language, culture, whole way of life)
Reconquista - ANSWER-The effort by Christian leaders to drive the Muslims out of
Spain, lasting from the 1100s until 1492.
Reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula from the Moors (Muslims who conquered Spain
in the 740s)
Christopher Columbus - ANSWER-Columbus is a product of increasing dominance
Deeply religious, concerned about Muslims controlling Jerusalem
Reads Marco Polo, comes up with a big long term plan to extend the Reconquista to
Jerusalem
Wants to convert Chinese to Christianity and take over Jerusalem
Columbus underestimated the size of the Earth greatly, thought it was much
smaller
Portuguese aren't interested in his plan, English aren't either
Spanish just unified through the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella
If this voyage was successful, they would become much more powerful
After about 3 weeks, they spot first an island (somewhere in the Caribbean)
Columbus calls it Hispanola
Convinced he is correct and that he found India/China ... calls the people "Indians"
100% Correct
Christendom - ANSWER-Christian-dominated Western Europe of the Middle Ages
Latin Speaking Christians
Byzantine empire walls off Europe from the Middle East
They think of themselves as civilized, and Europe is wild
Dynastic Competition - ANSWER-Competition basically between kings
A major factor in Spain and Portugal trying to outdo each other in late 1400s early
1500s
Byzantine Empire - ANSWER-Historians' name for the eastern portion of the Roman
Empire from the fourth century onward, taken from 'Byzantion,' an early name for
Constantinople, the Byzantine capital city. The empire fell to the Ottomans in 1453.
Pushed out of the way by Ottomans, becomes Istanbul
Silk, sugar, spices come down the silk road to Byzantium
Ottoman Empire - ANSWER-A Muslim empire based in Turkey that lasted from the
1300's to 1922.
Takes over the Byzantine Empire
Marco Polo - ANSWER-(1254-1324) Italian explorer and author. He made numerous
trips to China and returned to Europe to write of his journeys. He is responsible for
much of the knowledge exchanged between Europe and China during this time
period.
Wrote his book while in prison in Italy trying to get out (so may not be true)
Tells fantastic half-truths about China
Zheng He - ANSWER-Makes a series of expeditions through the Indian ocean
Very large Chinese navy force (like 60 ships, 25000 person crew)
They get about as far as Madagascar
China pulls the money (doesn't want to spend money on exploration when everyone
is coming to them)
Canary Islands - ANSWER-Not uninhabited; had a population settled there, were
known to Rome but when Roman civilization fell, they lost knowledge of these
people for 2 years
, Cash crop in the canary islands is sugar cane
It takes a lot of acreage of sugar cane to make sugar
Very labor intensive, need slaves
Force Guanache to work, they die --- turn to African slaves (congo and benine
territories)
Guanache - ANSWER-Guanache: people of the Canary Islands
Portuguese showed up, these people did not have concept of Christianity, money
"They are animals" because they lack these things
For 5 years, the Portuguese try to overtake them and convert them
Guanache don't have horses/ other animals
Guanache don't have metal
Portuguese have war dogs (Mastiffs kept hungry and trained to be vicious)
Guanache don't have the ANTIBODIES or knowledge to fight diseases from
Portuguese
Guanache were wiped out completely (language, culture, whole way of life)
Reconquista - ANSWER-The effort by Christian leaders to drive the Muslims out of
Spain, lasting from the 1100s until 1492.
Reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula from the Moors (Muslims who conquered Spain
in the 740s)
Christopher Columbus - ANSWER-Columbus is a product of increasing dominance
Deeply religious, concerned about Muslims controlling Jerusalem
Reads Marco Polo, comes up with a big long term plan to extend the Reconquista to
Jerusalem
Wants to convert Chinese to Christianity and take over Jerusalem
Columbus underestimated the size of the Earth greatly, thought it was much
smaller
Portuguese aren't interested in his plan, English aren't either
Spanish just unified through the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella
If this voyage was successful, they would become much more powerful
After about 3 weeks, they spot first an island (somewhere in the Caribbean)
Columbus calls it Hispanola
Convinced he is correct and that he found India/China ... calls the people "Indians"
