NURS 5350 Exam 2: Units 5-8 (Latest 2026/2027 Update) Advanced Pathophysiology Questions with Verified Answers | 100% Correct – UTA.

NURS 5350 Exam 2: Units 5-8 (Latest
2026/2027 Update) Advanced
Pathophysiology Questions with
Verified Answers | 100% Correct – UTA.
Question:
What are the four clinical stages of the process of infection and describe
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each??

Answer:

Incubation phase: period from initial exposure to the onset of of the first
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symptoms; can last hours to years. i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




Prodromal phase: Starts with initial symptoms is often very mild with
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feelings of discomfort and tiredness.
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Invasion phase: invasion is farther and affects other body tissues,
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symptoms of illness are at their worst.
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Convalescence phase: (RECOVERY) recovery occurs and symptoms decline,
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or the disease is fatal, or has period of latency.
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Question:

,What activates almost every aspect of inflammation??
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Answer:

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). i,-




Question:

Clinical manifestations of infection??
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Answer:

fatigue

malaise
weakness
concentration loss i,-




aching

loss of appetite
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FEVER: HALLMARK SIGN
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leukocytosis




Question:

What is virulence??
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Answer:

Capacity of a pathogen to cause severe disease; How potent.
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,Question:

Infectious Disease Classification: Endemic??
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Answer:

Diseases with relatively high, but constant, rates of infection in a particular
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population.




Question:

Infectious Disease Classification: Epidemic??
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Answer:
Number of new infections in a particular population that greatly exceeds
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the number usually observed.
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Question:
Infectious Disease Classification: Pandemic??
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Answer:
An epidemic that spreads over a large area such as a continent or
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worldwide.




Question:
Bacterial Infection: Gram + vs Gram -?
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, Answer:
Gram-Positive: Above diaphragm. i,- i,-




Gram-Negative: Below diaphragm. i,- i,-




Question:
What are Exotoxins??
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Answer:

Enzymes released during growth causing specific responses.
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Question:

What are Endotoxins??
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Answer:
Contained in cell walls of gram negative bacteria and released during lysis
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of bacteria.
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Question:

How do antibiotics work against bacterial infections??
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Answer:
Antibiotics work by prohibiting protein synthesis.
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